scholarly journals ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF CYPERUS ROTUNDUS L. AND CYNODAN DACTYLON L. ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH RESPONSES OF SOME RICE CULTIVARS

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
Kavitha D
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents

Weeds are enemies to the crop plants and have harmful effects on agricultural crops due to several factors such as competition for space, light and nutrients and allelopathy. In the present study,various concentrations (0,5,10,15,20 and 25%) of whole plant aqueous extractsof weeds, Cyperus rotundusL.( Purple nut sedge) and Cynodan dactylon(L.) Pers. (Bermuda grass) were tested for assessing their allelopathic potential on seed germination and seedling growth of some rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars i.e.ADT-36,BPT5204 and IR-20 using pot culture experiments. The experimental results revealed that all the concentrations of both the weed extracts had inhibition on germination percentage, seedling length, number of,dry weight and chlorophyll contents of 15 day old seedlings of all the three rice cultivars and the inhibitory effect of the extracts was concentration dependent. However, at 5% of C. rotundus and10% of C. dactylon extracts did notaffect seed germination of IR-20 . Among the rice cultivars,the higher degree of growth inhibition was observed in ADT-36followed by BPT-5204 and IR-20 . The weed C.rotundusexhibited more intense on growth suppression of rice cultivars thanC.dactylon.

scholarly journals ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF WEED SPEICES AGERATUM CONYZOIDES L. AND CLEOME VISCOSA L. ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF SESAMUM INDICUM L

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-117
Author(s):  
Anbarasan R ◽  
Prabhakaran J
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Cleome Viscosa

Various concentrations (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) of aqueous extracts prepared from two weed species namely Ageratum conyzoides L. and Cleome viscosa L. and used for the present experiments to determine their allelopathic potential on growth and developmental changes on sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). The weed extracts showed an inhibitory effect on germination percentage, root and shoot growth, and fresh and dry weight of sesame seedlings. The extracts of A.conyzoides had more inhibitory effect at 20%concentration,than that of C.viscosa on growth parameters of sesame.

scholarly journals ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF EXTRACTS AND LEACHATES OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA A. JUSS LEAVES ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF ELEUSINE CORACANA (L.) GAERTNER

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
Elavazhagan P
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Eleusine Coracana ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth ◽  
Germination And Growth

Various concentrations (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) of leaf leachates and leaf extracts prepared from fully senesced fallen and matured leaves of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. and used for the present experiments to determine their allelopathic potential on growth and developmental changes on Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertner. Leaf leachates and leaf extracts sowed an inhibitory effect on germination percentage, root and shoot growth, and fresh and dry weight of E. coracana seedlings. The leaf extracts had more inhibitory effect at 20%concentration,than that of leaf leachates on morphological parameters of E. coracana

scholarly journals Effects of exogenous silicon on maize seed germination and seedling growth

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yankun Sun ◽  
Jiaqi Xu ◽  
Xiangyang Miao ◽  
Xuesong Lin ◽  
Wanzhen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System

AbstractAs the global population continues to increase, global food production needs to double by 2050 to meet the demand. Given the current status of the not expansion of cultivated land area, agronomic seedlings are complete, well-formed and strong, which is the basis of high crop yields. The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of seed germination and seedling growth in response to silicon (from water-soluble Si fertilizer). The effects of Si on the maize germination, seedling growth, chlorophyll contents, osmoprotectant contents, antioxidant enzyme activities, non-enzymatic antioxidant contents and stomatal characteristics were studied by soaking Xianyu 335 in solutions of different concentrations of Si (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 g·L−1). In this study, Si treatments significantly increased the seed germination and per-plant dry weight of seedlings (P < 0.05), and the optimal concentration was 15 g·L−1. As a result of the Si treatment of the seeds, the chlorophyll content, osmotic material accumulation and antioxidant defence system activity increased, reducing membrane system damage, reactive oxygen species contents, and stomatal aperture. The results suggested that 15 g·L−1 Si significantly stimulated seed germination and promoted the growth of maize seedlings, laying a solid foundation for subsequent maize growth.

The Effect of High Concentrations of Ethylene on Seed Germination of Douglas Fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco)

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carey Borno ◽  
Iain E. P. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
High Concentrations

Stratified, imbibed Douglas fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seeds were exposed to 100% ethylene for times between 0 and 366 h. Germination rate and germination percentage were increased by treatments up to 48 h. The 12-h treatment gave largest stimulation; 30% enhancement of final germination percentage over control. Treatment for 96 h caused increased germination rate for the first 5 days but reduced the germination percentage. Germinants were subject to continuous exposure to atmospheres containing 0.1 – 200 000 ppm ethylene in air, but it did not stimulate growth, and the gas was inhibitory above 100 ppm. Although some effects of high concentrations of ethylene may have been due to the lowering of oxygen supplies, this alone was insufficient to account for the full inhibitory effect. The mechanism of stimulation by short-term exposure to ethylene is discussed.

Allelopathic potential of Artemisia campestris ssp. caudata on Lake Huron sand dunes

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 1903-1912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyeong W. Yun ◽  
M. A. Maun
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Sand Dunes ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Test Species ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Artemisia Campestris

Greenhouse studies were conducted to test allelopathic effects of Artemisia campestris ssp. caudata on seed germination and seedling growth of several sand-dune species and colonization by mycorrhizal fungi. The aqueous extracts of A. campestris showed no inhibitory effect on seed germination, seedling elongation, or dry-weight growth of plants at lower concentrations (10 and 50%), but 100% concentration of the extracts caused varying degrees of inhibition depending on the test species. The mixing of dry leaves of seedlings of A. campestris to the sand showed severe inhibition of Elymus canadensis seedlings. The percent germination of test species in soil from the rhizosphere of A. campestris was significantly lower than that of the control. The leaf area and dry weight were also lower but the differences were not significant. The aqueous extract inhibited mycorrhizal fungal colonization in roots of three sand-dune grasses. Key words: allelopathy, Artemisia campestris ssp. caudata, seed germination, seedling growth, mycorrhizal fungi.

scholarly journals ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF Cyperus rotundus L. EXTRACTS ON GERMINATION AND COWPEA SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
João Alves Ferreira Pereira ◽  
Tatiana Maria da Silva ◽  
Andreza Raquel Barbosa de Farias ◽  
Alexandre Bosco de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

POTENCIAL ALELOPÁTICO DE EXTRATOS DE Cyperus rotundus L. NA GERMINAÇÃO E ESTABELECIMENTO DE PLÂNTULAS DE FEIJÃO-CAUPI Este trabalho investigou os efeitos alelopáticos de extratos de Cyperus rotundus L. na germinação de sementes e crescimento inicial das plântulas de Vigna unguiculata L. Walp. Extratos alcoólicos nas concentrações 0; 1,5%; 3,0%; 4,5%; 6,0%; 7,5% e 9,0%, obtidos a partir da trituração de folhas de C. rotundus L. foram utilizados para umedecimento das folhas de papel toalha “germitest”. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância pelo F e as médias comparadas pelos testes de Tukey e Kruscal-Wallis, ambos a 5% de probabilidade. A primeira contagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, comprimento de raiz, comprimento da parte aérea e massa seca da raiz do feijão-caupi foram analisados de forma paramétrica, sendo constatado que apenas houve significância na variável primeira contagem e uma redução na germinação em relação ao tratamento controle em torno de 10%. Nas condições em que essa pesquisa foi realizada, os extratos alcoólicos de C. rotundus L. não afetam a germinação de sementes e crescimento inicial das plântulas de feijão-caupi.Palavras-chave: tiririca, alelopatia, interferência, plantas daninhas. ABSTRACT:This study aimed to investigate the allelopathic effects of Cyperus rotundus L. extracts on seed germination and early development of seedlings of Vigna unguiculata L. Walp. Alcoholic extracts at concentrations of 0, 1.5%, 3%, 4.5%, 6.0%, 7.5%, and 9.0% were obtained by crushing C. rotundus L. leaves used to moisten the “germitest” paper sheets. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and also both Tukey and Kruscal-Wallis tests were carried out at 5% for the data means. The first germination count, germination speed index, root length, shoot length, and dry root weight of cowpea were parametrically analyzed. The only variable with significance was first germination count. The germination reducted in relation to the control treatment around 10%. Thus, in the conditions used in this research, alcoholic extracts of C. rotundus L. did not affect either seed germination or early growth of cowpea seedlings.Keywords: nut grass, allelopathy, interference, weeds. DOI:

scholarly journals ALLELOPATHIC INFLUENCE OF TRIANTHIMA PORTULACASTRUM L. ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENTAL RESPONSES OF SESAME (SESAMUM INDICUM L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-186
Author(s):  
Prabhakaran J ◽  
Kavitha D
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Developmental Responses

An experiment was conducted in order to determine the allelopathic effects of the aqueous extract of Trianthima portulacastrum L.on the seed germination, seedling growth and chlorophyll content ofsesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Greenhouse experiment was carried out as RCBD (Randomized complete block design)with four replications. Treatments included 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4% (W/W) residues of whole plant of T.portulacastrum with normal field soil. Results showed that the low concentrations of T.portulacastrum had no significant effect on the germination percentage, seedling length, dry weight, total chlorophyll contents at lower concentration(1%) of weed residues. However, treatments with higher concentrations had negative effects on germination, growth and seedling dry weight of sesame.

scholarly journals HERBICIDAL EFFICACY OF ROOT EXUDATES OF RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) ON BARNYARD GRASS (ECHINOCHLOA CRUS-GALLI L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Prabhakaran J ◽  
Kavitha D
Keyword(s):  
Root Exudates ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Underground Part ◽  
Barnyard Grass ◽  
Crop Field ◽  
Germination And Growth

A laboratory study was conducted to assess the herbicidal potential of root exudates of three rice cultivars (ADT-36, BPT and IR-20) against germination and growth of common crop field weed, barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli L.). Various concentrations (5, 10, 15 and 20%) of root exudates were prepared from the underground part of rice cultivars from the postharvest rice fields. The studies revealed that all the three rice cultivars were exhibited significant inhibition on growth and development of weed species. Among the rice cultivars, ADT-36 exhibited the greatest inhibition on the seed germination (86%), seedling growth(83%), dry weight (81%) of barnyard cross than BPT and ADT-36. The percentage of inhibition on concentration depends. The order of inhibition of the rice cultivars was ADT-36 > BPT > IR-20 on barnyard grass.

scholarly journals Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Alnus maritima from Its Three Disjunct Populations

2000 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Schrader ◽  
William R. Graves
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Delmarva Peninsula ◽  
Disjunct Populations ◽  
Alnus Maritima ◽  
Multiple Groups ◽  
Managed Landscapes

Genotypic variation and horticultural potential of Alnus maritima [Marsh.] Nutt. (seaside alder), a large shrub or small tree found naturally in only three small, disjunct populations, have not been studied. We examined effects of population of origin and environment on seed germination and growth and morphology of seedlings. The first experiment showed that 6 weeks of cold stratification optimized germination of half-sibling seeds from Oklahoma at 73.2%. When this treatment was applied to multiple groups of half-siblings from all populations in a second experiment, seeds from Oklahoma had a higher germination percentage (55.0%) than seeds from Georgia (31.4%) and the Delmarva Peninsula (14.7%). In a third experiment, morphology and growth of multiple groups of half-siblings from all three populations were compared in one environment. Leaves of seedlings from Oklahoma were longer (12.8 cm) and more narrow (2.15 length to width ratio) than leaves of seedlings from Georgia (12.0 cm long; ratio = 1.76) and the Delmarva Peninsula (11.6 cm long; ratio = 1.86). Seedlings from Oklahoma and Georgia accumulated dry weight at higher rates (181 and 160 mg·d-1, respectively) than seedlings from Delmarva (130 mg·d-1), while seedlings from Oklahoma and Delmarva were more densely foliated (0.72 and 0.64 leaves and lateral shoots per centimeter of primary stem, respectively) than those from Georgia (0.46 per cm). These differences indicate genetic divergence among the three disjunct populations and the potential to exploit genetic variation to select horticulturally superior A. maritima for use in managed landscapes.

Can results from a laboratory bioassay be used as an indicator of field performance of rice cultivars with allelopathic potential against Damasonium minus (starfruit)?

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexa N. Seal ◽  
James E. Pratley ◽  
Terry Haig
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Laboratory Bioassay ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Control Comparison

Several weeds of rice in Australia have developed resistance to the main herbicide available for their control. Allelopathy is one phenomenon that could be incorporated into an integrated weed-management system as a supplement or alternative to synthetic herbicides. Several rice cultivars were screened both in the laboratory and the field for allelopathic potential against a major rice weed, Damasonium minus. Results from the laboratory bioassay showed that there were significant differences among cultivars in their ability to inhibit D. minus root growth. D. minus root lengths ranged from 2.0% (cv. Hungarian #1) to 32.6% (cv. Rexmont) that of the control. In the field study, significant differences existed in the D. minus dry matter grown in association with different cultivars, ranging from 4.6% (cv. Tono Brea) to 72.2% (cv. Rexmont) that of the control. Comparison between laboratory and field results indicated a strong relationship between performance in the field and in the laboratory (r2 = 0.713). Those cultivars ranked as allelopathic in the bioassay tended to have associated lower D. minus dry weight in the field. Eight of the top 10 allelopathic cultivars in the bioassay were among the top 10 suppressive cultivars in the field trial. This important finding indicates that at least some of the variation in field performance of cultivars may be predicted by their performance in bioassays.

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