scholarly journals Attitudinal Determinants of diet and lifestyle among African and Caribbean women living in the UK : study design and rationale

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
Amanda Rodrigues Amorim Adegboye ◽  
Amanda P Moore ◽  
Stefania Comegna ◽  
Ihab Tewfik ◽  
Alizon Draper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Caribbean Women ◽  
Attitudinal Factors ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle

The aim of this article is to describe the rationale and design of a cross-sectional study that investigated the influence of attitudinal factors on diet and lifestyle of African and Caribbean women living in the UK. The results of the study will be presented elsewhere. African and Caribbean women are at high risk of obesity which exacerbates health inequalities. In the UK, little work has been carried out to better understand attitudinal factors that contribute towards obesity, lifestyle and health practice amongst this group. Methods: The study applied a comprehensive questionnaire to capture socio-demographic data and explore general attitudes towards diet and lifestyle of African and Caribbean women. Dietary data were collected using triple-pass 24-hour recalls. In addition, all participants had anthropometric measures, blood pressure and biochemical indices assessed using standardised methods. Discussion:  Potential strengths and limitations of the current study design, exploring health, diet, and lifestyle habits and the contextual influence on these practices among African and Caribbean in the UK are discussed. Findings from this study will contribute to the understanding of food and health practices, the role of socio-cultural factors and potential barriers and facilitators to the adoption of a healthy lifestyle, which could reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, obesity, and type 2 diabetes, all of which have increased prevalence in these communities

scholarly journals Predictors of Counselling Related to a Healthy Lifestyle Carried Out by a General Practitioner

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Znyk ◽  
Kinga Polańska ◽  
Piotr Wojtysiak ◽  
Michał Szulc ◽  
Leokadia Bąk-Romaniszyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Control ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sufficient Knowledge ◽  
Lifestyle Counselling ◽  
Lifestyle Recommendations ◽  
Lifestyle Related Diseases

The aim of the study was to assess whether general practitioners (GPs) monitor and evaluate the health behavior of their patients in the field of a diet, physical activity, and weight control, and whether they provide appropriate counselling as part of this evaluation. Predictors of those activities among physicians were also determined. The cross-sectional study was conducted in the Piotrkowski district among 200 GPs. The questionnaire covered socio-demographic data and lifestyle characteristics of the physicians, their role as healthy lifestyle providers, and whether they assess lifestyle characteristics of their patients and perform healthy lifestyle counselling. More than 60% of the GPs did not evaluate lifestyle features during their patients’ examination. In total, 56% of the GPs provided healthy lifestyle recommendations among patients who have not been diagnosed with chronic lifestyle-related diseases but who do not follow healthy recommendations, and 73% of GPs provided recommendations to patients with chronic diseases related to lifestyle. The study showed that the chance to assess lifestyle characteristics of the patients was significantly higher for the GPs who believed that they were obliged to do so (OR = 6.5; p = 0.002). The chance to recommend a healthy lifestyle among patients who have not been diagnosed with chronic lifestyle-related diseases but who do not follow healthy recommendations was 5.9 times higher among the GPs working in the public sector (p < 0.001) and 16.3 times higher for these who believed that they had sufficient knowledge to provide the advice (p = 0.02). The following predictors of providing a healthy lifestyle counselling among patients with diagnosed chronic lifestyle-related diseases were identified: conviction that a GPs is obligated to provide it (OR = 4.4; p = 0.02), sufficient knowledge (OR = 8.7; p = 0.01), and following health recommendations by themselves (OR = 3.9; p = 0.04). Conclusions: The identified predictors are crucial for the development of appropriate strategies aiming at increasing GPs’ involvement in preventive measures and consequently at improving the population’s health.

scholarly journals Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire: association with BMI in children aged 3–10 years from Bosnia and Herzegovina

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 3360-3367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razija Spahić ◽  
Nurka Pranjić
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Child Bmi

AbstractObjective:To evaluate differences in children’s eating behaviour in relation to their weight status.Design:Prospective, cross-sectional study. Anthropometric measures were taken and age- and sex-adjusted BMI percentiles and Z-scores were calculated according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations to assess weight status. Parents completed a questionnaire which included demographic data and the Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) to assess eating behaviour.Setting:Tuzla Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina (September 2016–September 2017).Participants:Male and female children aged 3–10 years and one of their parents.Results:The study sample comprised 2500 children; 6·8 % of them were underweight and 14·4 % were overweight, while there were 14·8 % obese children and 64·0 % had normal weight. The factor analysis of CEBQ revealed an eight-factor solution. Significant differences in CEBQ subscale scores were found within BMI categories for all CEBQ subscales except Food Fussiness. On the other hand, child BMI Z-scores showed a linear increase with the ‘food approach’ subscales of the CEBQ, except the Desire to Drink subscale which was excluded from analysis, and a decrease with ‘food avoidant’ subscales.Conclusions:The present study suggests that the CEBQ is valuable for identifying specific eating styles that are associated with weight status and can be seen as important and modifiable determinants implicated in the development and maintenance of overweight/obesity as well as underweight.

scholarly journals Predicting Factors of Interpersonal and Situational Influences for Performing Stretching Exercises Based on Pender’s Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Delshad ◽  
Sedigheh Sadat Tavafian ◽  
Anoshirvan Kazemnejad
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Situational Influences ◽  
Office Employees ◽  
Stretching Exercises

Background: Physical activity affects office employees in achieving a healthy lifestyle and preventing diseases such as Musculoskeletal Diseases (MSDS). Combining sports such as stretching exercises in healthy lifestyle programs is one of the most important decisions to prevent such disease.Purpose: This study aimed to predict factors of interpersonal and situational influences for stretching exercise (SE) among office employees at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 420 office employees recruited by multi-stage cluster sampling. Self-administered questionnaires of SE and interpersonal and situational influences based on Pender’s Health Promotion Model, as well as socio-demographic data, were used in this study. The collected data were analyzed using Spearman correlation and logistic regression tests.Results: Results showed that among 420 participants, the scores of interpersonal and situational influences, and SE were 4.6±11.52, 4.5±14.21, and 2.48±17.64, respectively. There was a significant relationship between interpersonal influence and SE (r=0.54; p<0.05), and undergoing treatment and SE (r=0.77; p<0.05). There was no relationship between situational influence and SE (r=0.107; p>0.05), and interpersonal influences were a strong predictor for SE behavior.Conclusion: This study showed that the office employees who were more interpersonal influencers were more likely to do stretching exercise behavior. Therefore, interpersonal factors could be used as an educational principle in facilitating admission behavior of SE regarding Pender’s Model.

scholarly journals Prevalence and characteristics of gastrointestinal infections in men who have sex with men diagnosed with rectal chlamydia infection in the UK: an ‘unlinked anonymous’ cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 518-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwenda Hughes ◽  
Panida Silalang ◽  
John Were ◽  
Hemanti Patel ◽  
Tristan Childs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chlamydia Infection ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
The Uk

IntroductionGastrointestinal infections (GII) can cause serious ill health and morbidity. Although primarily transmitted through faecal contamination of food or water, transmission through sexual activity is well described, especially among men who have sex with men (MSM).MethodsWe investigated the prevalence of GIIs among a convenience sample of MSM who were consecutively diagnosed with rectal Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) at 12 UK genitourinary medicine clinics during 10 weeks in 2012. Residual rectal swabs were coded, anonymised and tested for Shigella, Campylobacter, Salmonella, shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli and enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) using a real-time PCR. Results were linked to respective coded and anonymised clinical and demographic data. Associations were investigated using Fisher's exact tests.ResultsOf 444 specimens tested, overall GII prevalence was 8.6% (95% CI 6.3% to 11.6%): 1.8% (0.9% to 3.6%) tested positive for Shigella, 1.8% (0.9% to 3.6%) for Campylobacter and 5.2% (3.5% to 7.7%) for EAEC. No specimens tested positive for Salmonella or other diarrhoeagenic E. coli pathotypes. Among those with any GII, 14/30 were asymptomatic (2/7 with Shigella, 3/6 with Campylobacter and 9/17 with EAEC). Shigella prevalence was higher in MSM who were HIV-positive (4.7% (2.1% to 10.2%) vs 0.5%(0.1% to 3.2%) in HIV-negative MSM; p=0.01).ConclusionsIn this small feasibility study, MSM with rectal CT appeared to be at appreciable risk of GII. Asymptomatic carriage may play a role in sexual transmission of GII.

Knee-to-Knee position for oral examination in infants and toddlers: an assessment of attitude & practice of Pediatric Dentists in Bengaluru city.

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Dr. AishwaryaChidambareshwar ◽  
Dr. UmmeAzher ◽  
Dr. Santhosh T Paul ◽  
Dr. Divya Reddy C
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Examination ◽  
Infants And Toddlers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Very Young Children ◽  
Knee Position ◽  
Pediatric Dentists ◽  
Oral Hygiene Instructions

Background: The oral examination and treatment of infants and toddlers during the first and the subsequent visits can be challenging. This warrants the use of an examination technique that is comfortable for the dentist, parent and child. The Knee-to-Knee position is one among the various positions facilitating an infants and toddler’s dental examination Objectives: To assess the attitude of Pediatric Dentists towards the use of Knee-to-Knee position for oral examination and minor procedures in infants and toddlers. Study design: A Descriptive cross-sectional study design was performed. Methodology: Pre-validated questionnaires assessing demographic data, professional experience and attitude towards the “Knee-to-Knee” position were distributed to about 62 Pediatric dentists in Bengaluru city. Results: About 90.3% and 78.3% of the participants reported using “Kneeto-Knee” positionfor dental check-ups and other procedures (Interim restorative procedure and oral hygiene instructions-most common) respectively. Conclusion: “Knee-to-Knee” position was found to be convenient for dental examinations and other simple procedures in very young children.

Breakfast Skipping Is an Independent Predictor of Obesity but not Overweight Among Children in a Southeastern European Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 242-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genc Burazeri ◽  
Jolanda Hyska ◽  
Iris Mone ◽  
Enver Roshi
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
European Population ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Communist Country ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breakfast Skipping

Abstract.Aim: To assess the association of breakfast skipping with overweight and obesity among children in Albania, a post-communist country in the Western Balkans, which is undergoing a long and difficult political and socioeconomic transition towards a market-oriented economy. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional study was carried out in Albania in 2013 including a representative sample of 5810 children aged 7.0 – 9.9 years (49.5% girls aged 8.4 ± 0.6 years and 51.5% boys aged 8.5 ± 0.6 years; overall response rate: 97%). Children were measured for height and weight, and body mass index (BMI) calculated. Cut-off BMI values of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) were used to define overweight and obesity in children. Demographic data were also collected. Results: Upon adjustment for age, sex, and place of residence, breakfast skipping was positively related to obesity (WHO criteria: OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.3–1.9; IOTF criteria: OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.4–2.5), but not overweight (OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.9–1.3 and OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.9–1.4, respectively). Furthermore, breakfast skipping was associated with a higher BMI (multivariable-adjusted OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.02–1.07). Conclusions: Our findings point to a strong and consistent positive relationship between breakfast skipping and obesity, but not overweight, among children in this transitional southeastern European population. Future studies in Albania and other transitional settings should prospectively examine the causal role of breakfast skipping in the development of overweight and obesity.

The Prevalence of Insecticide Treated Net/malaria :cross section study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanda Chalela
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
Malaria Patient ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Itn Use ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

BACKGROUND ABSTRACT Introduction a study on prevalence of ITN use was carried out in Buchi community Kitwe Zambia from August to October 2019 OBJECTIVE Prevalence of ITN in BUchi METHODS Methodology: This was a cross sectional study design. A structured questionnaire was used to ascertain ownership and utilization and oral interviews, 200 households were targeted 844 individual covered across the 200 households. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23. RESULTS ABSTRACT Introduction a study on prevalence of ITN use was carried out in Buchi community Kitwe Zambia from August to October 2019 Methodology: This was a cross sectional study design. A structured questionnaire was used to ascertain ownership and utilization and oral interviews, 200 households were targeted 844 individual covered across the 200 households. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23. Findings: household ownership of at least an ITN was 52% and individual utilization at 37.6%, with 0.825 ITN/households and 0.195ITN /individual. Malaria prevalence of 52.4% /household and a 12.4% of the population. With 47.6% malaria patient coming from households with ITN and 60% of households with ITN have insufficient coverage.61% of malaria patient were female and 31 % male. however there was no significant relation between Gender and malaria prevalence in study area (p value was >0.05). Malaria cases distribution with age groups, 0-15yrs old represented 49.5%, 16-30 yrs., was at 27.6% and the over 30 yrs. case were at 22.9% .use of other preventive measures 23% used mosquito repellent ,others methods 1% with those not using any other methods 76%. CONCLUSIONS Conclusion The study showed clearly that malaria still poses a problem .the prevalence rate of malaria was still high 12.4% of the population and 52.4% of households. With high prevalence of malaria of 49.5% for 0-15yrs.the difference between ownership 52% and Utilization 37.6% showed that even household with ITN, the ITN were not sufficient.60% of households with ITN, the ITN were not sufficient for all occupants

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