scholarly journals The post-move satisfaction of individuals moving within New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Michael Sloan
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Variable Nature ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Way

<p>People who change their residence voluntarily do so primarily in order to improve their circumstances. A prevailing assumption in the literature is that migration will yield positive returns. A new body of literature now questions both the conceptual and empirical basis for this assumption noting that the range of outcomes and the mover's own individual assessments have often remained untested empirically.   In recent years students of migration have been attempting to redress the balance between understanding of the causes of migration on one hand and the way outcomes are distributed across movers on the other. With the increasing application of the large scale social survey the field is able to ask movers themselves to articulate the net returns to their own migration. The analysis of these subjective responses is the primary source of data used by the international literature on post-move satisfaction.   What the literature is now showing is that post-move satisfaction can range widely from the negative to the very positive. This is hardly surprising given that residential relocation is a major form of adaption the retrospective judgement of which depends both on expectations and different degrees of realisation. In my research I focus on how satisfied movers say they are with their outcomes of their move. I also address the degree to which levels of satisfaction with specific domains (social, employment, etc) is higher or lower than before the move. Both these questions have been asked in Statistics New Zealand's 2007 Dynamics and Motivations for Migration Survey, along with a wide range of personal, move related and contextual information. This internationally unique instrument which carries the responses of nearly 5000 movers within New Zealand forms the empirical base of my study.   The results are instructive. Respondents' satisfaction with the outcomes of internal migration are highly variable, and this variance is systematically related to the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the movers. Post-move satisfaction at both the global and domain level is also sensitive to the characteristics of the move itself (whether within or between local labour markets and to distance). The locations involved, as well as changes in mover's personal circumstances over the period also influence the subjective evaluations of the move.   There are several reasons for looking closely at post-move satisfaction and why it varies. First, satisfaction has a close and well documented relationship to subsequent moves. Getting the move 'right' may have an important impact on individual's long term welfare as well as their community's satisfaction as a whole. Second, changing dwellings is one of the major adjustments people make in realigning their lives, financially and socially and the ability of people to make accurate decisions which raise their perceived standard of living is important in facilitating well-being in general. The study of post-move satisfaction may also help us judge the optimal realignment of people and places. But in the short run it is probably the way that the post-move satisfaction literature is focussing our attention on the highly variable nature of outcomes of migration which is important. Understanding the reasons for this variability ushers in a new set of challenges to migration theory.</p>

scholarly journals The post-move satisfaction of individuals moving within New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Michael Sloan
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Variable Nature ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Way

<p>People who change their residence voluntarily do so primarily in order to improve their circumstances. A prevailing assumption in the literature is that migration will yield positive returns. A new body of literature now questions both the conceptual and empirical basis for this assumption noting that the range of outcomes and the mover's own individual assessments have often remained untested empirically.   In recent years students of migration have been attempting to redress the balance between understanding of the causes of migration on one hand and the way outcomes are distributed across movers on the other. With the increasing application of the large scale social survey the field is able to ask movers themselves to articulate the net returns to their own migration. The analysis of these subjective responses is the primary source of data used by the international literature on post-move satisfaction.   What the literature is now showing is that post-move satisfaction can range widely from the negative to the very positive. This is hardly surprising given that residential relocation is a major form of adaption the retrospective judgement of which depends both on expectations and different degrees of realisation. In my research I focus on how satisfied movers say they are with their outcomes of their move. I also address the degree to which levels of satisfaction with specific domains (social, employment, etc) is higher or lower than before the move. Both these questions have been asked in Statistics New Zealand's 2007 Dynamics and Motivations for Migration Survey, along with a wide range of personal, move related and contextual information. This internationally unique instrument which carries the responses of nearly 5000 movers within New Zealand forms the empirical base of my study.   The results are instructive. Respondents' satisfaction with the outcomes of internal migration are highly variable, and this variance is systematically related to the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the movers. Post-move satisfaction at both the global and domain level is also sensitive to the characteristics of the move itself (whether within or between local labour markets and to distance). The locations involved, as well as changes in mover's personal circumstances over the period also influence the subjective evaluations of the move.   There are several reasons for looking closely at post-move satisfaction and why it varies. First, satisfaction has a close and well documented relationship to subsequent moves. Getting the move 'right' may have an important impact on individual's long term welfare as well as their community's satisfaction as a whole. Second, changing dwellings is one of the major adjustments people make in realigning their lives, financially and socially and the ability of people to make accurate decisions which raise their perceived standard of living is important in facilitating well-being in general. The study of post-move satisfaction may also help us judge the optimal realignment of people and places. But in the short run it is probably the way that the post-move satisfaction literature is focussing our attention on the highly variable nature of outcomes of migration which is important. Understanding the reasons for this variability ushers in a new set of challenges to migration theory.</p>

scholarly journals Xylanolytic Bacillus species for xylooligosaccharides production: a critical review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rozina Rashid ◽  
Muhammad Sohail
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Extracellular Enzymes ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Biological Impacts

AbstractThe capacity of different Bacillus species to produce large amounts of extracellular enzymes and ability to ferment various substrates at a wide range of pH and temperature has placed them among the most promising hosts for the industrial production of many improved and novel products. The global interest in prebiotics, for example, xylooligosaccharides (XOs) is ever increasing, rousing the quest for various forms with expanded productivity. This article provides an overview of xylanase producing bacilli, with more emphasis on their capacity to be used in the production of the XOs, followed by the purification strategies, characteristics and application of XOs from bacilli. The large-scale production of XOs is carried out from a number of xylan-rich lignocellulosic materials by chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis followed by purification through chromatography, vacuum evaporation, solvent extraction or membrane separation methods. Utilization of XOs in the production of functional products as food ingredients brings well-being to individuals by improving defense system and eliminating pathogens. In addition to the effects related to health, a variety of other biological impacts have also been discussed.

scholarly journals Time and well¬being

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Robert Levine
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Temporal Orientation ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Event Time ◽  
Country Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

This paper examines the impact of temporal experience—time use, conceptions of time and temporal norms—on happiness and well-being and suggests public policies to enhance these experiences. First, it reviews literature concerning the interrelationships of time, money and happiness. Second, it reviews data and issues concerning the use of work and non-work hours around the world. Third, it describes a broader range of temporal issues to be considered in policymaking decisions, e.g. clock versus event time-keeping, monochronic versus polychronic approaches, the definition of wasted time, the pace of life, and temporal orientation. Finally, suggestions are of ered for the formulation of time-use policies intended to increase individual and collective happiness. It is a virtual truism that the way we use our time is the way we live our lives. Our time is our most valuable possession. Much of this time, however, is controlled by others, ranging from our employers to our closest family members. It is also clear that there are profound dif erences-- individual, socio-economic, cultural and national--in the degree to which people hold control over their own time (e.g., LEVINE, 1997; LEE, et al., 2007). It may be argued that public policies are needed to protect the “temporal rights” of individuals, particularly those who are most vulnerable to exploitation. This paper was sparked by an ambitious large-scale project in which I had the opportunity to participate. The project was initiated in the Spring of 2012 following a United Nations resolution, adopted unanimously by the General Assembly, placing “happiness” on the global agenda. The nation of Bhutan was asked to convene an interdisciplinary group of international “experts” to craft recommendations for policies to raise worldwide happiness; more specifically, to develop a “new paradigm for world development.” Bhutan, a small, landlocked, relatively poor Himalayan nation, was chosen for this task because of its pioneering Gross National Happiness (GNH) project. “Progress,” the GNH designers declared, “should be viewed not only through the lens of economics but also from spiritual, social, cultural and ecological perspectives.” Happiness and development, in other words, depend on more than growth and the accumulation of money. England, Canada and other countries and country-level organizations have subsequently followed Bhutan’s lead and established GNH measures of their own (LEVINE, 2013). One of the nine core domains of Bhutan’s GNH index is “time use,” which comprised my section of the report. The present paper draws heavily on that report and the insights that research of ered me. I will address four major sets of issues: I. The inter-relationships of time, money and happiness. Most importantly, what is the relevance of time use to well-being and happiness? II. Time Use: Work hour issues and policies. III. Other temporal factors that need to be considered when formulating policies to increase happiness. IV. Suggestions for policymaking: The call for a “Temporal Bill of Rights.”

scholarly journals Working with the Society and for the Society: A Different Way to Run a Cultural Informatics Lab

Heritage ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-219
Author(s):  
Manolis Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Academic Development ◽  
Open Approach ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Practical Impact ◽  
The Way

Founded in 2014 and formally established in 2017, the Knowledge and Uncertainty Research Laboratory ( LAB) is active in a wide range of research fields, with cultural informatics being the most prominent one. The laboratory is rather unconventional, in the sense that it deviates from the typical notion of a research laboratory and follows a more open approach, with more and wider collaborations. In this work, we discuss the way the laboratory works closely with three different public sectors, namely the Ministry of Culture, the Ministry of Education and the Local Government, as well as with a larger part of the university’s community. We explain the opportunities that arise from this approach and present the challenges that come with them. We find that whilst this approach in the short run has little impact on the most commonly used KPIs for research laboratories, such as publications and received funding, it has a major impact in other directions such as practical impact of the research in the society and academic development of the students. Benefits are also identified for the more conventional research objectives, in the longer run.

scholarly journals A Transcription of Dumont D'Urville's Manuscript les Zélandais Histoire Australienne and the Accompanying Notes, Followed by a Study of Some Literary and Historical Aspects of the Text

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Carol Legge
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
French Literature ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Paul Et Virginie ◽  
Poetic Prose ◽  
Popular Work

<p>A brief encounter with the Maori people during April 1824, inspired Dumont d'Urville to write a novel set in New Zealand. This work is the first novel set in New Zealand and the first fictional treatment of the Maori people, written by someone who had had first hand experience of their country. Les Zélandais Histoire Australienne is a unique combination of fact and fiction and as such has a considerable contribution to make to the history and literature of the Pacific region and of New Zealand in particular. The work was never published and the reasons for this are discussed in the final chapter of the thesis. After an interval of more than one hundred and sixty years spent in obscurity, Les Zélandais Histoire Australienne emerges from this study as a valuable historical and literary document. We have described it as an ethnographic novel with ethno-historical notes. The work is comprised of two sections of equal size and importance. There is the novel and the accompanying notes which cover a wide range of subjects, reflecting Dumont d'Urville's wide ranging interests, including Pacific history, geography, languages and cultures. The Notes are a primary source of information, containing Dumont d'Urville's observations which reappeared in later publications. In addition, the vivid experiences of Burns the stowaway and ex-convict, are invaluable as early eye-witness accounts. This is the first complete transcription of the manuscripts. It was a major undertaking because of the length, age and condition of the manuscripts and the almost illegible handwriting. The exercise is discussed in Chapter I In the literary study, several writers admired by Dumont d'Urville, or by whom he was influenced, are discussed. In the first paragraph of the Story, Dumont d'Urville mentions in particular Fénelon, Florian and Rousseau. We have examined some aspects of their work which are relevant to Les Zélandais Histoire Australienne. There is, for example, a discussion on the opposing view points held by Rousseau and some of the French explorers with regard to the legend of the Noble Savage. In addition, we have chosen two works, Paul et Virginie by Bernardin de Saint Pierre and Atala by Chateaubriand, in order to consider Les Zélandais Histoire Australienne from the point of view of exoticism and poetic prose in French literature. This section concludes with an appreciation of the literary style of the novel, which contrasts with the style of Dumont d'Urville's later popular work, Voyage pittoresque autour du monde. The navigator had an abiding interest in the peoples of the South Pacific. Through les Zélandais Histoire Australienne, Dumont d'Urville communicates the enthusiasm with which he made his contribution to the study of mankind. Others before him had recorded ethnographic information but Dumont d'Urville's concern for the cultural predicament of the Maori people sets this explorer apart. The author of this work is a pioneer in modern anthropology.</p>

The effect of upzoning on house prices and redevelopment premiums in Auckland, New Zealand

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 004209802094060
Author(s):  
Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy ◽  
Gail Pacheco ◽  
Kade Sorensen
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Property Values ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Land Use Regulations ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Impact

We study the short-run effects of a large-scale upzoning on house prices and redevelopment premiums in Auckland, New Zealand. Upzoning significantly increases the redevelopment premium but the overall effect on house prices depends on the economic potential for site redevelopment, with underdeveloped properties appreciating relative to intensively developed properties. Notably, intensively developed properties decrease in value relative to similar dwellings that were not upzoned, showing that the large-scale upzoning had an immediate depreciative effect on pre-existing intensive housing. Our results show that the economic potential for site redevelopment is fundamental to understanding the impact of changes in land use regulations on property values.

Wake Induced Time-Variant Aerodynamics Including Rotor-Stator Axial Spacing Effects

1981 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Fleeter ◽  
R. L. Jay ◽  
W. A. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Forced Response ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Axial Distance ◽  
Spacing Effects ◽  
Spacing Ratio ◽  
Wide Range

The overall objective of this experimental program was to quantify the effects of rotor-stator axial spacing on the fundamental time-variant aerodynamics relevant to forced response in turbomachinery. This was accomplished in a large-scale, low-speed, single-stage research compressor which permitted two rotor-stator axial spacing ratios representative of those found in advanced design compressors to be investigated. At each value of the axial spacing ratio, the aerodynamically induced fluctuating surface pressure distributions on the downstream vane row, with the primary source of excitation being the upstream rotor wakes, were measured over a wide range of compressor operating conditions. The velocity fluctuations created by the passage of the rotor blades were measured in the nonrotating coordinate system. Data obtained described the variation of the rotor wake with both loading and axial distance from the rotor as parameters. These data also served as a reference in the analysis of the resulting time-variant pressure signals on the vane surfaces.

Reduction in Animal Use 35 Years after Russell & Burch's Principles of Humane Experimental Technique

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Michael F.W. Festing
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Experimental Technique ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Animal Use ◽  
Research Scientists ◽  
The Way

“Reduction” in animal use can be achieved by better experimental strategy and improved experimental design. In 1959, one strategy for discovering new drugs involved the random testing of thousands of chemicals in animal models of disease. This strategy was deplored by Russell & Burch in The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique (1959) as being inefficient and inhumane, and has now been almost completely superseded, following fundamental research resulting in an improved understanding of the mechanisms of drug action. Random screening is still done on a large scale, but by using in vitro methods. Good experimental design involves the control of variation. In 1959, it was not clear whether isogenic (inbred or F1 hybrid) strains of mice and rats were more uniform than outbred stocks and whether they should therefore be used preferentially in bioassays. It is now generally accepted that F1 hybrids and inbred strains tend to be more uniform, but, as precision also depends on sensitivity, which is unpredictable, there is no general rule for choosing the best strain for a bioassay. Choice should be based on pilot studies. However, the use of more-uniform, specific pathogen-free animals, which were only just becoming available in 1959, has certainly reduced the number of animals which are used. Other aspects of experimental design, such as the need to avoid bias, have a wide range of applicability; the importance of simplicity and the ability to calculate uncertainty are, apparently, not always appreciated by research scientists. The concept of “reduction” has been useful in focusing attention on the need for improved experimental design. In the long-run, animal welfare legislation and improved training for research scientists should lead to improvements, not only in the way in which animals are kept, but also in the way in which experiments are planned and analysed.

scholarly journals A study of work stress and coping among primary school teachers in the Wellington region

Teachers Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-35
Author(s):  
Shilpa Jain
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Teacher Stress ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Primary School Teacher ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
The Way

This research examines the perception of work stress among primary school teachers in the Wellington region. Specifically, it focuses on the way teachers perceive work stress, the contributing factors and the coping strategies employed. Interpretative phenomenological analysis is the qualitative approach and methodology chosen to examine the way teachers make sense of their stress experiences. The educational sector in New Zealand has undergone enormous legislative and organisational change and in the recent past there have been nationwide primary school teacher strikes. While research on teacher stress in New Zealand in relation to the 1989 major reforms has been published, there has been little recent qualitative research on work stress in primary school teachers. This study shows that these teachers experience moderate to high levels of stress because of work overload, the multiplicity of sources of stress, the emotional demands of the role and the frustration and constraints they face in role performance. Even so, these teachers derive satisfaction from the core job of teaching and utilise positive coping strategies to manage their stress and work demands, with most of them intending to stay in the role. However, the sustainability of the role of teaching is a concern, as societal misperceptions about teaching and lack of respect for them pose challenges for those continuing in the profession long term. This study contributes to the base literature on teacher stress in the New Zealand context and offers recommendations for supporting the well-being of primary school teachers.

Leave no one behind? Transitioning from the military to civilian life in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Andrew Cardow ◽  
Jean-Sebastien Imbeau ◽  
Bill Willie Apiata ◽  
Jenny Martin
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Civilian Life ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Transition Experience ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Military ◽  
Military Transition

Abstract Transition from the military environment into a civilian environment is a topic that has seen increasing attention within the last two decades. There is, in the literature, a clearly articulated issue that transition from the military to the civilian world is somewhat different to transitioning from school to work, or from career to career, or from work to retirement. Many, but not all, of the extant examples regarding military transition are case studies, focus groups or small-scale qualitative surveys. The following article details a large-scale survey that took place in New Zealand in 2019. From just over 1400 responses, a wide range of information was gathered. The aim of the survey was to uncover the experiences of military who had undergone transition within New Zealand. In this respect, the survey was exploratory. We report here the qualitative results that expand the existing body of knowledge of military transition. Our results are in line with international results and demonstrate that a large majority of respondents had a less than desirable transition experience. The contribution made therefore is a reinforcement that current practice in this area is needing a great deal of attention. The following outlines the experiences our New Zealand-based respondents had and how this mirrors the extant international literature. As this was the first survey of its kind to attract large numbers of respondents within New Zealand, the results and discussion that follow present aspects of transition that the Ministry of Defence and the New Zealand Defence Force may wish to consider when planning future transition programmes.

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