scholarly journals The Role of an Innovative Liposomal Form of Iron Pyrophosphate in the Correction of Oxygen Transfer Disorders in Representatives of Olympic Cyclic Sports

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 90-104
Author(s):  
L. M. Gunina ◽  
◽  
S. I. Danylchenko ◽  
E. V. Nosach ◽  
R. V. Golovashchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Latent Iron Deficiency ◽  
Sports Anemia

Today, sports anemia occurs in elite sports quite often, although it is not a disease (does not apply to ICD-10), but only a pathological condition. Sports anemia is characterized by changes in the red link of the blood, and it is associated with a decrease in the content of erythrocytes and / or hemoglobin. However, this condition leads to a significant decrease in physical performance, and, consequently, the effectiveness of the competitive activity of representatives, first of all, of cyclic sports. Athletes are more sensitive to the effects of anemia and iron deficiency than people who are not constantly exposed to intense physical activity, since performance depends on the maximum oxygen consumption and utilization of active muscles. Sports anemia is often iron deficient, as well as B12 and folate deficient. Therefore, the assessment of various factors accompanying the development of anemia and the development of technologies for the correction of this pathological condition is an important task of sports laboratory diagnostics, as well as pharmacology and nutritional science of sports. Material and methods. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to assess the safety and effectiveness of the effect of a course use of the Santeferra dietary supplement containing liposomal ferric iron in the form of pyrophosphate, vitamins B9, B12 and ascorbic acid on the results of training activities of representatives of cyclic sports with predominantly an aerobic energy supply mechanism. In the course of a dynamic study, which lasted 60 days, the parameters of hematological homeostasis and accumulation, metabolism and transport of iron (content of serum iron, transferrin, ferritin, folic acid, iron binding capacity of serum, saturation of transferrin with iron), as well as the level of serum erythropoietin and the severity of oxidative stress were assessed directly in the membranes of erythrocytes. In parallel, we determined the indicators of aerobic endurance: the absolute and relative values of the maximum oxygen consumption and the PWC170 value. Results and discussion. We found out that in the study sample of 67 athletes who specialized in sports with aerobic energy supply (running disciplines of athletics, rowing and canoeing, triathlon, cross-country skiing), 19 (28.35%) had manifestations of sports anemia, and 23 (34.32%) had latent iron deficiency, which also negatively effect on their physical performance. The course application of Santefrerra, 1 capsule per day for 60 days, helped to normalize the accumulation, transport and metabolism of iron, as well as to significantly reduce the manifestations of oxidative stress that occurs under the influence of prolonged physical exertion. In athletes with anemia and latent iron deficiency, practically no changes in the content of erythropoietin in the blood serum were found. At the end of the course of taking a dietary supplement, the indicators of the relative maximum oxygen consumption in the athletes of the main group increased by 11.5% (P <0.05) and the results of the PWC170 test by 11.4% (P <0.05) which displays predominantly aerobic endurance. In the placebo-control groups, we noted no positive dynamics in indicators of the red link of hematological homeostasis and the accumulation, metabolism and transport of iron, as well as the parameters of the prooxidant-antioxidant balance directly in the erythrocyte membranes during the 60-day observation period. Indicators of aerobic endurance also remained unchanged. Conclusion. Thus, the course using Santeferra is not accompanied by the development of side effects and is effective for the treatment of iron deficiencies in athletes

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS AND STEP AEROBICS ON PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE IN FIRST-YEAR FEMALE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS NOT RELATED TO SPORT

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Avdeeva ◽  
T Belicheva
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
University Students ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
First Year ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim. The article deals with establishing the effect of step aerobics and artistic gymnastics on physical performance in first year female university students. Materials and methods. 80 full-time female university students participated in the study. The first group practiced artistic gymnastics (Group 1, n = 40), the second group (Group 2, n = 40) – step aerobics. The mean age was 18.35 ± 0.04 years. In September and December 2017, their physical development, physical fitness, physical performance, respiratory and cardiovascular systems were assessed based on standard procedures using the data of maximum oxygen consumption and the step test. Results. At the beginning of the experiments, there were no statistically significant differences between Group 1 and Group 2. The mean maximum oxygen consumption values corresponded to satisfactory performance (39.85 ± 0.37 – Group 1, 38.92 ± 0.42 – Group 2, р = 0.1). At the end of the experiment, there were statistically significant differences in terms of the mean maximum oxygen consumption: 40.73 ± 0.21 – Group 1 and 41.61 ± 0.21 – Group 2. The results of the ranking showed that the majority of participants demonstrated an increase in physical performance. Group 1 showed an increase in the standing long jump, Group 2 improved 2000 m running time and the standing long jump. Group 2 also demonstrated a decrease in heart rate and an increase in adaptation capacities. Conclusion. The lessons of artistic gymnastics during a semester do not influence significantly physical performance but improve speed-strength characteristics. Step aerobics influences positively physical performance, speed-strength characteristics, and the cardio­vascular system in first-year female university students not related to sport.

scholarly journals Carnitine metabolism and maximum oxygen consumption in young athletes

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 209-214
Author(s):  
N. V. Rylova ◽  
A. V. Zholinsky ◽  
A. A. Biktimirova
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Physical Exertion ◽  
Free Carnitine ◽  
Aerobic Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Absolute Maximum ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Young Athletes

Purpose. To assess physical performance of children doing sports on the basis of carnitine exchange indicators.Characteristics of children and research methods. The study involved 94 young athletes and 37 schoolchildren (Control Group). The researchers studied such indicators as free and bound carnitine, maximum oxygen consumption and body composition.Results. The study noted positive reliable correlations between the level of absolute maximum oxygen consumption and the content of total and free carnitine in the blood. The data obtained may indicate greater aerobic performance in athletes with a high level of free carnitine in the blood, since its sufficient amount provides adequate cellular energy exchange.Conclusion. Thus, studying the state of carnitine indicators and body composition, it is possible to predict physical performance of children and to prevent deterioration of health in children during intense physical exertion.

scholarly journals P0961PHYSICAL REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE OF PRE -DIALYSIS STAGES

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Durdona Saipova
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption

Abstract Background and Aims Chronic kidney disease is a global public health problem. Poor physical condition and skeletal muscle depletion are associated with the combined effects of uremic acidosis, protein-energy deficiency and inflammatory depletion, which leads to further exacerbation of a sedentary lifestyle. The aim of the determination of physical performance and the effectiveness of physical training during the 12-week program in patients with CKD of pre-dialysis stages. Method We examined 130 patients with CKD 2-4 stages. Clinical parameters (BP, BMI, mid-thigh circumference, mid-shoulder circumference, mid-calf circumference), laboratory data (serum creatinine, serum cholesterol, serum albumin, serum phosphorus, serum calcium) were evaluated in all patients according to the formula CKD-EPI 2011. Physical performance was determined by the results of cardiopulmonary stress test. In accordance with the initial data of the patients, a 12-week physical rehabilitation program was individually selected, which included morning exercises, physiotherapy exercises and dosed walking . The data obtained were subjected to statistical processing. Results The average age of patients was 54.8 years. Of these, 52 women (40%) and 78 (60%) men. The estimated glomerular filtration rate varied from 30 to 60 ml / min / 1.73 m2, which corresponded to the indicators of the pre-dialysis stages of CKD. After a 12-week rehabilitation program, the maximal oxygen consumption (V O2peak) increased in 70% of regularly engaged patients by 1.2 times (22.31 ml / min / kg and 27.05 ml / min / kg, respectively), and in 30% of those who did not pass the course Exercise therapy, the indicator of maximum oxygen consumption after 12 weeks was 21.7 ml / min / kg (with an initial 23.7 ml / min / kg) The average blood pressure decreased slightly (from 111 ± 5 initially to 106 ± 5 mm Hg after 12 weeks, p&lt;0.05) When measuring anthropometric parameters, it was found that the circle the mid-thigh increased from 46.5 ± 6.0 cm to 0.6 cm, the circumference of the middle of the shoulder increased from 31.1 ± 4.0 cm to 0.4 cm. The circumference of the middle part of the lower leg was initially 356.7 ± 3.8 cm, and after 12 weeks of training it increased 0.3 cm. In 9 patients, these parameters did not change after a 12-week program. Conclusion Regular physical training led to an increase in the maximum oxygen consumption by 1.2 times. It was noted that regular training contributes to a slight increase in muscle mass in patients with CKD. The importance of regularity of physical therapy classes was also revealed.

CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM UNDER BICYCLE ERGOMETER TEST IN SKIERS WITH DIFFERENT TRAINING STATUS (KOMI REPUBLIC)

2019 ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Yu.G. Solonin ◽  
T.P. Loginova ◽  
I.O. Garnov ◽  
A.L. Markov ◽  
A.A. Chernykh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Rate Pressure Product ◽  
Training Status ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Bicycle Ergometry ◽  
Cardiorespiratory System ◽  
Unit Pulse ◽  
Ski Racers

The aim of the study is to examine the impact of training status on ski racers (Komi Republic) at rest and under bicycle ergometry evaluating their cardiorespiratory system parameters. Materials and Methods. The authors examined male ski racers with different training status: 22 first-rank sportsmen, 22 candidates for Master of Sports and 22 Masters of Sports. Athletes underwent bicycle ergometry loads up to refusal. Oxycon Pro system (Germany) was used. Then authors studied the complex of cardiorespiratory parameters, calculating maximum oxygen consumption and unit physiological cost. Results. At rest and under standard physical load (200 W) Masters of Sports demonstrate significantly increased training status among ski racers in such cardiorespiratory system parameters as heart rate, rate pressure product and oxygen pulse. Under standard physical load (200 W) statistically significant differences between first-rank sportsmen and candidates for Master of Sports are detected by heart rate, rate pressure product, respiration rate, respiratory minute volume and oxygen utilization coefficient. Such deviations indicate differences in training status. Under maximum load, the highest training status is found in Masters of Sports: bicycle ergometry load power and duration; unit pulse, pressor and cardiac cost, bulk and unit values of maximum oxygen consumption. Heart rate values, unit pulse and heart-vent cost indicate a high training status in candidates for Master of Sports under load up to refusal, if compared with first-rank sportsmen. Athletes’ organism under load up to refusal works more efficiently than under moderate load (200 W). The training status in ski racers (Komi Republic) is manifested in the saving cardiorespiratory system functions, both at rest and under standard bicycle ergometry, as well as in parameters of unit physiological cost under loads up to refusal and increased values of maximum oxygen consumption. Keywords: ski racers, Komi Republic, training status, bicycle ergometry loads, cardiorespiratory system, maximum oxygen consumption.

scholarly journals Zumba®, Fat Mass and Maximum Oxygen Consumption: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Manuel Chavarrias ◽  
Santos Villafaina ◽  
Ana Myriam Lavín-Pérez ◽  
Jorge Carlos-Vivas ◽  
Eugenio Merellano-Navarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Maximum Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Mass Percentage ◽  
Large Heterogeneity

Background and objectives: Obesity or overweight is associated with many health risk factors and preventable mortality. Even people with normal weight and without history of obesity or overweight should avoid weight gain to reduce health risks factors. In this regard Latin aerobic dances involved in Zumba® practice make this modality motivating for people. Apart from weight loss and VO2peak benefits, Zumba practice is also interesting by the increase in adherence which can also avoid weight regain. The aim was to systematically review the scientific literature about the effects of any randomized intervention of Zumba® practice on total fat mass (%) and maximum oxygen consumption (VO2peak), besides establishing directions for the clinical practice. Evidence acquisition: Two systematic searches were conducted in two electronic databases following the PRISMA guidelines. The eligibility criteria were (a) outcomes: body mass or VO2peak data including mean and standard deviation (SD) before and after Zumba® intervention, (b) study design: randomized controlled trial (RCT) and (c) language: English. GRADE guidelines were used to assess the quality of evidence. A meta-analysis was performed to determine mean differences. Nine and four studies were selected for fat mass percentage and VO2peak in the systematic review, respectively. However, only eight studies for fat mass percentage and three for VO2peak could be included in the meta-analysis. Evidence synthesis: The overall standardized mean difference for fat mass was −0.25 with a 95% CI from −0.67 to 0.16 with a p-value of 0.69, with large heterogeneity. On the other hand, the overall effect size for VO2peak was 0.53 (95% CI from 0.04 to 1.02 with a p-value of 0.03) with large heterogeneity. Conclusions: Based on the evidence, we cannot conclude that Zumba® is effective at reducing body mass but it may improve VO2peak. However, the limited number of studies that met the inclusion criteria makes it too early to reach a definite conclusion, so more research is needed.

scholarly journals Curcumin Potentiates α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors and Alleviates Autistic-Like Social Deficits and Brain Oxidative Stress Status in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7251
Author(s):  
Petrilla Jayaprakash ◽  
Dmytro Isaev ◽  
Waheed Shabbir ◽  
Dietrich E. Lorke ◽  
Bassem Sadek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Social Deficits ◽  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine ◽  
Oxidative Stress Status ◽  
Inward Currents ◽  
Α7 Nachrs

Autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) refers to a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impaired social interaction and cognitive deficit, restricted repetitive behaviors, altered immune responses, and imbalanced oxidative stress status. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in studying the role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), specifically α7-nAChRs, in the CNS. Influence of agonists for α7-nAChRs on the cognitive behavior, learning, and memory formation has been demonstrated in neuro-pathological condition such as ASD and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Curcumin (CUR), the active compound of the spice turmeric, has been shown to act as a positive allosteric modulator of α7-nAChRs. Here we hypothesize that CUR, acting through α7-nAChRs, influences the neuropathology of ASD. In patch clamp studies, fast inward currents activated by choline, a selective agonist of α7-nAChRs, were significantly potentiated by CUR. Moreover, choline induced enhancement of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents was markedly increased in the presence of CUR. Furthermore, CUR (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) ameliorated dose-dependent social deficits without affecting locomotor activity or anxiety-like behaviors of tested male Black and Tan BRachyury (BTBR) mice. In addition, CUR (50 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) mitigated oxidative stress status by restoring the decreased levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the hippocampus and the cerebellum of treated mice. Collectively, the observed results indicate that CUR potentiates α7-nAChRs in native central nervous system neurons, mitigates disturbed oxidative stress, and alleviates ASD-like features in BTBR mice used as an idiopathic rodent model of ASD, and may represent a promising novel pharmacological strategy for ASD treatment.

scholarly journals Serum Albumin Redox States: More than Oxidative Stress Biomarker

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 503
Author(s):  
Fuka Tabata ◽  
Yasuaki Wada ◽  
Satomi Kawakami ◽  
Kazuhiro Miyaji
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Cysteine Residue ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Systemic Oxidative Stress

Serum albumin is the most abundant circulating protein in mammals including humans. It has three isoforms according to the redox state of the free cysteine residue at position 34, named as mercaptalbumin (reduced albumin), non-mercaptalbumin-1 and -2 (oxidized albumin), respectively. The serum albumin redox state has long been viewed as a biomarker of systemic oxidative stress, as the redox state shifts to a more oxidized state in response to the severity of the pathological condition in various diseases such as liver diseases and renal failures. However, recent ex vivo studies revealed oxidized albumin per se could aggravate the pathological conditions. Furthermore, the possibility of the serum albumin redox state as a sensitive protein nutrition biomarker has also been demonstrated in a series of animal studies. A paradigm shift is thus ongoing in the research field of the serum albumin. This article provides an updated overview of analytical techniques for serum albumin redox state and its association with human health, focusing on recent findings.

scholarly journals Responses of hypertrophied myocytes to reactive species: implications for glycolysis and electrophile metabolism

2011 ◽  
Vol 435 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian E. Sansbury ◽  
Daniel W. Riggs ◽  
Robert E. Brainard ◽  
Joshua K. Salabei ◽  
Steven P. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Cellular Protein ◽  
Reactive Species ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Glycolytic Flux ◽  
Rat Cardiomyocytes

During cardiac remodelling, the heart generates higher levels of reactive species; yet an intermediate ‘compensatory’ stage of hypertrophy is associated with a greater ability to withstand oxidative stress. The mechanisms underlying this protected myocardial phenotype are poorly understood. We examined how a cellular model of hypertrophy deals with electrophilic insults, such as would occur upon ischaemia or in the failing heart. For this, we measured energetics in control and PE (phenylephrine)-treated NRCMs (neonatal rat cardiomyocytes) under basal conditions and when stressed with HNE (4-hydroxynonenal). PE treatment caused hypertrophy as indicated by augmented atrial natriuretic peptide and increased cellular protein content. Hypertrophied myocytes demonstrated a 2.5-fold increase in ATP-linked oxygen consumption and a robust augmentation of oligomycin-stimulated glycolytic flux and lactate production. Hypertrophied myocytes displayed a protected phenotype that was resistant to HNE-induced cell death and a unique bioenergetic response characterized by a delayed and abrogated rate of oxygen consumption and a 2-fold increase in glycolysis upon HNE exposure. This augmentation of glycolytic flux was not due to increased glucose uptake, suggesting that electrophile stress results in utilization of intracellular glycogen stores to support the increased energy demand. Hypertrophied myocytes also had an increased propensity to oxidize HNE to 4-hydroxynonenoic acid and sustained less protein damage due to acute HNE insults. Inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase resulted in bioenergetic collapse when myocytes were challenged with HNE. The integration of electrophile metabolism with glycolytic and mitochondrial energy production appears to be important for maintaining myocyte homoeostasis under conditions of increased oxidative stress.

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