scholarly journals China’s Bilateral Aid to the South Pacific Region: A Constructivist Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Zhen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Multiple Identities ◽  
National Identities ◽  
Development Partner ◽  
Government Documents ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Aid Programs ◽  
The Impact

<p>This paper examines the role of China’s national identities and the impact on its foreign aid policies and practices. The multiple identities shape China’s role as a development partner in pursuit of economic cooperation with aid recipients and that seek to engage with traditional aid donors in terms of aid delivery. To explore the influence of national identities-the victimhood identity, the developing country identity and the rising responsible power identity behind China’s foreign aid policies and behaviors, this thesis uses a solid theoretical foundation-Constructivism. It analyses two empirical cases, the Fiji and the Cook Islands from 2006 to 2013, drawing from a large chunk of literature from English and Chinese publications, government documents, and relevant websites. The thesis finds that China’s aid policies and behaviors are mainly consistent with its victimhood and developing country identities. The country regards itself as a development partner rather than an aid donor and places great emphasis on mutual benefit and non-interference principles with a large proportion of its aid focused on infrastructure, construction-based projects. However, it also uncovers that China has started to address aid recipients’ demands. The country has also learned how to handle aid programs from other donor countries, such as Australia and New Zealand, which is incorporated into China’s new rising responsible power identity. The research aims to challenge the dominated rationality-based analysis and hopes to trigger further discussion about China’s aid and development.</p>

scholarly journals China’s Bilateral Aid to the South Pacific Region: A Constructivist Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Zhen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Multiple Identities ◽  
National Identities ◽  
Development Partner ◽  
Government Documents ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Aid Programs ◽  
The Impact

<p>This paper examines the role of China’s national identities and the impact on its foreign aid policies and practices. The multiple identities shape China’s role as a development partner in pursuit of economic cooperation with aid recipients and that seek to engage with traditional aid donors in terms of aid delivery. To explore the influence of national identities-the victimhood identity, the developing country identity and the rising responsible power identity behind China’s foreign aid policies and behaviors, this thesis uses a solid theoretical foundation-Constructivism. It analyses two empirical cases, the Fiji and the Cook Islands from 2006 to 2013, drawing from a large chunk of literature from English and Chinese publications, government documents, and relevant websites. The thesis finds that China’s aid policies and behaviors are mainly consistent with its victimhood and developing country identities. The country regards itself as a development partner rather than an aid donor and places great emphasis on mutual benefit and non-interference principles with a large proportion of its aid focused on infrastructure, construction-based projects. However, it also uncovers that China has started to address aid recipients’ demands. The country has also learned how to handle aid programs from other donor countries, such as Australia and New Zealand, which is incorporated into China’s new rising responsible power identity. The research aims to challenge the dominated rationality-based analysis and hopes to trigger further discussion about China’s aid and development.</p>

Organizational Justice and Employee Sustainability: The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Mehreen Fatima ◽  
Zeeshan Izhar ◽  
Zaheer Abbas Kazmi
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Organizational Justice ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
The Impact

Purpose- The primary purpose of the study is to determine the impact of organizational justice (OJ) on employee sustainability. Along with that, it also describes how organizational commitment mediates this direct relationship. This study includes all dimensions of OJ which are distributive, procedural and interactional (interpersonal & informational) within the context of a developing country (Pakistan). Design/Methodology- This study has considered employees working in the banking sector of Pakistan. Two hundred ten questionnaires were received back from employees. Regression analysis was used to analyze direct relationships between variables, while smart partial least squares (PLS) were used for mediation analysis. Findings- Results demonstrated that all hypothesis were accepted and it was also confirmed that organizational commitment (OC) mediates the direct relationship between OJ and employee sustainability (ES). Originality/value- Multidimensional construct of organizational justice was tested in this study, in the context of a developing country (Pakistan), to address the research gap.

scholarly journals The Role of Knowledge Management Infrastructure in Enhancing Job Satisfaction: A Developing Country Perspective

10.28945/4169 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 001-025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ra'ed Masa'deh ◽  
Dmaithan Abdelkarim Almajali ◽  
Ala'aldin Alrowwad ◽  
Bader Obeidat
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Academic Rank ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Aim/Purpose: This research aims to examine the role of Knowledge Management (KM) infrastructure (technological, structural, and cultural) in enhancing job satisfaction in the context of developing countries, as exemplified by Jordan. Background: Despite the presence of job satisfaction studies conducted in educational institutions across the world, knowledge management issues have not been taken into consideration as influencing factors. Methodology: A total of 168 responses to a questionnaire survey were collected from the academic staff at Zarqa University in Jordan. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to test the research hypotheses. Contribution: This study offers deeper understanding about the role that knowledge management infrastructure plays in enhancing job satisfaction from a developing country perspective. The proposed model is tested the first time in Jordan. Findings: Results of the current study revealed that there are significant positive impacts of technological and cultural KM infrastructures on job satisfaction, whereas structural KM infrastructure does not have a significant impact on job satisfaction. Also, the results revealed significant gender difference in perception of the impact of knowledge management infrastructure on job satisfaction. On the other hand, an ANOVA test found no significant difference in the impact of knowledge management infrastructure on job satisfaction among groups by age, experience, and academic rank. Recommendation for Researchers: Our findings can be used as a base of knowledge for further studies about knowledge management infrastructure and job satisfaction following different criteria and research procedures. Future Research: The current model can be applied and assessed further in other sectors, including public universities and other services sectors in developed and developing countries.

Donor Fragmentation, Aid Shocks, and Violent Political Conflict

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raynee Gutting ◽  
Martin C. Steinwand
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Recipient Country ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
Event History ◽  
Positive Side ◽  
Negative Role ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

Recent debates have focused on the negative role of the proliferation of foreign aid facilities and donor fragmentation for development outcomes and recipient country institutions. This article investigates an overlooked positive side effect of donor proliferation. With an increasing number of donors, exposure to negative aid shocks decreases, as well as the impact of such shocks on violent political conflict. Using data on 106 recipient countries for the years 1970 to 2008 and employing event history and mediation analysis, we find strong evidence that fragmentation significantly reduces the risk for political destabilization associated with aid shocks.

Is archaeology still the project of nation states? An editorial comment

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Brück ◽  
Liv Nilsson Stutz
Keyword(s):  
Round Table ◽  
National Identities ◽  
Political Movements ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Scottish Independence ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The European Association of Archaeologists has long fostered critical analysis of the relationship between archaeology and politics, particularly the politics of national, regional and supra-regional identities. Although the role of nationalism in the birth of archaeology as a discipline is well recognized, the events of the past few years – from the referendum on Scottish independence in 2014, to the movement for secession in eastern Ukraine, and the rise of explicitly nationalist political movements across the continent – suggest that the (re)formulation of national identities is likely to continue to have major implications both for our interpretation of the past and for the practice of archaeology in the present. In light of this, the Archaeological dialogues editorial board organized a round table at the EAA meeting in Glasgow in September 2015 to explore the extent to which institutional, legislative and funding structures as well as political and cultural imperatives continue to bind our discipline into the construction of nationalist narratives, and this more or less in spite of long-standing critical debates within the discipline itself that for decades have problematized the relationship. Are we caught in a ‘can't-live-with-and-can't-live-without’ situation? While explicitly nationalist archaeologies have become almost obsolete in the European academies, we rarely contemplate the impact of nationalism on funding or the definition and protection of cultural heritage, for example. Several of the following papers suggest that without the nation state's involvement, the vicissitudes of global capitalism would result in a situation where it would be extremely difficult to adequately protect our ‘heritage’, however that is defined.

scholarly journals The Role of Development Aid in Agriculture in the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa: A Panel Vector Autoregression Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Grace Gondwe ◽  
Josue Mbonigaba
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Aid Effectiveness ◽  
Common Market ◽  
The Common ◽  
Eastern And Southern Africa ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Panel Vector Autoregression

This paper assessed the impact of foreign aid on agricultural productivity and growth in the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), using panel vector autoregressive methods. The results show a significant unidirectional causality from agricultural growth to foreign aid and thus confirming the theoretical dispositions of the developmental role of foreign aid. However, instead of complementing domestic resources in this regard, the results showed that foreign aid in the sector substitutes government financing, which effectively reduces its effectiveness. A mismatch in government resources and aid allocations to a sub-sector erodes the synergy that should typically exist between donor aid and government expenditure in a sector. A policy shift towards Result-Based (Aid on Delivery) approaches in aid disbursements will be critical to eliminating fungible resources. Misalignment of aid allocations that are inconsistent with the relative importance of subsectors in the sectoral development goals further undermines the potency of aid. A better understanding of the contribution of&nbsp;the various sub-sectors to the overall growth of the agriculture sector will be crucial for equitable resource allocation and enhanced aid effectiveness. Moreover, the higher impact of domestic resources compared to foreign aid calls for policies to increase domestic resource mobilization and a broader focus on reducing aid dependency.

Deconstructing the Portrayals of Haitian Women in the Media

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
María José Rendón ◽  
Guerda Nicolas
Keyword(s):  
Women Of Color ◽  
Media Portrayals ◽  
Haitian Women ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Power And Resistance ◽  
The Media ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Feminist Poststructuralist ◽  
The Impact

Haitian women constitute a group that is lauded within Haiti as the “pillar of society” and yet is also often silenced both within Haiti and abroad. Given the role of the media in shaping attitudes and behaviors toward Women of Color, evaluation of media portrayals is critical to challenge oppressive discourses about these groups. Therefore, in this study, the authors conducted a thematic analysis of 650 photographs of Haitian women in the Associated Press Photo Archive in the years 1994–2009. The analysis comprised a two-step process: First, the authors identified coding categories through an inductive analysis of the data; later, these categories were analyzed from a feminist poststructuralist framework to generate themes that could describe how Haitian women are positioned in relation to media consumers. The three themes generated—“Negotiating Power and Resistance,” “Enacting Haitian Culture,” and “Showcasing Affliction”—delineate the media’s tendency to emphasize the “otherness” in Haitian women, as well as to characterize this group as victims in need of rescuing by powerful others. The authors conclude by emphasizing the impact of these images on the identity of Haitian women and Women of Color, as well as on the attitudes and behaviors of media consumers toward these groups.

scholarly journals PENGARUH MODERNISASI TERHADAP PERILAKU SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (02) ◽  
pp. 268-278
Author(s):  
Yunita Andriyani ◽  
Muh. Husein Arifin ◽  
Yona Wahyuningsih
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
School Students ◽  
Character Formation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Modernization is an event that cannot be avoided by all countries in the world, especially Indonesia as a developing country. Modernization can occur in the world of education. Modernization is able to provide influence and impact on students if it is not monitored optimally by educators. The phenomenon of modernization can make elementary school students have an active, innovative and visionary mindset. But the phenomenon of modernization can also result in changes in the behavior of elementary school students, so it is feared that it will eliminate the noble character they have. This article discusses the impact and effects of modernization on the behavior of elementary school students. Furthermore, it will be discussed about the role of the teacher to minimize the negative impact of modernization which can endanger the character formation of elementary school students.

scholarly journals How Celebrities’ Green Messages on Twitter Influence Public Attitudes and Behavioral Intentions to Mitigate Climate Change

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 7948
Author(s):  
Sejung Park
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Fear Appeals ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mediation Process ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
The Impact

This research adds to the growing body of literature on the role of celebrities as emergent spokespersons in climate advocacy using Twitter. This study investigates the effects of framing of celebrities’ messages (emotional framing and framing of celebrity involvement) on public attitudes and behaviors to address climate change. A sequential mediation process is examined with structural equation modeling. In addition, this study assesses the role of parasocial relationship (PSR) with celebrities as predictors and moderators of the impact of framing of celebrity involvement. The results indicate that fear appeals were more effective than hope appeals in driving participation in activism, but emotional framing did not affect any other variables. Framing of celebrity involvement appeals using first-person pronouns led to more positive attitudes, but had no effect on behaviors. In addition, PSR was a strong positive predictor of attitudes and behaviors.

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