scholarly journals Stable word combinations сomprehensive dictionary as a source base for translation lexicographical works

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Part ◽  
Slavic Language ◽  
Romance Languages ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Theoretical Linguistics ◽  
On Line ◽  
Stable Combination

In Russian, Ukrainian, and Polish lexicographical work, all the preconditions for organizing a comprehensive stable word combinations dictionary have been formed. The these works registers in each Slavic linguistic school will have to be formed by various units of different types, which are characterized by the semantic integrity. First of all, it is planned to include word equivalents, phraseological units, terminological combinations, proverbs, sayings. The formed dictionaries will reflect the language processes dynamics because a significant part of their register units have a transitional status of existence, as a result of which this work will be useful for theoretical linguistics. However, first of all, the need of compiling this dictionary is caused by practical activities. In Russian, Ukrainian, and Polish basic monolingual dictionaries stable word combinations are presented quite fully, but the approaches to their organization are mostly understandable only to specialists. Users of these works have significant difficulties in finding any stable combination. This activity is somewhat facilitated by specialized dictionaries of various units, but even in this case, the user requires some linguistic training. Being organized according to a certain concept, a stable combinations comprehensive dictionary will greatly facilitate the user's search, especially translation activities, which are greatly complicated by the lack of dictionary registers for differently formed units. This is true for the translation from one Slavic language to another, as well as similar actions in the field of Slavic-Germanic and, of course, Slavic-Romance languages etc. In the proposed work it is proved that the compiled complex stable word combinations dictionaries in each separate Slavic language will become an important source for improvement of already created paper and on-line translation dictionaries.

Stability of On-Line Bin Packing with Random Arrivals and Long-Run-Average Constraints

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coastas Courcobetis ◽  
Richard Weber
Keyword(s):  
Bin Packing ◽  
Random Processes ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Condition ◽  
Expected Number ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Different Types ◽  
On Line ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Uniformly Bounded

Items of various types arrive at a bin-packing facility according to random processes and are to be combined with other readily available items of different types and packed into bins using one of a number of possible packings. One might think of a manufacturing context in which randomly arriving subassemblies are to be combined with subassemblies from an existing inventory to assemble a variety of finished products. Packing must be done on-line; that is, as each item arrives, it must be allocated to a bin whose configuration of packing is fixed. Moreover, it is required that the packing be managed in such a way that the readily available items are consumed at predescribed rates, corresponding perhaps to optimal rates for manufacturing these items. At any moment, some number of bins will be partially full. In practice, it is important that the packing be managed so that the expected number of partially full bins remains uniformly bounded in time. We present a necessary and sufficient condition for this goal to be realized and describe an algorithm to achieve it.

scholarly journals Corpus linguistics and its aplications in higher education

2010 ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Fuster Márquez ◽  
Begoña Clavel Arroitia
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Future Success ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Theoretical Linguistics ◽  
Relevant Factors

The aim of this paper is to review and analyse relevant factors related to the implementation of corpus linguistics (CL) in higher education. First we set out to describe underlying principles of CL and its developments in relation to theoretical linguistics and its applications in modern teaching practices. Then we attempt to establish how different types of corpora have contributed to the development of direct and indirect approaches in language teaching. We single out Data Driven Learning (DDL) due to its relevance in applied linguistics literature, and examine in detail advantages and drawbacks. Finally, we outline problems concerning the implementation of CL in the classroom since awareness of the limitations of CL is vital for its future success.

Toward a Typology of Normative Drug Users Based on Levels of Functioning, Justifications and Types of Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-258
Author(s):  
Moran Chassid-Segin ◽  
Keren Gueta ◽  
Natti Ronel
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Drug Usage ◽  
Level Of Functioning ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Levels Of Functioning

The study explores 29 individuals who described themselves as functioning normatively while using drugs on a regular basis. They defined their use as intensive, constant, and playing a significant part in their normative lives. The content analysis revealed a typology consisting of four different types of normative users: the socially connected users, the better coping users, the ambivalent users, and the recovering users. This typology was created on the basis of three axes: level of functioning, justification of use, style of use. Our typology highlights the differences between normative users with varying patterns of drug usage and levels of functioning, ranging from users who claim that drug use causes them no harm to those who acknowledge that drug use has significantly damaged their functioning. This typology places particular emphasis on normative users who are experiencing a range of difficulties and need specific forms of therapy to preserve their normative lives.

Non-Invasive On-Line Monitoring for Nuclear Power Plants Using Guided Waves Propagating in Steel Pipes With Different Types of Structural Complexity

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Bertoncini ◽  
Mauro Cappelli ◽  
Francesco Cordella ◽  
Marco Raugi
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Ultrasonic Waves ◽  
Steel Pipes ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Different Types ◽  
On Line

On-line monitoring for installed piping in Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs), as well as for Oil & Gas and other kind of plants, is crucial to early detect local ageing effects and locate single defects before they may result in critical failures. All the actions able to prevent failures are of great value especially if non-invasive and allowing an In-Service Inspection (ISI). In particular the Long Term Operation (LTO) and Plant Life Extension (PLEX) may be invalidated from radiation, thermal, mechanical stresses besides their own ageing. Hence on-line monitoring techniques are of much interest especially if they assure the required safety levels and at the same time are simple and cost-effective. Guided Waves (GW) satisfy these requirements since they are structure-borne ultrasonic waves that propagate themselves without interfering along the same pipe structure, which in turns through its geometric boundaries serves as a confining structure for the GW used to test its integrity. The frequencies used for GW testing extend up to 250 kHz, thus allowing a long-range inspection of pipes (tens of meters in favorable circumstances). The experimental conditions (e.g. temperature, complex piping structure, wall thickness, materials) have to be considered since they strongly affect the results but GW generated through magnetostrictive sensors are expected to overcome such issues due to their robustness and positioning ease. In this paper, new experimental tests conducted using the proposed methodology for steel pipes having different types of structural complexity are described.

scholarly journals Diversity statements for leveraging organizational legitimacy

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Val Singh ◽  
Sébastien Point1
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Organizational Legitimacy ◽  
Legitimacy Theory ◽  
Social Accounting ◽  
International Differences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Corporate Websites ◽  
Different Types ◽  
On Line ◽  
Design Diversity

Abstract European companies are increasingly putting “diversity statements” on corporate websites. Websites are important because they are used by members of the public, especially the younger generation, to seek information about companies. Legitimacy theory is often cited as one explanation for having good diversity policies, but we found no research in the diversity, HRM or social accounting literature with empirical evidence of different types of legitimacy associated with diversity. We examined on-line diversity statements from 174 top European companies for evidence of legitimacy-enhancing messages, and coded them by type of legitimacy. We show that diversity statements are presented in ways associated with two different types of legitimacy (pragmatic exchange and moral). International differences are also highlighted. These findings will help practitioners to design diversity statements based on a better understanding that legitimacy is a multi-faceted construct, and help them avoid the dangers of empty discourse, i.e. inconsistency between words and reality.

scholarly journals Studying Directionality in Simultaneous Interpreting through an Electronic Corpus: EPIC (European Parliament Interpreting Corpus)

2009 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Monti ◽  
Claudio Bendazzoli ◽  
Annalisa Sandrelli ◽  
Mariachiara Russo1
Keyword(s):  
European Parliament ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Romance Languages ◽  
Parallel Corpora ◽  
Simultaneous Interpreting ◽  
On Line ◽  
Open Parallel

Abstract Parallel corpora have long been awaited in simultaneous interpreting studies in order to validate existing theories and models. The present paper illustrates the development of the European Parliament Interpreting Corpus (EPIC), an open, parallel, multilingual (English, Italian and Spanish), POS-tagged corpus of European Parliament source speeches and simultaneously-interpreted target speeches. The aim of the project is to study recurrent lexical patterns and morphosyntactical structures across all the possible language combinations and directions, and verify empirically whether different strategies can be detected when interpreting from a Germanic language into a Romance one and vice-versa, or between two Romance languages. EPIC is freely available on-line for the research community to use and contribute to.

scholarly journals Syntactic Aspects of Lithuanian-Spanish Translation of Fiction and Scientific Texts

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-146
Author(s):  
Carmen Caro Dugo
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Direct Object ◽  
Romance Languages ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Spanish Translation ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Spanish Word ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Linguistic Means

Summary Translators, linguists and translation researchers often have to deal with subtle and sometimes complex syntactical aspects involved in translation. Properly conveying the structure and rhythm of a sentence or text in another language is a difficult task that requires a good understanding of syntactical aspects of both the source and the target language. The morphology of Lithuanian verbs and nouns, and specially its system of declensions and cases, without any doubt facilitates a relatively flexible word order. Many linguists also agree that word order in the Spanish sentence is also freer than in French, English or other modern languages. It has often been said that Spanish has the most flexible word order of all Romance languages. However, Spanish word order is by no means as free as in Lithuanian. A comparative study of Lithuanian texts and their translation into Spanish allows a better understanding of the syntactical differences between both languages. This article examines a case of syntactical inversion in Lithuanian: the displacement of the direct object and its location at the beginning of the sentence, and the translation of such sentences into Spanish. In Spanish the direct object usually follows the verb, except in the cases when that function is carried out by pronouns. In order to displace a direct object to the beginning of the sentence, Spanish syntactical structures should be used. In this article two stylistically different Lithuanian texts will be compared with their Spanish translation so as to identify the linguistic means used in each case. A comparative analysis of different types of texts is useful to reveal the Spanish syntactical structures chosen by the translators as well as certain tendencies in each specific context.

scholarly journals Video-based multimedia designs: A research study testing learning effectiveness

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Reiss
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
College Freshman ◽  
Study Guide ◽  
Study Guides ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Different Types ◽  
On Line ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Video Player ◽  
Audio Video

This paper summarizes research conducted on three computer-based video models’ effectiveness for learning based on memory and comprehension. In this quantitative study, a two-minute video presentation was created and played back in three different types of media players, for a sample of eighty-seven college freshman. The three players evaluated include a standard QuickTime video/audio player, a QuickTime player with embedded triggers that launched HTML-based study guide pages, and a Macromedia Flash-based video/audio player with a text field, with user activated links to the study guides as well as other interactive on-line resources. An assumption guiding this study was that the enhanced designs presenting different types of related information would reinforce the material and produce better comprehension and retention. However, findings indicate that the standard video player was the most effective overall, which suggests that media designs able to control the focus of a learner’s attention to one specific stream of information, a single-stream focused approach, may be the most effective way to present media-based content. Résumé: Cet article résume une étude vérifiant l’efficacité de l’apprentissage basé sur la mémorisation et la compréhension, conduite à partir de trois modèles basés sur la vidéo informatisée. Dans cette étude quantitative, une vidéo de deux minutes a été créée et lue sur trois types de lecteurs différents, pour un échantillon de 87 étudiants universitaires de première année. Les trois lecteurs évalués comprenaient un lecteur standard audio/vidéo Quicktime, un lecteur Quicktime avec déclencheurs intégrés qui lançait un guide d’étude en HTML, et un lecteur audio/vidéo Flash Macromedia avec un champ texte, comprenant des liens activés par l’usager vers des guides d’étude et d’autres ressources interactives en ligne. Une supposition guidant cette étude était que les designs enrichis présentant différents types d’informations interreliées renforceraient le matériel et produiraient une meilleure compréhension et une meilleure rétention. Cependant, les résultats indiquent que le lecteur vidéo standard était le plus efficace, ce qui suggère que les designs de médias concentrant l’attention de l’apprenant sur une source d’information spécifique seraient la meilleure façon de présenter du contenu médiatisé.

Data acquisition and processing for automated electron microscopy

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 546-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.L. Krivanek ◽  
W.J. de Ruijter ◽  
C.E. Meyer ◽  
M.L. Leber ◽  
J. Wilbrink
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Processing Abilities ◽  
On Line ◽  
Data Acquisition And Processing

Automated electron microscopy promises to perform many tasks better and faster than a human operator. It should also allow the operator to concentrate on the larger picture without having to worry about countless details that can be best handled by a computer. It requires three essential components: 1) data acquisition system that provides the computer with high-quality data on line, 2) computer and software able to analyze the incoming data in real time, and 3) control links that enable the computer to adjust the important microscope parameters.An optimized system architecture is shown schematically in Fig. 1. The microscope is equipped with various microprocessors that control its hardware, and provide data processing abilities devoted to different types of signals (e.g., X-ray spectra). These microprocessors use a standardized communication protocol to communicate over a standard network (such as AppleTalk or Ethernet) with a “master computer”, which provides the user interface, as well as the computing power necessary to handle the most demanding tasks.

Using Moodle Platform Online to Work out on Solving Multiple Options Questions on Microeconomics

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Isabel Novo-Corti ◽  
Laura Varela-Candamio ◽  
María Ramil-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Choice ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Good Level ◽  
Experience Teaching ◽  
Analytical Foundation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
On Line ◽  
Base Data

Along with experience teaching microeconomics, the authors have found that the accuracy of the concepts used and graphic tools, as well as the broad mathematical analytical foundation used by this discipline, draw a stage where some students may feel lost, particularly when they face multiple choice questions. That’s why it’s not unusual to find some people that are not able to get good marks, even when they have a quite good level on microeconomics knowledge. This work deals with an on-line training, based on Moodle platform, to provide students some tools to achieve the best results on their qualifications. The authors used a base data with multiple choice questions on microeconomics to train on solving this kind of questions. The authors presented three different types of questions, based on graphics, on mathematics and on understanding and internalization of microeconomic concepts. Results have shown that this is a practical way to get success in examinations. At the same time, some interesting differences were found on behaviour paths for women, who seem need less time to review the lessons, and men.

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