HYBRID VERSION OF UKRAINE TRANSITION FROM PERIPHERY OF WORLD-ECONOMY TO SEMI-PERIPHERY

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
World Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Protracted Conflict ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Eu

The article examines the transition of Ukraine from the periphery of the modern world-economy to the semi-periphery. Several global variants of such a transition have been analysed and a hybrid version has been proposed. Based on the analysis of Ukrainian export-import operations, the conclusion of our previous work of Ukraine being one of the periphery states has been confirmed. According to the global practice, for such states, there are two options for the transition to the semi-periphery. The first of them is the implementation of such systemic reforms that will allow for a considerable time to redistribute profits from international operations in their favour. This option is implemented in two forms. The first is authoritarian modernization (examples – Singapore, China). The second is reforms carried out with the broad support of the countries of the centre (an example is the European and Euro-Atlantic integration of the Central Europe countries). The second option is cooperation with the hegemonic state (USA) in the field of security and maintenance of order, for which such a state receives various support and access to the American sales market (examples - South Korea, Japan and the FRG, partly Turkey and Chile). It was concluded that the above options are unacceptable in a difficult Ukrainian case (chronic under-reforming, low quality of the Ukrainian elite, internal problems in the EU and the United States, a protracted conflict with the Russian Federation, etc.), thus there is a need for such an option that would combine the elements of all of the above – that is, a hybrid one. The proposed option assumes, firstly, the introduction of qualitatively new representatives into the Ukrainian elite, capable for systemic reforms, secondly, the continuation of European integration efforts, thirdly, strengthening cooperation with the United States in the security sphere, and fourthly, the activation of regional integration projects (primarily with Turkey and Poland). If efforts in one of the designated areas fail, then resources can be redirected to activate others without wasting precious time. As a conclusion, it was stated that the proposed hybrid version of Ukraine’s transition from the periphery to the semi-periphery looks like the only realistic way for Ukraine.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПОДГОТОВКИ КАДРОВ ДЛЯ ПЕНИТЕНЦИАРНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ В США

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Unterov ◽  
Elizaveta Eremeeva
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Training System ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Prison Systems ◽  
Correction System

Статья посвящена изучению зарубежного опыта подготовки кадров для пенитенциарных систем. Его анализ и рассмотрение возможности внедрения отдельных элементов направлены на совершенствование системы подготовки сотрудников для уголовно-исполнительной системы России, повышение их профессионального уровня, что в конечном счете будет способствовать достижению главной цели УИС - исправлению осужденных. Авторы особое внимание уделяют изучению специально-профессиональных и личностных качеств, необходимых сотрудникам пенитенциарных учреждений. В статье рассматриваются особенности подготовки сотрудников пенитенциарной системы в Соединенных Штатах Америки. Важнейшей задачей образовательных учреждений и центров по подготовке кадров для пенитенциарной системы США является обеспечение будущих сотрудников знаниями, необходимыми для выполнения профессиональных обязанностей в рамках предстоящей деятельности. Также авторы подчеркивают важность развития при подготовке будущих сотрудников не только профессиональных, но и личностных качеств.The article is devoted to the study of foreign experience in order to improve the training system for the Russian penal correction system. In particular, the training of prison officials in the United States of America is considered as one of the most developed States in the modern world. The improvement of the training process for the Russian penal correction system implies the development of international cooperation with the prison systems of foreign countries. The study of foreign experience of penitentiary education contributes to the improvement of the professional level of the staff of the Penal Correction Service and, ultimately, to the achievement of the main goal - correction of convicts. The authors pay particular attention to the study of specific professional and personal qualities required by potential prison staff. Since there have been significant positive changes in the formation of professional qualities of the future employee of the Russian penal correction system over the past decade, the main focus of the work is on the formation of personal (universal) qualities of the employee of the Federal Penal Correction Service of the Russian Federation, for which the positive experience of the United States is analyzed.

scholarly journals Presidency of Germany in the European Union as factor of development of European integration process (the second half 2020)

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-37
Author(s):  
Andrii Martynov
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
The United States ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Eu

The article is devoted to Germany’s presidency in the European Union in the second half of 2020. This was a critical period in the modern history of the process of European integration. Conflicting tendencies emerged during the negotiations on the terms of the Brexit. The budget policy of the European Union required approval. The key tasks of the German presidency were the internal problems of the European Union. But it was not possible to focus exclusively on immanent issues. The pandemic has exacerbated international problems. German diplomacy joined in the settlement of the Greek-Turkish controversy. Germany and France have reached a common position on an agreement on the terms of Britain’s withdrawal from the Brexit. Germany has reached a compromise on the adoption of the European Union budget for the period up to 2027. A large fund was created to support the European economy during the pandemic. Germany has set trends for the development of the European Union’s relations with key partners: the United States, Russia, and China. Germany welcomed Joseph Biden’s victory in the US presidential election. The European Union is considering resuming negotiations on a transatlantic free trade area with the United States. The EU and the US are ready to renew the Euro-Atlantic partnership. The interaction between the EU and the US is designed to protect liberal democracy in the modern world. With the assistance of Germany, the European Union has signed an investment agreement with China. Beijing has pledged to introduce social security guarantees and limit human rights abuses. Russia’s authoritarian threats remain a challenge to the European integration process. During Germany’s presidency of the European Union, the results of the presidential election in Belarus and the poisoning of Russian opposition politician Alexei Navalny became conflicting issues. The German presidency was successful. In the internal policy of the European Union it was possible to form a strategy of ecological renewal of the European economy. The success of the environmental modernization of the EU economy systematically depends on the internal capacity of elites and European societies to implement this course and on the favorable balance of power in a globalized world.

scholarly journals The Hard Path of Becoming a Visiting Scholar in the U.S.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Margherita Daho'
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Students ◽  
The United States ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Visiting Scholars

With globalization and the continual growth of studies abroad, many Ph.D. students apply to move to other countries for an exchange experience. Many students select the United States as their preferred destination, attracted by the perceived better quality of education. The United States also tries to attract international students to its colleges and universities. However, becoming a visiting scholar is very hard and takes considerable time. Applications and bureaucracy are cumbersome and major support is required, especially for international students. This article is a reflection on my experience planning an exchange experience in the United States during my Ph.D. I also offer recommendations for improving the experiences of international visiting scholars.

Climate and weather changes, agricultural prices and exports in the first quarter of 2021 in Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
O.S. Sobolev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Agricultural Prices ◽  
Export Duty ◽  
The World ◽  
Producer Prices ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Weather Changes ◽  
The Eu

The article presents the climatic and weather features of the sowing campaign in the 1st quarter of 2021. Formulas for forecasting grain resource balances in the Russian Federation for any perspective are presented. Producer prices for grain, milk, and meat in Russia, the EU, and the United States in the 1st quarter of 2021 are compared. The influence of the grain export duty on prices in the Russian Federation and in the world is analyzed.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF THE US MONETARY AND FINANCIAL HEGEMONY IN THE MODERN WORLD: BASIC INSTRUMENTS AND CHANNELS OF INFLUENCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
N.N. Muzlova ◽  
A.A. Latypov
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic History ◽  
World Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Imf

The purpose of the study is to determine the role of the USA dollar in the modern world and consider the monetary and financial instruments used by the United States to maintain its economic and political hegemony, as well as the possible consequences of using these instruments. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set in the work: to study the economic history of the dominance of the dollar, to determine the impact of monetary policy and financial instruments of the United States on the world economy, to analyze the role of the IMF in maintaining the financial hegemony of the United States. Scientific hypothesis of the study is that the dollar and the financial institutions of the United States are key components of the modern economic world order and substantiate the monetary and financial hegemony of the United States, which consists in the ability of the United States to control the world economy, influence the economic situation in different countries, and implement its geopolitical goals with the help of economic instruments. This article contains an analysis of the US foreign economic policy aimed at the maintaining the primacy of the United States in both the sphere of world monetary and financial relations and in the political dimension. The article provides a summary of the most important events in the economic history of the dollar: the collapse of the Bretton Woods system and the 2008 global financial crisis. Particular attention is paid to the financial instruments of US foreign policy influence, in particular, access to financial markets, investments, as well as the use of the IMF as an instrument for achieving US foreign policy goals. The scientific novelty lies in the approach to US geoeconomics, namely the imposition of the economic dimension on the political one. As a result, it is concluded that the US dollar, the Federal Reserve System and the IMF are indeed the most authoritative and significant components of the existing world economic system, using which the United States acts as a monetary and financial hegemon and has a wide range of tools to control the global financial system.

scholarly journals Global tendencies in pork meat - production, trade and consumption

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
István Szűcs ◽  
Viktoria Vida
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Pork Meat ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Second Year ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Eu

World meat production is anticipated to stagnate in 2016, rising by a mere 0.3% to 320.7 million tonnes. Increases in output are expected in the United States, Brazil, the EU, India and the Russian Federation, while reduced production is foreseen for China, Australia and South Africa. Global meat trade is forecast to recover in 2016, growing by 2.8% to 30.6 million tonnes, which would represent a return to trend, after a fall in 2015. World production of pig meat in 2016 is forecast to decrease marginally, by 0.7% to 116.4 million tonnes, thus registering a second year of virtual stagnation. As in 2015, lower output in China, which accounts for almost half the world total, is the main reason for the slowdown. An unfavourable feed-pork price ratio in the country and new environmental regulations have caused farmers to reduce breeding sows, stalling growth. China’s production is projected to be 54 million tonnes, down 2.5% from the previous year. Elsewhere in Asia, the Philippines and Vietnam could boost output. Also, production in Japan and the Republic of Korea may expand, as the industry recovers from outbreaks of PED, which reduced piglet numbers in the previous two years. Recovery from the effects of PED has been faster in the United States, where a second year of growth is anticipated, when production could increase by 1.9% to a record 11.3 million tonnes. Output in Mexico also continues to recover, following a PED outbreak in 2014, and may rise in 2016 by 2.0% to 1.3 million tonnes. Pork meat trade could experience a second year of growth, increasing by 4.4% to 7.5 million tonnes – a record level. Lower international prices have stimulated trade. Most of the principal importing countries are anticipated to increase their purchases, including Mexico, China, the Russian Federation, the United States, Japan, the Republic of Korea and Australia. In response to rising demand, exports are projected to grow, in particular those of the United States, Canada, the EU and Brazil (FAO, 2016). Summarizing, in this study we wish to examine how evolve the world pork meat production, trade and consumption, and to demonstrate the main consuming countries, highlighting the role of China, as it is the most populated country in the world with its 1.4 billion inhabitants. JEL Code: Q13, Q12

scholarly journals European Union Import Demand for In-Shell Peanuts

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 941-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tullaya Boonsaeng ◽  
Stanley M. Fletcher ◽  
Carlos E. Carpio
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
The United States ◽  
Import Demand ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The World ◽  
Expenditure Elasticity ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
The Eu

This paper analyzes the European Union (EU) import demand for in-shell peanuts from three sources: the United States, China, and the rest of the world. We find that peanuts from different sources are differentiated by EU consumers. The expenditure elasticity is elastic for U.S. in-shell peanuts, which is associated with their higher quality. The conditional own price elasticities are more elastic for U.S. and Chinese in-shell peanuts. These findings have at least two implications. First, U.S. producers and exporters should direct efforts to ensure that in-shell peanuts exported to the EU are of the best possible quality, and, second, promotion efforts should stress the quality of U.S peanuts as an advertising tool.

scholarly journals Complexities and prospects euro-atlantic policy L. D. Kuchma

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Maxim Vitrak
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Relations ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Building ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Eu

The article examines the Euro-Atlantic direction of Ukraine's foreign policy during Leonid Kuchma's tenure as President of Ukraine (1994-2004) and the peculiarities of the foreign policy "multi-vector". The historiography and the source base of the article are analyzed. The author of the article examines the evolution of foreign policy of L.D. Kuchma on the Euro-Atlantic direction. A brief analysis of the priorities of Leonid Kuchma's foreign policy is made. The author emphasizes on those cautious steps in foreign policy that Leonid Kuchma took to preserve Ukraine's sovereignty while maneuvering between such centers of geopolitical gravity as Russia, the EU and the United States of America. The influence of international factors on the process of Ukrainian state-building was noted, the main problems and peculiarities of Ukraine's becoming a subject of international relations were analyzed. In the article the author expresses his own belief that the personality of Leonid Kuchma played a significant role both in the achievements of Ukrainian diplomacy on the path of Euro-Atlantic integration and in failures along the way. Analyzing Leonid Kuchma's Euro-Atlantic strategy, the author concludes that even profile experts, especially those who criticize Kuchma's actions, do not fully understand the position of international partners, in particular, the economic and political pressure exerted by the governments of the United States of America., The European Union and the Russian Federation for the activities of the second President of Ukraine, and the existence of political arrangements, which have been reported recently in open sources, are not always taken into account. These factors were taken into account by the author of the article. It is argued that multi-vector politics have become a landmark in Ukrainian history. Studying this aspect of Ukraine's foreign policy will be useful and interesting for a wide range of specialists, a source for understanding the root causes of many contemporary problems in Ukraine.

scholarly journals SPECIAL ASPECTS OF THE MODERN WORLD ECONOMY: TRANSITION FROM A UNIPOLAR TO A MULTIPOLAR WORLD SYSTEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 356-360
Author(s):  
Irina V. Minakova ◽  
Tatyana N. Bukreeva ◽  
Оlga I. Solodukhina ◽  
Оlga G. Timofeeva
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
World Economy ◽  
World System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Financial Economic ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The World

This paper reveals the consequences of the unipolar system of the world economy provided by the United States leadership in the military-technological, financial-economic, geopolitical and information-ideological spheres. It was established that after the collapse of the socialist camp, the concepts of ‘humanitarian intervention’ and ‘spreading democracy’ were brought to the forefront. In practice, Western European countries have demonstrated their readiness to judge the solutions of domestic political disputes in other countries of the world, especially when it comes to geopolitically important countries. A series of ‘colour revolutions’ have become a demonstration of this policy. Therefore, the globalization of the modern world does not mean the homogenization of development indicators of countries’, but instead leads to further delamination and inequality. The gap between the world leaders and the rest of the world in terms of indicators reflecting the dynamics of the standard of living, the quality of life, scientific and technological progress, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, has significantly increased.It is illustrated that attempts of the US to consolidate its hegemony in the form of ‘leadership’ in the world had led to the erosion of international legal principles enshrined in the United Nations Charter. Therefore, the United States attempts to solve the problems in Iraq and Afghanistan unilaterally has failed.The objective and subjective signs of a global restructuring of the existing unipolar world system are revealed.

scholarly journals Level and quality of life in the context of the world economy

2021 ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
Vera Shumilina ◽  
Aleksandra Lermontova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
United States ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
World Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
The World ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The article considers such concepts as the level and quality of life, Describes the concept of the standard of living developed by the UN. The analysis is based on the rating of the level of countries compiled by the Legatum Institute. The influence of economic development of States on the standard of living of citizens is considered. A comparative characteristic of the standard of living in Russia and the United States is carried out, their similarities and differences in the criteria that determine the quality of life are revealed.

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