scholarly journals Atmospheric Plasma Spraying (APS) and Alloying as Methods to Modify Properties of the SSS Surface Layers

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-89
Author(s):  
Barbara Lisiecka ◽  
Agata Dudek ◽  
Robert Ulewicz
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma Spraying ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Gas Tungsten Arc ◽  
Roughness Measurements ◽  
Scanning Electron

Use of the powder metallurgy (PM) in production of various components has been growing in the automotive industry, including production of sintered stainless steels (SSSs). This study aims to improve the functional properties of SSSs by formation of the Cr3C2-NiCr coating by APS method. The next stage involved alloying of the surface of SSSs using the gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). Analysis of microstructures was carried out using microscopy (metallographic microscope and scanning electron microscope). Furthermore, the study presents XRD (X-ray powder diffraction) examinations, mechanical properties and surface roughness measurements. The presented modification improved properties of the surface layers examined in the study and enabled a reduction in the wall thickness of the detail, which is important factor in the automotive and transport industry.

Detecting Critical Crevice Temperature for Duplex Stainless Steels in Chloride Solutions

CORROSION ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 025004-1-025004-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Han ◽  
Y. Jiang ◽  
B. Deng ◽  
L. Zhang ◽  
J. Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Crevice Corrosion ◽  
Electrochemical Method ◽  
Duplex Stainless Steels ◽  
Good Reproducibility ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Initiation Step ◽  
Critical Pitting Temperature ◽  
Preferential Dissolution ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract A simple and rapid electrochemical method for the evaluation of crevice corrosion in duplex stainless steels (DSS) is described. Three types of DSS—namely, UNS S32101, UNS S31803, and UNS S32750—were tested in 1 mol/L sodium chloride (NaCl) solutions. Results showed good reproducibility with a typical standard deviation of below 3°C. The critical pitting temperature (CPT) for the same specimens was also investigated in 1 mol/L NaCl solutions. An approximately 20°C decrease from CPT to critical crevice temperature (CCT) was observed and subsequently explained. Then, the morphologies of crevice corrosion were studied using scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) method. The SEM/EDS study revealed that the ferrite phase was the site where preferential dissolution took place at the initiation step of crevice corrosion, which was in accordance with the prediction by calculating the critical crevice index. Moreover, repassivation was detected with the development of crevice corrosion. The reason was clarified by combining the results obtained with a successful diffusion model, and eventually the crevice corrosion progress was illustrated schematically.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Properties of a Repair Weld in a Nickel Based Superalloy Gas Turbine Component

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ł. Rakoczy ◽  
M. Grudzień ◽  
L. Tuz ◽  
K. Pańcikiewicz ◽  
A. Zielińska-Lipiec
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Aged Condition ◽  
Hastelloy X ◽  
Gas Tungsten Arc ◽  
Nickel Based Superalloy ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Turbine Component ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to characterize the repair weld of serviced (aged) solid-solution Ni-Cr-Fe-Mo alloy: Hastelloy X. The repair welding of a gas turbine part was carried out using Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), the same process as for new parts. Light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, microhardness measurements were the techniques used to determine the post repair condition of the alloy. Compared to the solution state, an increased amount of M6C carbide was detected, but M23C6carbides, sigma and mu phases were not. The aged condition corresponds to higher hardness, but without brittle regions that could initiate cracking.

Wear Studies on Aircraft Brake Materials

1978 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Long Ho
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Element ◽  
Element Distribution ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Surface Cracks ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Wear Model ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

An investigation of both worn surfaces of friction pads and steel rotors which are being applied in current aircraft brakes has been carried out by employing an x-ray diffraction technique. It consists of the analysis of chemical element distribution in the surface layers. The wear particles were also examined by using the scanning electron microscope. The initiation and growth of surface cracks and the oxidation were emphasized in this investigation. A wear model was proposed for the current aircraft brake materials. Essentially this model proposed that cracks are formed in the surface layer of the break material due to the normal and fractional stresses. It is primarily surface temperature dependent.

scholarly journals Enhanced Weld Penetrations in GTA Welding with Activating Fluxes Case Studies: Plain Carbon & Stainless Steels, Titanium and Aluminum

2014 ◽  
Vol 783-786 ◽  
pp. 2804-2809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Rückert ◽  
N. Perry ◽  
Stéphane Sire ◽  
Surendar Marya
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Gta Welding ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Gas Tungsten Arc ◽  
Titanium Aluminum ◽  
Flux Composition ◽  
Weld Depth

Flux applications prior to the convention Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) is known to improve weld penetrations and improve process competitiveness. This paper summarizes the investigations on aluminum, plain carbon steels, stainless steels and titanium. The importance of flux composition, homogeneity and profile of its application are shown to be primordial in determining the weld depth to width ratio of weld pools. The mechanisms that lead to improved penetrations along with some industrial case studies are presented.Key Words: ATIG, Weld penetrations, Steels, Titanium, Aluminum

Influence of Oxygen Concentration on the Initiation of Dissolution Corrosion on 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel at 450°C

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Klok ◽  
Konstantina Lambrinou ◽  
Serguei Gavrilov ◽  
Iris De Graeve
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
X Ray ◽  
First Results ◽  
316L Steel ◽  
316L Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Dissolution Corrosion ◽  
Scanning Electron

This work presents first results of the study on the influence of the LBE oxygen concentration on the initiation of dissolution corrosion in 316L austenitic stainless steels. 316L steel specimens were exposed at 450 °C to static liquid LBE with controlled and constant oxygen concentration of 10−5, 10−6 and 10−7 mass% for 1000 hours. Corroded specimens were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Limited oxidation corrosion and no dissolution corrosion was observed in the specimens exposed to LBE containing 10−5 and 10−6 mass% oxygen, while dissolution corrosion with a maximum depth of 59 μm was found in the specimen exposed to LBE containing 10−7 mass% oxygen.

Effect of Inconel 625 on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Gas Tungsten Arc Welded Inconel-713LC Superalloy Joints

2019 ◽  
Vol 1156 ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Yu Chih Tzeng ◽  
Chih Ting Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Inconel 625 ◽  
Strengthening Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Gas Tungsten Arc ◽  
Nickel Based Superalloy ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Gas Tungsten

This study investigates how the use of Inconel filler metal 625 affects the microstructure and mechanical properties of gas tungsten arc welded joints of an IN-713LC nickel-based superalloy. Due to their difference in composition, obvious weld beads could be found by X-ray detection. In addition, it was found that the γ' strengthening phase was absent and carbide was present between the matrix and the weld bead during gas tungsten arc welding. These carbides are strongly related to the formation of cracking and weld shrinkage during solidification. The absence of the γ' strengthening phase and the presence of weld shrinkage and cracking led to a decrease in the hardness, tensile strength, and elongation of the welded pieces.

INCONEL FILLER METAL 82

Alloy Digest ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Filler Metal ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Dissimilar Welding ◽  
Gas Tungsten Arc ◽  
Inconel Alloys ◽  
Inco Alloy ◽  
Submerged Arc

Abstract INCONEL Filler Metal 82 is used for gas-tungsten-arc, gas-metal-arc, and submerged-arc welding of INCONEL alloys 600, 601 and 690, INCOLOY alloys 800 and 800H, and INCO alloy 330. It also is used for surfacing of steel. Dissimilar-welding applications for which the filler metal is used include joining INCONEL alloys, INCOLOY alloys and alloy 330 to nickel, MONEL alloys, stainless steels and carbon steels. It also is used to join stainless steels to nickel alloys and carbon steels. This datasheet provides information on composition and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Ni-342. Producer or source: Inco Alloys International Inc..

On The Fabrication and Properties of a Ceramic Cladded Aluminium Powder Using the Spray Drying Process

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Comas ◽  
C. Mateus ◽  
B. Hansz ◽  
C. Coddet
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma Spraying ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Aluminium Powder ◽  
New Family ◽  
Spray Dried ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract A new family of spherical powders produced by the spray drying route has been developed. This paper describes as an example the manufacturing method of an Y203-coated aluminum powder. Atmospheric Plasma Spraying (APS) was used to test the corresponding coatings. Morphology and phases of powders and coatings were investigated by optical and scanning electron microscopy while the level of porosity was evaluated using image analysis. Results show that homogenous composite coatings can be obtained from cladded spray dried powders.

Microstructure Characteristics of Fe-xCr-C Hardfacing Alloys

2012 ◽  
Vol 472-475 ◽  
pp. 165-168
Author(s):  
Lin Zong ◽  
Zheng Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microstructure Characteristics ◽  
Gas Tungsten Arc ◽  
Gtaw Process

A series of Fe-xCr-C hardfacing alloys were successfully fabricated on a substrate of 20g steel by gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process. These claddings were disigned to observe hypoeutectic, near-eutectic, and hypereutectic structures with various Cr3C2 and M7C3 carbides at room temperature. According to X-ray diffraction(XRD) and optical microscopy (OM), the hypoeutectic and eutectic composites include the Fe-Cr solid solution(α+A) and Cr3C2 carbides. Hypereutectic structures consist of α+A+M+M7C3 respectively. The cladding of hypereutectic microstructure with great amounts of primary M7C3 carbides had the highest hardness of the all conditions.

Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Fe-Based Amorphous Coating Prepared Atmospheric Plasma Spraying

2012 ◽  
Vol 557-559 ◽  
pp. 1768-1771
Author(s):  
Xiao Bing Zhao ◽  
Zhi Hui Ye
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Plasma Spraying ◽  
Amorphous Powder ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma Spraying ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Amorphous Coating ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Steel Substrates

Fe-based amorphous coating was prepared on stainless steel substrates by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) using Fe-based amorphous powder as feedstock. Microstructures of the coating were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The corrosion behavior of coating and stainless steel were evaluated respectively in 3.5% NaCl, 10% NaOH and 1 mol/L H2SO4 aqueous solutions by electrochemical workstation. The results indicated that the coating was composed of most amorphous phase and some Fe-Cr crystalline phase. The coating exhibited the better corrosion resistance in H2SO4 solution, while the worse in NaOH.

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