scholarly journals Lest We Remember/“Lest We Forget”: Gallipoli as Exculpatory Memory

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Bevan-Smith
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
World War I ◽  
Army Corps ◽  
World War ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Gallipoli Peninsula

Before the build-up to the centenary of the 1915 invasion of Turkey’s Gallipoli Peninsula begins in earnest, I thought it might be timely to interrogate the notion that those of us who live in Australasia are confronted with every Anzac Day: that it was on April 25, 1915, the day the Australia New Zealand Army Corps (Anzacs) landed at Gallipoli as part of the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force, that the consciousness of nationhood was born in Australia and New Zealand, This foundational idea, with specific application to Australia, was first published nine years after the event by Charles Bean, the Australian Government’s official World War I historian who is also regarded as having created the Anzac legend. On a broader view, World War I was, for Bean, about freedom, and more broadly still, about the survival of civilisation. 

THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND CORPS IN EGYPT BEFORE LANDING AT GALLIPOLI IN 1915

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (72) (4) ◽  
pp. 86-96
Author(s):  
V.V. Mikhailov
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
World War I ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Army Corps ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gallipoli Peninsula ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
New Zealanders

The history of the Australian and new Zealand corps (ANZAC) in preparation for the landing on the Gallipoli Peninsula in the Egyptian training camps is studied. The relationship between the rank and file of the corps is analyzed. The study examines the living conditions and relationships of Australians and new Zealanders with the local population in and around Cairo. The study examines the training of corps units in training and exercises, the attitude of soldiers and officers to the quality of training of corps troops, as well as the participation of troops of the Australian-new Zealand army corps in the repulse of the Turkish offensive on the Suez canal in February 1915. An overview of the actions of the landing command to concentrate ANZAC forces in Mudros Bay (Lemnos) before the start of the landing at Gallipoli is given. The article makes extensive use of archival materials of the Australian War Memorial and British archives, the official history of Australia’s participation in world war I, diary entries and letters of Australians and new Zealanders who participated in the first convoy from Australia to Alexandria (Egypt), Russian and foreign research on the initial stage of the Gallipoli operation of the allied forces of the Entente against the Ottoman Empire..

scholarly journals Between Anzac Day and Waitangi Day

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-438
Author(s):  
Anna Czerwińska
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Army Corps ◽  
World War ◽  
World War One ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Treaty Of Waitangi ◽  
British Colony ◽  
Gallipoli Peninsula ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract This paper discusses the historical background and significance of the two most important national holidays in New Zealand: Waitangi Day and Anzac Day. Waitangi Day is celebrated on the 6th February and it commemorates the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi between British representatives and a number of Māori chiefs in 1840. Following the signing of the treaty New Zealand became effectively a British colony. Anzac Day is celebrated on 25th April, i.e., on the anniversary of the landing of soldiers of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) on the Gallipoli peninsula in Turkey in 1915, during World War One. There are three major differences between these two holidays: the process of those days becoming national holidays, the level of contestation, and the changing messages they have carried. The present study analyzes the national discourse around Anzac Day and Waitangi Day in New Zealand, and attempts to reveal how the official New Zealand government rhetoric about national unity becomes deconstructed. The following analysis is based on a selection of online articles from the New Zealand Herald and Stuff published in Auckland and Wellington, respectively. Both cities are populated by multi-ethnic groups, with Auckland featuring the largest Māori population.

The First Italo-Ethiopian Clash over the Control of Eritrea and the Origins of Rome’s Imperialism

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-112
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Mavropoulos
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
World War ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Colonial Policies

In the wake of Italy’s unification, the country’s expansionist designs were aimed, as expected, toward the opposite shore of the Mediterranean. The barrage of developments that took place in this strategic area would shape the country’s future alliances and colonial policies. The fear of French aggression on the coast of North Africa drove officials in Rome to the camp of the Central Powers, a diplomatic move of great importance for Europe’s evolution prior to World War I. The disturbance of the Mediterranean balance of power, when France occupied Tunisia and Britain held Cyprus and Egypt, the inability to find a colony in proximity to Italy, and a series of diplomatic defeats led Roman officials to look to the Red Sea and to provoke war with the Ethiopian Empire.

Reclaiming the Past, Building a Future: Māori Identity in the Plays of Hone Kouka

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
World War I ◽  
The Other ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Future ◽  
The 1960S

Hone Kouka's historical plays Nga Tangata Toa and Waiora, created and produced in Aotearoa/New Zealand, one set in the immediate aftermath of World War I, and the other during the great Māori urban migrations of the 1960s, provide fresh insights into the way in which individual Māori responded to the tremendous social disruptions they experienced during the twentieth century. Much like the Māori orator who prefaces his formal interactions with a statement of his whakapapa (genealogy), Kouka reassembles the bones of both his ancestors, and those of other Māori, by demonstrating how the present is constructed by the past, offering a view of contemporary Māori identity that is traditional and modern, rural and urban, respectful of the past and open to the future.

Ships, Bread, and Work: Agrarian Conflict in the Mediterranean Countryside, 1914–1923

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 27-54
Author(s):  
Julia Hudson-Richards
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Economic Stress ◽  
World War ◽  
Citrus Industry ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Work Contracts

AbstractThis article examines the collapse of the citrus industry in València, Spain during the last years of World War I. In it, I argue that the strikes represent a key moment in the proletarianization of the region's agricultural working classes. By 1914, citrus had become one of Spain's most profitable exports, and prior to the 1917 crash, the landed and monied interests in control of the industry had enforced the notion of inter-class cooperation, which broke down under the economic stress of the War. In the wake of the collapse and the strikes that followed, workers began to organize in earnest and began to work towards improving working conditions and establishing fairer work contracts.

scholarly journals From stretcher bearer to “Paramedic”

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Wallis ◽  
Malcolm Boyle
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Army Corps ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Many ◽  
Gallipoli Peninsula ◽  
New Zealanders

In Australia and New Zealand we have recently commemorated ANZAC (Australian and New Zealand Army Corps) Day, a day where we honour and respect past and present service men and women who have served for both Australia and New Zealand. The day itself marks the anniversary of the landing of troops at ANZAC Cove, Gallipoli Peninsula, Turkey (formally part of the Ottoman Empire) on April 25th 1915. Sadly, this campaign was poorly planned and resourced, nevertheless, it was seen as one of the defining days of the two countries young existence (1, 2).  One of the many stories that most Australians or New Zealanders would be able to recount from this landing is that of Simpson and his donkey and that of Henderson and his donkey.

scholarly journals REVIEW: Opening shot over the parapet

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
Peter Hoar
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
World War I ◽  
General Public ◽  
Graphic Novels ◽  
World War ◽  
Early Publication ◽  
Western Front ◽  
Big Push ◽  
The Great War

Book review of: The great adventure ends: New Zealand and France on the Western Front, edited by Nathalie Phillippe, Chris Puglsey, John Crawford & Matthias Strohn, Christchurch: John Douglas Publishing, 2013. 424 pp. ISBN 9780987666581This volume is another shot in the bombardment of books about the Great War that marks the 2014 centenary of the start of the ‘war to end all wars’. This literary big push includes novels, graphic novels, histories, biographies, memoirs and diaries written for specialists and the general public. An early publication to pop over the parapet, this collection offers a diverse set of articles that highlight some not so well-known aspects of New Zealand’s involvement on the Western Front during the 1914-18 war. The varied articles in The Great Adventure Ends reflect both the book’s origins in a conference and the variety of ways in which World War I is written about.

‘Unmistakeable Sauerkrauts’: Local Perceptions of Itinerant German Musicians in New Zealand, 1850–1920

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
Samantha Owens
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
World War I ◽  
World War ◽  
Local Perceptions ◽  
Musical Life ◽  
The Public ◽  
School Sports ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Street Corner ◽  
First World

Although largely forgotten today, bands of German musicians (generally from the Westpfalz region) were regular visitors to New Zealand’s shores from the 1850s up until the outbreak of World War I, making them among the earliest professional European musical ensembles to be heard in the country. Plying their trade on the streets and in other public spaces, German bands were also routinely hired to perform for garden parties, school sports days, dances and boat trips, as well as on countless other occasions. Yet despite their apparent popularity, contemporary comment published in newspapers of the day demonstrates that reactions to their performances were decidedly mixed. While some members of the public clearly enjoyed the contribution German bands made to local musical life, others were less than delighted by their (often noisy) presence. In 1893, for example, one Wellington resident complained that ‘a German Band … may be heard braying at every street corner at all hours of the day and night’, while noting also that ‘It is the genuine article, all the performers being wanderers from the “Vaterland”, unmistakeable “sauerkrauts”’ Within weeks of the outbreak of World War I, ten members of a German band had been arrested in Auckland and taken to Somes Island in Wellington harbour, where they were interned for the duration of the conflict. This article examines the New Zealand public’s changing perceptions of this particular brand of street musician from colonial times until shortly after the end of the First World War.

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