scholarly journals Reasons modern and contemporary applications social and political engineering in the west

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-50
Author(s):  
أ.د.علي عباس مراد
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
The West ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Dimensions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Political Realities

The results of the historical review of social and political realities in general show that the practical and procedural applications of social engineering as a particular activity primarily of the social and political characteristics of man and society emerged in modern Western societies before appearing in other societies, These results also show that the emergence of these practical reasons and their applications in the West has also seen the emergence of modern theoretical foundations there, which seems to be the usual and usual context everywhere and in most or not all areas of life. Since the social and political dimensions are intertwined in human life and are in full, comprehensive and lasting harmony, interest in this geometry has been shown in the West since early, in the form of interest in the social engineering of the individual and society rather than in the interest of political engineering. If, in the early stages of Western history, the motives and practical applications of social engineering took the form of socio-political education, which in the past had no other forms

scholarly journals International Symposium on Islam and Modernity

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-131
Author(s):  
IIIT- Pakistan Office
Keyword(s):  
International Symposium ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Mutual Respect ◽  
The West ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
Islamic Resurgence ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Islam And Modernity

The three-day seminar on “Islam and Modernity” was held under thejoint auspices of the Goethe Institute (Karachi), the International Instituteof Islamic Thought (Islamabad), and the Islamic Research Institute (Islamabad).Thirty scholars from Pakistan and four scholars from Germanyparticipated as delegates, and an equal number of other scholars,journalists, and bureaucrats attended as observers. The seminar addressedfour themes: a) The State: Legitimation and Participation; (b) The Law:Law and Justice; (c) The Economy and Finance: Economy and Ethics;and (d) Society: Equality and Justice. The sesions were arranged to giveadequate time to the presenters and for follow-up discussion.In general, the seminar sought to create a better understanding andappreciation of the current self-assertion in the Muslim world and theways in which Muslims are dealing with modernity. There is a growingbelief among Muslims that it is possible to achieve developmental goals,as well as those of material and social welfare, within the framework ofIslam. This, it is believed, would save their societies from moral degradation,the breakdown of social and family structures, the dehumanizationof human life, and other negative features of western modernity.This resurgence often generates fear and apprehension in the West,a reaction that might be partially due to sporadic acts of violence by Muslimextremists. The West’s perception of Islamic resurgence is thuscolored, which undermines its ability to see it for what it really is. Despitethis, however, many people in the West feel the need for a betterunderstanding of the changes taking place in Muslim societies and forentering into a dialogue with their Muslim counterparts in order toexplore the possibility of promoting mutual respect and creating anatmosphere of meaningful and peaceful coexistence.In addition to the general divide between Islam and the West, thereis a secular vs. Islamist divide within Muslim societies. Some adhere tothe secular view of life and seek to confine religion to a private concern,while others want to restructure the individual and all elements of sociallife according to Islamic principles and values ...

scholarly journals “IT’S BETTER WHEN IT’S DONE FOR EVERYONE”: THE INDIVIDUAL AND THE SOCIAL IN THE COMPREHENSION OF DEATH IN L. YA. GINSBURG’S NOTES OF THE 1920–1940s

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-135
Author(s):  
Svetlana Yu. Malysheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Autobiographical Narratives ◽  
Literary Critic ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Soviet History ◽  
The Social ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
Death Experience ◽  
The Individual

The article considers how during the 1920–1940s the problems of death, finality of human existence, immortality, postmortem ritual, guilt and repentance were thought through and developed by the outstanding Russian literary critic and thinker L. Yа. Ginzburg in the interesting and peculiar forms of ego-documents. The borderline nature of genre of her notes and autobiographical “narratives” — between ego-documents and literature — have led to a close interweaving in her reflections of personal, social and historical experience, as well as the intellectual tradition of thinking about the finitude of life and contributed to the creation of an original author’s system of ideas about death. The article shows the stages of formation of these perceptions correlated with the aspects of death actualized in this or that period of Soviet history in the 1920–1940s. From the reflection of the mid-1920s on the “lightness” and unremarkableness of death, a reverse side of the devaluation of life, Ginzburg came in the second half of the 1930s to the necessity of conceptual thinking about death, without which understanding the meaning of life was impossible. Experience of the war and blockade fills this reflection with an understanding of the nature of heroism and heroic death (as the only possible freedom in conditions of unfreedom of war), of the mechanisms of the work of grief, guilt and remorse as a tragic near-death experience in the event of loss of loved ones. The understanding of death, imbued with humanism and sociality, with a sense of experience of common human connections, has become an essential part of Ginzburg’s concept of human life in the postindividualist era.

scholarly journals СОЦІАЛЬНА ПОЛІТИКА ПРАВОСЛАВНИХ ЦЕРКОВ УКРАЇНИ В КОНТЕКСТІ ДЕРЖАВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
MARTYSHYN D.,
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Science Philosophy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Doctrine Of The Church ◽  
The Church

У статті подано виклад сучасних теоретичних засад соціальноїполітики українських православних церков і практичної діяльностірелігійних громад в умовах процесів глобалізації. Показано взаємозв’язоксоціального вчення церкви з державним управлінням, політологією,філософією та соціологією. Осмислено актуальні проблеми в реалізаціїсоціального служіння церков та можливі шляхи модернізації соціальноїполітики церкви. Автор вважає, що соціальна сфера не лише суспільства,але й церковного буття являє собою складну й динамічну парадигмудуховного й соціального розвитку сучасного світу. Вонахарактеризується низкою різнобічних параметрів, які окреслюютьпарадигми життєдіяльності людства. Оскільки особисте життя,професійна діяльність і місія християнина відбуваються у життідержави, то й будь-які зміни у ній приводять до змін у становищіокремої людини, і навпаки. Соціальна політика церкви є одним з головнихнапрямів місії церкви у сучасному світі і має відповідати теологічнійдумці християнства. Ігнорування релігійними громадами питаннясоціальної політики може призвести до втрати конструктивного йпозитивного впливу релігії на життя суспільства. The article describes the modern theoretical foundations of social policy ofUkrainian Orthodox Churches and the practical activities of religiouscommunities in the conditions of globalization processes. The interrelation ofthe social doctrine of the Church with public administration, political science,philosophy and sociology is shown. The actual problems in implementing thesocial service of Churches and possible ways of modernizing the social policyof the Church are comprehensively understood. The author believes that thesocial sphere not only of society, but also of Church life is a complex anddynamic paradigm of spiritual and social development of the modern world. Itis characterized by a variety of versatile parameters that outline the paradigmsof human life. Since the personal life, professional activity and mission of aChristian occur in the life of the state, then any changes in it lead to changes inthe situation of the individual and vice versa. The social policy of the Church isone of the main directions of the mission of the Church in the modern worldand should correspond to the theological thought of Christianity. Ignoring byreligious communities the issue of social policy can lead to the loss of theconstructive and positive influence of religion on society

scholarly journals Wabah Menular dalam Karya Sastra

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-422
Author(s):  
Eva Farhah
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Infectious Virus ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Reception Theory ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Individual

Infectious plague has seized the attention of a number of experts in various scientific fields and squeezed a number of dimensions of human life. This is also inseparable from the attention of Arabic writers, Egypt, namely Thaha Husain in undergoing an infectious plague era. Through his work entitled Al-Mu'tazilah (1971), Thaha Husain highlights the individual and social conditions of the community at the time when an outbreak of an infectious virus struck and after it passed. This situation is the problem in this study. Thus, the purpose of this study is to describe, describe and critique the attitudes of individuals and social communities in the face of infectious plague. The various attitudes and behaviors presented in this literary text serve as primary research data and are analyzed by descriptive methods. That is an analytical method that emphasizes the description of a qualitative critical analysis data, and not produce numbers as quantitative research. Furthermore, literary reception theory is used to express research analysis by its work, namely the method of textual criticism in order to obtain an objective and scientific analysis, then reinforced by secondary sources related to research. Thus, the results of this study are exemplary individual and social attitudes that can be implemented in contemporary life in the context of prevention, treatment and mutual assistance in dealing with infectious virus outbreaks. In addition, people can refrain from doing things that can harm the social environment.

MEDICAL CARE IN THE 1960'S

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-323
Author(s):  
Aims C. McGuinness
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
National Level ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Program Committee ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
The People ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The Social ◽  
State And Local ◽  
The Individual

YOU ARE APPROACHING the end of the first of 3 days of a beautiful scientific program covering a broad range of medical problems, many of which are of regular and repeated concern to the practitioner. Medicine, however, as a blend of the physical and biological sciences on the one hand, and of the social sciences on the other, cannot be separated from the socioeconomic setting in which it is practiced. It is significant, therefore, that your program committee has recognized this fact in scheduling this afternoon's mid-meeting interlude. A better title for this paper would be "Some Reflections on the Social and Economic Aspects of Medicine." I say "some reflections," for this is a vast subject, and about all I can hope to do in the time allotted is to skim over a few highlights which may serve as a stimulus to some of you to reflections of your own. Any consideration of the social and economic forces which are so inextricably related to today's complex medical care problems, perhaps would best be brought into perspective by a brief historical review. Self-sufficiency has been one of America's most cherished traditions—self-sufficiency of the individual, the family, the community, and the state; and in our federal system of government, action at national level has been invoked only to deal with problems of a magnitude and difficulty beyond the scope of the individual, and of government at state and local levels. It was in this context that Lincoln made his oftquoted statement to the effect that it is the function of government to do for the people only what they cannot do for themselves otherwise, or cannot do as well.

Communicating & Relating

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Arundale
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Communicative Interaction ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
The Social ◽  
Language And Social Interaction ◽  
Everyday Talk ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Research

Communicating & Relating offers an account of how relating with one another emerges in communicating in everyday interacting. Prior work has indicated that human relationships arise in human communicating, and some studies have made arguments for why that is the case. Communicating & Relating moves beyond this work to offer an account of how both relating and face emerge in everyday talk and conduct: what comprises human communicating, what defines human social systems, how the social and the individual are linked in human life, and what comprises human relating and face. Part 1 develops the Conjoint Co-constituting Model of Communicating to address the question “How do participants constitute turns, actions, and meanings in everyday interacting?” Part 2 argues that the processes of constituting what is known cross-culturally as “face” are the processes of constituting relating, and develops Face Constituting Theory to address the question “How do participants constitute relating in everyday interacting?” The answers to both questions are grounded in evidence from everyday talk and conduct. Communicating & Relating is an invitation to engage its alternative account in research on communicating, relating, and face in language and social interaction. Like other volumes in the Foundations of Human Interaction series, Communicating & Relating offers new perspectives and new research on communicative interaction and on human relationships as key elements of human sociality.

Conceptualising dementia

2020 ◽  
pp. 165-198
Author(s):  
Alisoun Milne
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Social Citizenship ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Dimensions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Uk

The way dementia is conceptualised influences the wellbeing and treatment of people living with the condition. The traditional neuro-degenerative model has increasingly been challenged. Significant contributions include the 1970’s concepts of malignant social psychologv and personhood, the 1990’s drive to engage with the social model of disability, and the recent development of the social citizenship approach. Not only has this new paradigm widened the conceptual lens through which dementia is viewed but it has incorporated issues, beyond the biomedical, that extend our understanding of dementia as a situated condition and lived experience. It is situated in relationships, a lifecourse and a socio-political context and is shaped by inequalities and limited engagement with rights and social justice. Dementia is a multi-dimensional phenomenon and requires a response that addresses its clinical, psychological, social and political dimensions. The new paradigm helps re-focus policy, care and research on the person rather than the condition; relocates the ‘problem’ from the individual to societal structures, attitudes, policy and services; demands new forms of critical practice; and engages with the perspectives of people living with dementia. Whilst there are dementia specific policies in the UK they have limited legal traction and are not integrated with other relevant policies.

The New Technopolitics of Development and the Global South as a Laboratory of Technological Experimentation

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 947-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Moe Fejerskov
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Global South ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
The Political ◽  
The West ◽  
Gates Foundation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Contemporary Technology

Science and technology have been integral issues of development cooperation for more than sixty years. Contrary to early efforts’ transfer of established technologies from the West to developing countries, contemporary technology aspirations increasingly articulate and practice the Global South as a live laboratory for technological experimentation. This approach is especially furthered by a group of private foundations and philanthrocapitalists whose endeavors in developing countries are, like their companies, shaped by logics of the individual, the market, and of societal progress through technological innovation and experimentation. This article draws upon critical intellectual thought about the political and social ramifications of technology to reflect on the renascent role of technology in development cooperation. It traces the discourses and practices of philanthrocapitalist organizations, in particular the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, to understand how their experimentalist technology aspirations influence human life and relations in the Global South. This article argues that this newfound focus on technology in development cooperation may challenge the essence of democracy, reduce participation, and have undesirable consequences for populations in the Global South.

scholarly journals In the Path of Vydūnas: Moral Values and Social Engineering as the Tool for the Welfare State Creation

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edvardas Rimkus
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Wide Sense ◽  
Engineering Economics ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Welfare State ◽  
State Creation

The article analyses the relationship between democracy and technocracy invoking Lithuanian philosopher Vydūnas’ view on the role of moral values playing in the state. Investigating projects directed to the welfare state creation the author asks how much these projects are technocratic in the narrow sense – performing with the help of knowledge of nature sciences, engineering, economics and other, and what role in these projects moral values play. The author distinguishes two types of projects – technocracy in the narrow and in the wide sense. The latter is defined as social engineering based on the interdisciplinary discussion of experts on the questions linked with moral values. The main theses defended are the following: democracy ant technocracy as the methods of governance should not be contrasted; technocracy could not replace democracy which is the system defending freedom of the individual person; moral ideals (freedom, equality, justice, seeking of common good) are the basic guide in the sphere of values for the social engineering directed to the creation of welfare state.

scholarly journals Passage from Youth to Adulthood in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2021/1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda Papp
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Japanese Society ◽  
Coming Of Age ◽  
World View ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Ritual Practice ◽  
Major Transitions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Contemporary Practice

Coming of age, as one of the major transitions in the human life cycle, marks the threshold between childhood and adulthood. This transition involves the physical and psychological, as well as the social maturity of the individual. The present article discusses the contemporary practice of the Japanese coming of age ritual, known as seijinshiki, which although it is a relatively modern invention, is nourished by a century-long tradition of coming of age rituals as well as by the traditional world-view on the human life cycle. Today, the ceremony is facing a new challenge due to the upcoming changes in the age of legal adulthood in Japan. Seijinshiki is an excellent example of how change is integrated as well as reflected throughout ritual practice. It vividly reflects social processes as well as mirroring several problems that Japanese society has been facing in our own time. The paper will examine some of these problems together with the major changes that affected the various forms of coming of age rites in Japan across history. The paper also demonstrates that ritual continues to be regarded in Japan as a valid social and individual instrument to treat passages in human life.

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