scholarly journals Using Photographs and Human Body Diagrams as Visual Aids to Help Children Talk About Bodily Touch

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rachel Barton
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Visual Aids ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Interviewing Techniques

<p>The present study aimed to examine whether using two separate visual aids (Human Body Diagram vs. photograph of subject) for different purposes (to clarify/elaborate reported touches vs. elicit unreported touches) effected the accuracy and amount of touch-related information reported by children aged between 5 and 6 years. It was found that children reported more correct touches from the scripted event when they were interviewed using a photograph of their bodies. Contrary to expectations though, the amount and accuracy of touch-related information did not significantly differ between interviewing conditions. Additionally, all children reported the most accurate information prior to touch-inquiry before visual aids were introduced. In light of these findings, it is suggested that visual aids may not provide any more substantial benefits compared to verbal prompting alone. Given the risks associated with their use (i.e., leading to increases in reported errors) the present study endorses future research that seeks to develop more effective verbal interviewing techniques, which assist in the retrieval of more complete and accurate statements from children.</p>

scholarly journals Using Photographs and Human Body Diagrams as Visual Aids to Help Children Talk About Bodily Touch

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rachel Barton
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Visual Aids ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Interviewing Techniques

<p>The present study aimed to examine whether using two separate visual aids (Human Body Diagram vs. photograph of subject) for different purposes (to clarify/elaborate reported touches vs. elicit unreported touches) effected the accuracy and amount of touch-related information reported by children aged between 5 and 6 years. It was found that children reported more correct touches from the scripted event when they were interviewed using a photograph of their bodies. Contrary to expectations though, the amount and accuracy of touch-related information did not significantly differ between interviewing conditions. Additionally, all children reported the most accurate information prior to touch-inquiry before visual aids were introduced. In light of these findings, it is suggested that visual aids may not provide any more substantial benefits compared to verbal prompting alone. Given the risks associated with their use (i.e., leading to increases in reported errors) the present study endorses future research that seeks to develop more effective verbal interviewing techniques, which assist in the retrieval of more complete and accurate statements from children.</p>

Law enforcement investigation of non-sexual child abuse: Physical abuse, neglect and Abusive Head Trauma

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-92
Author(s):  
Sarah Shaffer ◽  
Nadja Schreiber Compo ◽  
J Zoe Klemfuss ◽  
Joanna Peplak ◽  
Julio Mejias
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Abusive Head Trauma ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Medical Diagnoses ◽  
Interviewing Techniques ◽  
Case Characteristics

This study examined the experiences of law enforcement in investigating physical abuse, neglect and Abusive Head Trauma (AHT). Law enforcement ( N = 388) in the United States were surveyed regarding case characteristics, investigative strategy, interrogative approaches, frequency/content of perpetrator admissions and interagency interaction across cases of physical abuse, neglect and AHT. Results revealed that exposure rates matched those of national statistics. AHT perpetrators reported to admit guilt less often than suspects of physical abuse and neglect. Participants reported that suspects explain physical abuse and AHT by referencing poor self-control as a common cause. Lack of financial resources was commonly reported as the explanation for neglect. Potentially coercive interviewing techniques were reported across abuse types but were more frequent in cases of AHT. AHT cases were reportedly hardest to prove/prosecute partially due to conflicting medical diagnoses. Potential implications for law enforcement investigative (interviewing) policies and future research are discussed.

scholarly journals ExTaxsI: an exploration tool of biodiversity molecular data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Agostinetto ◽  
Anna Sandionigi ◽  
Adam Chahed ◽  
Alberto Brusati ◽  
Elena Parladori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Data ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Biodiversity Data ◽  
Related Information ◽  
New Information ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
New Research

AbstractBackgroundThe increasing availability of multi omics data is leading to continually revise estimates of existing biodiversity data. In particular, the molecular data enable to characterize novel species yet unknown and to increase the information linked to those already observed with new genomic data. For this reason, the management and visualization of existing molecular data, and their related metadata, through the implementation of easy to use IT tools have become a key point for the development of future research. The more users are able to access biodiversity related information, the greater the ability of the scientific community to expand the knowledge in this area.ResultsIn our research we have focused on the development of ExTaxsI (Exploring Taxonomies Information), an IT tool able to retrieve biodiversity data stored in NCBI databases and provide a simple and explorable visualization. Through the three case studies presented here, we have shown how an efficient organization of the data already present can lead to obtaining new information that is fundamental as a starting point for new research. Our approach was also able to highlight the limits in the distribution data availability, a key factor to consider in the experimental design phase of broad spectrum studies, such as metagenomics.ConclusionsExTaxI can easily produce explorable visualization of molecular data and its metadata, with the aim to help researchers to improve experimental designs and highlight the main gaps in the coverage of available data.

scholarly journals Human sweat monitoring using polymer-based fiber

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taekyung Lim ◽  
Youngseok Kim ◽  
Sang-Mi Jeong ◽  
Chi-Hyeong Kim ◽  
Seong-Min Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Coagulation Bath ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Simple Geometry

AbstractLightweight nano/microscale wearable devices that are directly attached to or worn on the human body require enhanced flexibility so that they can facilitate body movement and overall improved wearability. In the present study, a flexible poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) fiber-based sensor is proposed, which can accurately measure the amount of salt (i.e., sodium chloride) ions in sweat released from the human body or in specific solutions. This can be performed using one single strand of hair-like conducting polymer fiber. The fabrication process involves the introduction of an aqueous PEDOT:PSS solution into a sulfuric acid coagulation bath. This is a repeatable and inexpensive process for producing monolithic fibers, with a simple geometry and tunable electrical characteristics, easily woven into clothing fabrics or wristbands. The conductivity of the PEDOT:PSS fiber increases in pure water, whereas it decreases in sweat. In particular, the conductivity of a PEDOT:PSS fiber changes linearly according to the concentration of sodium chloride in liquid. The results of our study suggest the possibility of PEDOT:PSS fiber-based wearable sensors serving as the foundation of future research and development in skin-attachable next-generation healthcare devices, which can reproducibly determine the physiological condition of a human subject by measuring the sodium chloride concentration in sweat.

Evaluation of an Educational Whiteboard Video to Introduce Fertility Preservation to Female Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e488-e497
Author(s):  
Talia Greenspoon ◽  
Rebecca Charow ◽  
Janet Papadakos ◽  
Mahsa Samadi ◽  
Anne Marie Maloney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Patient Education ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Fertility Preservation ◽  
Reading Level ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Education Material ◽  
Before And After

PURPOSE: Fertility is an important issue for adolescents and young adults with cancer facing potential infertility. Egg cryopreservation options exist, but information is sometimes overwhelming. We evaluated a fertility preservation educational video and assessed patient and family knowledge and impressions at pre- and post-video timepoints. METHODS: We developed a whiteboard video to explain egg cryopreservation to patients and families. The video was evaluated on the basis of patient education best practices (readability, understandability, actionability). Participants were recruited using convenience sampling in oncology clinics. They completed questionnaires before and after watching to assess knowledge and interest. Inclusion criteria were patients age 13-39 years and minimum 1 month from diagnosis. Descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and mean comparisons were conducted. RESULTS: The video script read at a grade 8 reading level. Average understandability and actionability scores were below the acceptable standard. We recruited 108 patients (mean age, 27 years) and 39 caregivers/partners. Patients’ knowledge about fertility preservation increased after viewing the video. Interest was high before and after, and satisfaction was high for both patients and caregivers. Participants appreciated information on process, procedure, and delivery but desired more information on logistics, including cost. CONCLUSION: A targeted patient education video about fertility preservation options can build knowledge and encourage discussions about infertility. The video can be used as a model for videos on related topics to provide accurate information in a youth-friendly medium; however, following patient education best practices for readability, understandability, and actionability may increase video effectiveness. Future research should assess how audiovisual patient education material affects patient behavior.

scholarly journals Rosmarinic Acid–Human Pharmacokinetics and Health Benefits

Planta Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Hitl ◽  
Nebojša Kladar ◽  
Neda Gavarić ◽  
Biljana Božin
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
The Body ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Human Pharmacokinetics ◽  
Positive Effects

AbstractRosmarinic acid is a phenolic compound commonly found in the Lamiaceae (Labiateae) plant species. It is considered responsible for a wide spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities of plants containing this compound. The aim of the current review is to present the fate of rosmarinic acid inside the human body, explained through pharmacokinetic steps and to briefly present the health benefits of RA. Pharmacokinetics was at first studied in animal models, but several studies were conducted in humans as well. This compound can be applied topically, pulmonary, intranasally, and via intravenous infusion. However, peroral application is the main route of entry into the human body. Presumably, it is mainly metabolized by the gut microflora, providing simple, more easily absorbed phenolic units. Inside the body, the rosmarinic acid molecule undergoes structural changes, as well as conjugation reactions. Renal excretion represents the main path of elimination. Previously conducted studies reported no serious adverse effects of herbal remedies containing RA, as well as their positive effects on human health. In addition to in vitro studies, clinical investigations suggested its benefits in dermatological, allergic, and osteoarthritic disorders, as well as for improving cognitive performance and in metabolic syndrome treatment. Future studies should investigate the kinetics during long-term application in patients who would have potential benefits from RA usage. Pharmaceutical formulations designed to prevent the fast metabolism of RA and allow its penetration into other compartments of the human body are also interesting topics for future research.

Job Information Networks, Neighborhood Effects, and Inequality

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 1056-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannis M Ioannides ◽  
Linda Datcher Loury
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Neighborhood Effects ◽  
Information Networks ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Job Information

This paper explores the theoretical and empirical literature to examine the use by different social groups of informal sources of information provided by friends, relatives, and acquaintances during job search and its consequences for the job market. It also addresses the role of network structure and size, the resource endowments of contacts, and nature of the links between contacts to explain differences in the effects of job information networks. In doing so, the paper also turns to the sociology literature on job information networks and provides an economic perspective on such sociological concepts as strong versus weak ties, inbreeding, distance from structural holes, etc. The paper distinguishes between models of exogenous job information networks, that is where individuals obtain job-related information through a given social structure, and endogenous job information networks, which are social networks that result from individuals' uncoordinated actions. The paper pays special attention to such issues as physical and social proximity and sharing of information and discusses them in the context of the recent social interactions and neighborhood effects literature. Finally, the paper outlines a model that integrates job information networks, where interactions occur in business cycle frequencies, with the dynamics of human capital formation, which include the joint effects of parental, community and neighborhood human capital, and are set in life cycle frequencies, for the purpose of organizing suggestions for future research and examining earned income inequality.

scholarly journals SEMANTIC ANNOTATIONS ON HERITAGE MODELS: 2D/3D APPROACHES AND FUTURE RESEARCH CHALLENGES

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B2-2020 ◽  
pp. 829-836
Author(s):  
V. Croce ◽  
G. Caroti ◽  
L. De Luca ◽  
A. Piemonte ◽  
P. Véron
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Semantic Annotation ◽  
External Information ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Semantic Annotations ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Research Challenges ◽  
Application Fields

Abstract. Research in the field of Cultural Heritage is increasingly moving towards the creation of digital information systems, in which the geometric representation of an artifact is linked to some external information, through meaningful tags. The process of attributing additional and structured information to various elements in a given digital model is customarily identified with the term semantic annotation; the added contextual information is associated, for instance, to analysis and conservation terms. Starting from the existing literature, aim of this work is to discuss how semantic annotations are used, in digital architectural heritage models, to link the geometrical representation of an artefact with knowledge-related information. Most consolidated methods -such as traditional mapping on 2D media, are compared with more recent approaches making the most of 3D representation. Reference is made, in particular, to Heritage-BIM techniques and to collaborative reality-based platforms, such as Aïoli (http://aioli.cloud). Potentialities and limits of the different solutions proposed in literature are critically discussed, also addressing future research challenges in Cultural Heritage application fields.

scholarly journals Key Points’ Location in Infrared Images of the Human Body Based on Mscf-ResNet

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Shengguo Ge ◽  
Siti Nurulain Mohd Rum
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Infrared Image ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Brightness Distribution ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Infrared Images ◽  
Positioning Accuracy ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Key Points

The human body generates infrared radiation through the thermal movement of molecules. Based on this phenomenon, infrared images of the human body are often used for monitoring and tracking. Among them, key point location on infrared images of the human body is an important technology in medical infrared image processing. However, the fuzzy edges, poor detail resolution, and uneven brightness distribution of the infrared image of the human body cause great difficulties in positioning. Therefore, how to improve the positioning accuracy of key points in human infrared images has become the main research direction. In this study, a multi-scale convolution fusion deep residual network (Mscf-ResNet) model is proposed for human body infrared image positioning. This model is based on the traditional ResNet, changing the single-scale convolution to multi-scale and fusing the information of different receptive fields, so that the extracted features are more abundant and the degradation problem, caused by the excessively deep network, is avoided. The experiments show that our proposed method has higher key point positioning accuracy than other methods. At the same time, because the network structure of this paper is too deep, there are too many parameters and a large volume of calculations. Therefore, a more lightweight network model is the direction of future research.

scholarly journals Implementation of Returning Farmers Database Set Using Characteristics Information And Local Environment Information

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 680-686
Author(s):  
Sun-Ae Park Et.al
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Personal Characteristic ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Agricultural Management ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Form Of Life ◽  
Related Information ◽  
The City

In recent years, returning farms are attracting attention as a new way of life from urbanites who are about to retire. Returning farming means that the population living in the city leaves the city and continues a new form of life in rural areas. In other words, the fever of returning farming and returning villages is increasing, and the present is called the era of returning farming. As interest in returning farms increases, it is essential to provide accurate information for a successful return to farming life. Therefore, in this paper, a set of returned farmers database was constructed to provide information related to returning farmers with improved reliability and accuracy. To this end, personal characteristic information of returnees and local environmental information were linked. In addition, a set of databases for returning farmers was constructed using population movement statistics and agricultural management database. In this paper, data necessary for service development were selected and collected. In addition, a total of three types of service scenarios were created according to the type of use of returnees, and information on customized policy projects for returnees were constructed. Finally, an exploratory analysis of the collected data was conducted. In other words, refinement work was carried out to build the utilized database set, and the database set was constructed according to the purpose of use. As a result, the agricultural support information and the agricultural management body database were used based on the basic characteristic information of the returnees to provide selective customized information and establish a database set to improve reliability. Through this, it is possible to provide a customized service for anyone interested in returning to farming to easily access the farming information database set and obtain related information.

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