scholarly journals THE INTERACTIONAL ORGANISATION OF PAIN DISPLAYS IN MEDICAL CONSULTATIONS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jessica La
Keyword(s):  
Practical Applications ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
The Social ◽  
Medical Consultations ◽  
Internal States ◽  
The Status ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
Diagnostic Work ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Embodied Action

<p>Pain is commonly understood as a private experience situated within the individual. However, pain also takes place in the social world, emerging as an interactional event between individuals. The current thesis examined pain displays in interaction and showed how they are sensitive to, and shaped by, the immediate social environment. Discursive psychology and conversation analysis were used as theoretical and methodological frameworks to investigate pain displays as social actions. The empirical data of the study were video recordings of medical consultations between general practitioners and patients. Pain displays within physical examinations were analysed as complex multimodal Gestalts following Mondada (2014b); these are locally constituted from a web of embodied and vocal resources. The first analytic chapter focused on pain displays and the organisation of turns. Participants oriented to pain displays as structural units with an onset, peak, and projectable completion place that organised when and how they built their turns-at-talk. Pain displays were also visible in the progressivity of turns-at-talk, emerging at transition relevant places, suspended and re-initiated with respect to speaker turns. The second analytic chapter showed that pain displays were sequentially organised. Pain displays were oriented to as responsive actions that progressed pain solicitations. However, they did not lead to activity closure, raising questions about the status of pain displays as conditionally relevant next actions. The thesis demonstrated the orderly ways pain displays were coordinated with, and contributed to, the diagnostic work of the ongoing medical interaction. Pain displays were found to be inextricably tied to the interactional environment, a finding supported by other research which has shown internal states like pain and emotion are produced as socially-organised practices. Finally, the thesis contributes to debates within multimodal research, providing support for the utility of talk-focused conversation analytic concepts to describe embodied action. The findings also have practical applications for people seeking medical help for pain.</p>

scholarly journals THE INTERACTIONAL ORGANISATION OF PAIN DISPLAYS IN MEDICAL CONSULTATIONS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jessica La
Keyword(s):  
Practical Applications ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
The Social ◽  
Medical Consultations ◽  
Internal States ◽  
The Status ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
Diagnostic Work ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Embodied Action

<p>Pain is commonly understood as a private experience situated within the individual. However, pain also takes place in the social world, emerging as an interactional event between individuals. The current thesis examined pain displays in interaction and showed how they are sensitive to, and shaped by, the immediate social environment. Discursive psychology and conversation analysis were used as theoretical and methodological frameworks to investigate pain displays as social actions. The empirical data of the study were video recordings of medical consultations between general practitioners and patients. Pain displays within physical examinations were analysed as complex multimodal Gestalts following Mondada (2014b); these are locally constituted from a web of embodied and vocal resources. The first analytic chapter focused on pain displays and the organisation of turns. Participants oriented to pain displays as structural units with an onset, peak, and projectable completion place that organised when and how they built their turns-at-talk. Pain displays were also visible in the progressivity of turns-at-talk, emerging at transition relevant places, suspended and re-initiated with respect to speaker turns. The second analytic chapter showed that pain displays were sequentially organised. Pain displays were oriented to as responsive actions that progressed pain solicitations. However, they did not lead to activity closure, raising questions about the status of pain displays as conditionally relevant next actions. The thesis demonstrated the orderly ways pain displays were coordinated with, and contributed to, the diagnostic work of the ongoing medical interaction. Pain displays were found to be inextricably tied to the interactional environment, a finding supported by other research which has shown internal states like pain and emotion are produced as socially-organised practices. Finally, the thesis contributes to debates within multimodal research, providing support for the utility of talk-focused conversation analytic concepts to describe embodied action. The findings also have practical applications for people seeking medical help for pain.</p>

scholarly journals Pedagogical conditions for the formation of counteraction to stressful phenomena in educational institutions

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Г.А. Арсаханова
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
First Graders ◽  
Behavioral Disorder ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control ◽  
Psychosomatic Diseases

Жизнедеятельность школьника полна проблем, решение которых приводит к стрессовым ситуациям. Прежде всего, это изменение социального статуса и изменение дошкольной деятельности ребенка на учебную. Статус школьника требует больше обязанностей, ответственности, дисциплинированности, структурированности режима дня, контроля собственных поступков. Даже в самом продуманном и хорошо налаженному жизни случаются ситуации, которые негативно влияют на детей и приводят к стрессу. Первоклассники не всегда готовы к таким изменениям, что вызывает ряд психофизиологических и поведенческих проявлений. В состоянии стресса поведение ребенка дезорганизовывается, наблюдаются неконтролируемые движения, определенные речевые отклонения, появляются эмоции, не соответствующие культуре взаимоотношений. Стресс – это сильное проявление эмоций вызывает комплексную физиологическую реакцию, это состояние душевного и поведенческого расстройства, связанного с неспособностью личности целесообразно действовать в соответствующих ситуациях. Из-за недостаточной сформированности эмоциональной сферы в школьном возрасте при частых стрессовых ситуациях у ребенка исчезает аппетит, наступает депрессия, снижается интерес к учебе, общению, наступает апатия. Стрессовые ситуации негативно сказываются на здоровье школьника, у ребенка появляется целый «букет» опасных психосоматических заболеваний: мигрень, гипертония, астма, артрит, аллергия, диабет, кожные болезни и тому подобное. The student's life is full of problems, the solution of which leads to stressful situations. First of all, this is a change in the social status and a change in the preschool activity of the child to the educational one. The status of a student requires more responsibilities, responsibility, discipline, structured daily routine, and control of one's own actions. Even in the most thoughtful and well-established life, there are situations that negatively affect children and lead to stress. First-graders are not always ready for such changes, which causes a number of psychophysiological and behavioral manifestations. In a state of stress, the child's behavior is disorganized, uncontrolled movements are observed, certain speech deviations appear, emotions that do not correspond to the culture of relationships. Stress-this strong manifestation of emotions causes a complex physiological reaction, this is a state of mental and behavioral disorder associated with the inability of the individual to act appropriately in appropriate situations. Due to the lack of formation of the emotional sphere at school age, with frequent stressful situations, the child's appetite disappears, depression sets in, interest in learning, communication decreases, and apathy sets in. Stressful situations negatively affect the health of the student, the child has a whole "bouquet" of dangerous psychosomatic diseases: migraine, hypertension, asthma, arthritis, allergies, diabetes, skin diseases, and the like.

scholarly journals Rural households in the stratification system of the Slovak society

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 359-369
Author(s):  
D. Moravčíková ◽  
M. Hanová ◽  
K. Klimentová
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Slovak Society ◽  
Stratification System ◽  
Regional Position ◽  
The Individual

This report deals with the problems of the status of rural households in the stratification system of the post-socialist Slovak society. The authors take as the basis the concept of associated classification and knowledge about the trends in the development of the social structure of Slovak society in the transformation period. The processing of empirical data from the survey research of rural households in three districts served as an example to compare the classification of households within the economic and socio-cultural lines by the means of the selected indicators. The analysis refers to the inconsistency of the stratification of rural households according to the economic and income statuses as well as education, population and socioeconomic qualities which are significantly conditioned by the regional position and situation. The representative types of rural households for the individual social strata are characterized in the conclusions. They are characterized with regard to the used criteria.

Habermas, Science and Modernity

1999 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 329-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedel Weinert
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Frankfurt School ◽  
German Idealism ◽  
External World ◽  
Paradigm Change ◽  
Philosophical Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Western Civilisation ◽  
The Individual

The work of Jürgen Habermas has been described as eclectic. It is also prolific. Fortunately for his readers the prolificacy and eclecticism of the author are mitigated by the recurrence of his themes. These concern the emergence and nature of modern occidental society, both from a sociological and philosophical perspective. On a more philosophical level, there is also a strong plea for a paradigm change. The philosophy of the consciousness made the lone subject, in search of knowledge, face the external world. The dialogic philosophy of Habermas sees interlocutors engaged in dialogue about the material, social and internal world and their many aspects. Furthermore, there are many fruitful sidelines: the nature of language, the personality structure of the individual, socialisation and the status of the social sciences. All these various strands are woven into a coherent model of the nature of western civilisation. In the recombination of the contributory constituents, derived from American pragmatism, German Idealism, Hermeneutics, Marxism, the Frankfurt School of Sociology and Systems Theory, lies the originality and breadth of his work.

Inclusion of Tallented Children (Pupils) In the Current Czech Education System

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-68
Author(s):  
Lenka Gulová ◽  
Stanislav Střelec
Keyword(s):  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Special Educational Needs ◽  
Cognitive Dimension ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Social ◽  
Intellectual Abilities ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Educational Potential ◽  
Insight Into

When searching for an educational space allowing a deeper insight into the issue of inclusion in the Czech Republic, we chose a gifted pupil during his compulsory school education among the inclusion users. We are primarily interested in pupils with extraordinary intellectual abilities. In many aspects, the status of these pupils is comparable to the situation of other groups of pupils with special educational needs (SEN), as confirmed by relevant findings of both our and foreign researchers. Our focus is primarily on the broader, rather than just cognitive, issue of inclusive education. Using the example of the risks associated with the unequal social development of the gifted child, we attempt to point out the complexity and interconnectivity of the social and cognitive dimension of the child’s development. We assume that the goal of inclusion is a healthy and developed personal social competence, allowing the individual to overcome the obstacles resulting from his/her diversity and enabling him/her to develop his/her educational potential, to participate fully in society and to have access to all its resources.

The Political Significance of Hegel's Concept of Recognition in the Phenomenology

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 38-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Duquette
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Phenomenology Of Spirit ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychological Significance ◽  
Political Works ◽  
The Individual

There has been much debate regarding interpretation of the concept of recognition (Anerkennung) in Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit. Among the issues discussed in various commentaries, two that I find particularly interesting and important are: a) the question of the social and historical vs psychological significance of the concept of recognition which appears in Chapter 4 of Hegel's Phenomenology and b) the status of the dialectic of lordship and bondage for understanding the nature of the reconciliation of self-consciousness in the realm of objective spirit. Both of these topics have been widely discussed and I could not pretend to do justice to them in the space of this paper. My particular interest here is to discuss the political significance of Hegel's concept of recognition, specifically by exploring its connection to Hegel's overtly political works, especially the Philosophy of Right with its articulation of the Idea of the state. However, before proceeding directly to that task, I would like to begin with some comments on the two issues I just mentioned, as they are relevant to my topic. In an essay entitled “Notes on Hegel's ‘Lordship and Bondage’” George Amstrong Kelly cautions the reader of the Phenomenology against oversimplifying Hegel's concept of recognition. There are two oversimplifications in particular that he worries about: (1) reducing the significance of Anerkennung to a social and political reading, and (2) (in Kelly's words) “the master- slave relationship is made an unqualified device for clarifying the progress of human history”, (p 191) The first mistake is avoided by seeing, in addition to the social “angle”, the “pattern of psychological domination and servitude within the individual ego”, (p 195) According to Kelly, “The problem of lordship and bondage is essentially Platonic in foundation, because the primal cleavage in both the history of society and the history of the ego is at stake. The two primordial egos in the struggle that will lead to mastery and slavery are also locked within themselves”, (p 199) The internal aspects of lordship and bondage are found in the struggle for self-awareness between self and other within the Ego, eg., in terms of appetition vs spiritual self-regard, opposed faculties in the ego that once awakened must be brought into harmony. As Kelly puts it in his book Idealism, Politics and History, “man remits the tensions of his being upon the world of fellow beings and is himself changed in the process. This relationship furnishes the bridge between psychology and history”, (p 334)

scholarly journals Augmenting Surveys With Data From Sensors and Apps: Opportunities and Challenges

2020 ◽  
pp. 089443932097995
Author(s):  
Bella Struminskaya ◽  
Peter Lugtig ◽  
Florian Keusch ◽  
Jan Karem Höhne
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
The Social ◽  
Internal States

The increasing volume of “Big Data” produced by sensors and smart devices can transform the social and behavioral sciences. Several successful studies used digital data to provide new insights into social reality. This special issue argues that the true power of these data for the social sciences lies in connecting new data sources with surveys. While new digital data are rich in volume, they seldomly cover the full population nor do they provide insights into individuals’ feelings, motivations, and attitudes. Conversely, survey data, while well suited for measuring people’s internal states, are relatively poor at measuring behaviors and facts. Developing a methodology for integrating the two data sources can mitigate their respective weaknesses. Sensors and apps on smartphones are useful for collecting both survey data and digital data. For example, smartphones can track people’s travel behavior and ask questions about its motives. A general methodology on the augmentation of surveys with data from sensors and apps is currently missing. Issues of representativeness, processing, storage, data linkage, and how to combine survey data with sensor and app data to produce one statistic of interest pertain. This editorial to the special issue on “Using Mobile Apps and Sensors in Surveys” provides an introduction to this new field, presents an overview of challenges, opportunities, and sets a research agenda. We introduce the four papers in this special issue that focus on these opportunities and challenges and provide practical applications and solutions for integrating sensor- and app-based data collection into surveys.

scholarly journals Security v. Privacy - Legal Aspects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Chałubińska-Jentkiewicz ◽  
◽  
Monika Nowikowska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Security Policy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Security And Privacy ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Private Entity ◽  
The Individual

The monograph is an attempt to indicate areas where there are threats to the privacy of an individual in the conditions of development of new technologies and to determine necessary regulatory directions. There is no doubt that one of the task of the state is to protect the safety of its citizens. Necessary is therefore to establish the status of an individual in the conditions of legal regulations ensuring protecting personal and public safety, and indication of new rules for the operation of public administration and to specify the limits of interference by public authorities. Implemented by state authorities some tasks may constitute a significant limitation of the legal protection of life private entity, guaranteed in art. 47 of the Polish Constitution. In that sense there is a natural antinomy between state security and privacy of the individual, the freedom of the individual from state interference. Society undoubtedly, it is willing to give up part of its freedom in exchange for security. These concessions are called part of the social contract. Challenge but it is the fixing of mutual limits of concessions between freedom and safety. How much can an individual be expected to relinquish freedom for the sake of common security and vice versa, to what extent can be waived from the implementation of security policy to ensure the necessary scope of freedom.

scholarly journals Reasons modern and contemporary applications social and political engineering in the west

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-50
Author(s):  
أ.د.علي عباس مراد
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
The West ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Dimensions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Political Realities

The results of the historical review of social and political realities in general show that the practical and procedural applications of social engineering as a particular activity primarily of the social and political characteristics of man and society emerged in modern Western societies before appearing in other societies, These results also show that the emergence of these practical reasons and their applications in the West has also seen the emergence of modern theoretical foundations there, which seems to be the usual and usual context everywhere and in most or not all areas of life. Since the social and political dimensions are intertwined in human life and are in full, comprehensive and lasting harmony, interest in this geometry has been shown in the West since early, in the form of interest in the social engineering of the individual and society rather than in the interest of political engineering. If, in the early stages of Western history, the motives and practical applications of social engineering took the form of socio-political education, which in the past had no other forms

scholarly journals Collective patterns of social diffusion are shaped by individual inertia and trend-seeking

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengbin Ye ◽  
Lorenzo Zino ◽  
Žan Mlakar ◽  
Jan Willem Bolderdijk ◽  
Hans Risselada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Level ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Social Conventions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Diffusion Pattern ◽  
Social Diffusion ◽  
Psychology Literature ◽  
The Individual

AbstractSocial conventions change when individuals collectively adopt an alternative over the status quo, in a process known as social diffusion. Our repeated trials of a multi-round experiment provided data that helped motivate the proposal of an agent-based model of social diffusion that incorporates inertia and trend-seeking, two behavioural mechanisms that are well documented in the social psychology literature. The former causes people to stick with their current decision, the latter creates sensitivity to population-level changes. We show that such inclusion resolves the contradictions of existing models, allowing to reproduce patterns of social diffusion which are consistent with our data and existing empirical observations at both the individual and population level. The model reveals how the emergent population-level diffusion pattern is critically shaped by the two individual-level mechanisms; trend-seeking guarantees the diffusion is explosive after the diffusion process takes off, but inertia can greatly delay the time to take-off.

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