scholarly journals Spectrophotometric determining of caffeine content in the selection of teas, soft and energy drinks available on the Croatian market

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-330
Author(s):  
N. Vuletic ◽  
L. Bardic ◽  
R. Odzak
Keyword(s):  
Black Tea ◽  
Energy Drinks ◽  
Energy Drink ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Caffeine Concentration ◽  
Beverage Samples ◽  
Caffeine Content ◽  
Carbonated Soft Drinks ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Selection Of

This study aimed to determine concentrations of caffeine in the samples of the selected brands of teas, soft carbonated and energy drinks that are commercially available on the Croatian market. Quantitative analysis of caffeine content in the chosen beverage samples was done with UV/Vis spectrophotometric method. Chloroform was used as the solvent and concentrations of caffeine were measured at the wavelength of 274 nm for three samples of each of the selected beverages. Among the analyzed tea samples the highest caffeine concentration was found in Franck's Black Tea (1471.021 ppm) and the lowest in Naturavita's Green Tea with Ginger (588.138 ppm). Between the analyzed carbonated soft drinks, the highest caffeine concentration was measured in Fresh Cola (136.036 ppm) and the lowest in Sky Cola (48.198 ppm). The highest caffeine concentration in the analyzed energy drink samples was measured in Hell energy drink (394.670 ppm) while the lowest was in Coca Cola Energy drink (173.574 ppm). The results of this study gave preliminary information about caffeine levels in often consumed teas, carbonated soft drinks and energy drinks in Croatia. The caffeine content in the analyzed teas and drink samples in this study was under the allowed one except for Red Bull and Hell.

scholarly journals Rapid High-Performance Liquide Chromatographic Method for Quantitative Determination of Caffeine in Different Soft and Energy Drinks Available in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1081-1089
Author(s):  
Juthi Mirza ◽  
Masuda Sultana ◽  
Md. Esrafil ◽  
Shamoli Akter ◽  
Md. Jahangir Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Energy Drinks ◽  
Energy Drink ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Caffeine Content ◽  
And Control

Caffeine is one of the commonly used food additives, which has unique flavor characteristics and bitter taste and used in soft drinks as flavor enhancer. An experimental study was designed to determine the concentration of caffeine in different brands of soft drinks and energy drinks available in Bangladesh by using HPLC. For chromatographic analysis, A Luna 5 C18 (2) 100A column (250×4.6 mm) was used at 37°C temperature at the wavelength of 272nm. Chromatographic separation was determined using buffer of sodium acetate and acetic acid with acetonitrile at a ratio of 80:20 (pH=4.0; flow rate of 1.0 ml/min). The results of this study showed that caffeine content in soft drinks ranged from 19.63 to 101.73 mg/100ml and highest concentration of caffeine found in brand 3 samples while lowest concentration found in brand 2 samples. Significantly higher concentration of caffeine (p<0.05) found in six soft drinks sample when compared to BSTI and FDA reference value except brand 2 sample (p>0.05). Quantification of caffeine in different brands of energy drink sample revealed that, four brand sample contained caffeine; among them brand 3 sample showed the highest levels of caffeine 295.86 mg/100ml and lowest amount found in brand 1 sample (101.74 mg/100ml). Concentration of Caffeine in soft and energy drinks exceeded the national and international standard recommended range hence this proposed HPLC method can be used for routine determination and control of caffeine content in different drinks.

scholarly journals Determination of Caffeine and Taurine Contents in Energy Drinks by HPLC-UV

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 66-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Prasad Rai ◽  
Hasta Bahadur Rai ◽  
Santosh Dahal ◽  
Saroj Chaudhary ◽  
Suraj Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Energy Drinks ◽  
Energy Drink ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Caffeine Content

Energy drinks are non-alcoholic beverage intended to enhance the psycho-physiological responses in human, which is especially popular among young generation in Nepal. It is normally high caffeinated drink added with other ingredients such as carbohydrates, amino acids, B-group of vitamins etc. In this study, 10 brands of energy drink available in Nepalese markets were taken then analyzed for quantitative determination of Caffeine and Taurine by HPLC-UV method. From the result obtained, pH and TSS values of energy drinks were found in the range of 2.96-3.81 and 6.64-18.21 respectively. Likewise, the Caffeine and Taurine content in same samples were found in the range of not detected (ND) to 35.78 mg/100 ml and ND to 387.5 mg/100 ml respectively. Only the 6 samples out of 10 were confi rmed caffeine content as per claimed in label, while only 3 samples were confi rmed for Taurine content as per label claimed. Based on this pilot study, the majority of samples did not meet the label claims in term of Caffeine and Taurine, which apparently indicated the misbranding of such drinks. Since, there is no any regulation for such energy drinks in Nepal, it seems to be a great challenge for regulation of their safety and misbranding.

scholarly journals Quick and simultaneous determination of caffeine and taurine in beverages using UPLC-ESI-MS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Mohd Aftab Alam ◽  
Rayan Saud Al-Arifi ◽  
Abdulaziz Abdullah Al-Qarni ◽  
Abdullah Shaya Al-Dosseri ◽  
Fahad Ibrahim Al-Jenoobi
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Energy Drinks ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Energy Drink ◽  
Molecular Ions ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Cone Voltage ◽  
Esi Ms

A rapid UPLC-ESI-MS method was developed for simultaneous determination of caffeine and taurine in beverages (energy drinks and soft drinks). The molecular ions of caffeine and taurine were identified in single ion recording mode at m/z 194.98 and 125.86, respectively. The mass spectrometer parameters were optimized as: capillary voltage 3.0 kV, cone voltage 35 V, extractor 3 V, RF Lens 0.1 V, source temperature 150 °C, desolvation temperature 350 °C, nitrogen 600 L/h, LMR1 7.9, HMR1 15.2, IE1 0.30. The mobile phase comprising methanol (0.1% formic acid) (A) and water (5 mM ammonium acetate) (B) was used in gradient mode. The mobile phase components A and B were pumped in 80:20 (v:v) ratio from 0-0.44 min, and then 100% of component A was pumped between 0.45-0.68 min, and at 0.69 min the composition was returned to 80:20 (v:v) ratio of A and B till 2.0 min. Caffeine and taurine were eluted at 0.46 and 0.43 min, respectively. The samples of energy drinks and soft drinks were diluted in a solvent system comprising methanol and water in 80:20 (v:v) ratio. Our investigations showed that soft drinks SD1 and SD2 have 88.8±4.2% and 110.7±3.6% (w:w) caffeine of their labeled claim. The caffeine content in energy drink brands ED1, ED2, ED3, and ED4 was 76.9±2.5, 65.6±3.4, 88.1±12.6, and 89.1±2.8% (w:w) of labeled claims, respectively. While taurine content in ED1, ED2, ED3, and ED4 was 86.5±8.4, 81.3±27.5, 101.9±4.8, and 97.1±0.3% (w:w) of labeled claim, respectively.

scholarly journals Distribution patterns of polyphenols and alkaloids in instant coffee, soft and energy drinks, and tea

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 483-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Manchón ◽  
L. Mateo-Vivaracho ◽  
D. Arrigo M ◽  
A. García-Lafuente ◽  
E. Guillamón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Tea ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Energy Drinks ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Instant Coffee ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Phytochemical Profiles

A previously developed method of HPLC-DAD-Fl has been used for the determination of phytochemical profiles in different types of drinks: instant coffee, soft drinks, energy drinks, and different types of tea (green, white, black, and red tea). Using data on the concentrations of 20 main phytochemicals (phenolic acids, flavan-3-ols, flavonols, flavones, and alkaloids) it was possible to identify most of the sample types. Chlorogenic and caffeic acids, and caffeine are the main target compounds in instant coffee; in soft and energy drinks, only caffeine was found. Tea has a more complex phytochemical composition. Unfermented tea is mainly composed of flavan-3-ols and alkaloids, with a high caffeine concentration. Black tea is composed of alkaloids and low levels of flavan-3-ols, which are affected by oxidative reactions during the fermentation. Flavonols are present in lower concentrations in all kinds of teas. The identified phytochemical distribution patterns were used to correctly differentiate instant coffee, soft drinks, energy drinks, unfermented tea and fermented tea (within fermented tea, black tea from red tea can also be differentiated).

scholarly journals Determination of Caffeine Content in Commercial Energy Beverages Available in Saudi Arabian Market by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometric Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mohammed Al-Bratty ◽  
Hassan A. Alhazmi ◽  
Zia ur Rehman ◽  
Sadique A. Javed ◽  
Waquar Ahsan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Energy Drinks ◽  
Energy Drink ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Caffeine Content ◽  
Validation Parameters

The popularity of energy beverages among young adult population is high. These drinks are claimed to boost energy and performance and contain high concentration of caffeine as one of the several ingredients. Discrepancies have been encountered by some of the previous studies between the actual quantity of caffeine present in the product and the amount mentioned on the label, making the determination of caffeine content in these drinks very important. Thus, in this study, we analyzed the caffeine concentration in most popular energy drinks available in Saudi Arabia. The energy drink samples (n = 9) were procured from retail outlets. Sample solutions were prepared in methanol and analyzed for caffeine content by GC-MS. Chromatographic parameters were optimized to achieve optimum resolution and various validation parameters were evaluated. The method was successfully applied for the quantification of caffeine in energy drinks by directly injecting the multifold diluted samples in methanol. The method was linear (r2 = 0.999) over a concentration range of 5–25 µg/mL, specific, precise (%RSD of peak area = 0.56–0.78), and accurate (%recovery = 99.3–101.2%). The amounts of caffeine determined were found in the range of 20.82–33.72 mg/100 mL (52.05–84.3 mg/pack). Results revealed that the amount of caffeine actually present in the tested drinks varied within ±10% range from the amount specified on the product labels. The amounts of caffeine detected in tested beverages were within the USFDA safe upper limit of per-day caffeine consumption, which has indicated that the consumption of one serving of energy drink is unlikely to produce any adverse health effect.

scholarly journals The Effects of Prices, Advertising, Expenditures, and Demographics on Demand for Nonalcoholic Beverages

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail M. Okrent ◽  
Joanna P. MacEwan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Drinks ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Demand System ◽  
Demographic Composition ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Carbonated Soft Drinks ◽  
Declining Demand ◽  
Purchasing Patterns ◽  
Nonalcoholic Beverages

We estimate a demand system for ten nonalcoholic beverages to disentangle effects of prices, expenditures, advertising, and demographics on demand for nonalcoholic beverages for 1999 through 2010. We find that changes in demographic composition of the population between 1999 and 2008 played a much bigger role in observed purchasing patterns for recently introduced beverages like soy, rice, and almond drinks, isotonic and energy drinks, and bottled water whereas changes in prices and advertising expenditures largely explained declining demand for milk, regular carbonated soft drinks, and coffee and tea. However, between 2008 and 2010, declining demand for most nonalcoholic beverages was largely driven by income-led decreases in expenditures.

scholarly journals Determination of Caffeine in Beverages Found in Bangladeshi Market by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-666
Author(s):  
G. M. M. Anwarul Hasan ◽  
Anuj Kumer Das
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Energy Drinks ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Caffeine Content

Caffeine, a phycostimulant is present in several foods and drinks.In the present study, beverages of different brands in Bangladeshi market were analyzed for caffeine by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using methanol-water (40:60, v/v) as mobile phase. Caffeine content ranged from 16.33 -19.33 mg/can in soft drinks and 45.66-47.33 mg/can in energy drinks respectively. These data indicated that the levels of caffeine in Bangladeshi soft drinks and energy drinks are within the ranges reported from similar products in other countries.

scholarly journals Guaraná's Journey from Regional Tonic to Aphrodisiac and Global Energy Drink

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Smith ◽  
André Luiz Atroch
Keyword(s):  
Energy Drinks ◽  
Energy Drink ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Paullinia Cupana ◽  
Caffeine Content ◽  
Excessive Intake

Guaraná (Paullinia cupanaH.B.K., Sapindaceae) is a rainforest vine that was domesticated in the Amazon for its caffeine-rich fruits. Guaraná has long been used as a tonic and to treat various disorders in Brazil and abroad and became a national soda in Brazil about a century ago. In the last two decades or so, guaraná has emerged as a key ingredient in various ‘sports’ and energy drinks as well as concoctions that allegedly boost one's libido. For some time, guaraná's high caffeine content was thought to be a detriment because of health concerns about excessive intake of caffeine-rich drinks. But it is precisely this quality, and the fact that it has a mysterious name and comes from an exotic land, that has propelled guaraná into a global beverage.

Separation and Detection of Caffeine, Theophylline and Theobromine from Coffee Varieties, Carbonated Soft Drinks and Alcoholic Beverages

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2704-2707
Author(s):  
Delia Nica Badea ◽  
Codrina Levai
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Instrumental Method ◽  
Spectral Library ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Carbonated Soft Drinks ◽  
Mass Detector ◽  
Methyl Xanthine

The paper evaluates the presence of methyl xanthine compounds: caffeine, theophylline, theobromine used as ingredients in carbonated soft drinks or as color and flavor ingredients in alcoholic beverages. The active components extracted from the selected products (coffee, tea, drinks) was separated and identified chromatographically using plates with silica nano -Sil NH2 / UV-254, mobile phase ethanol - water (50: 1, 50: 3, 50: 5; 50: 7; v / v) and 60 F254 plates, mobile phase acetone-toluene-chloroform (40:30:30 v / v). Separated caffeine and identified by TLC was analyzed using a HelWet Packard 5890 Gas Chromatograph equipped with MS 5972 mass detector and spectral library to confirm identification. This simple and rapid TLC, GC / MS instrumental method is useful in controlling traces of methyl xanthine compounds in food as a food safety measure.is useful in controlling traces compound of food products containing methylxanthines as a food safety measure.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document