REVIEWS OF THE OBJECT OF HUMAN TORTURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-75
Author(s):  
Zafarjon Omonov ◽  

In this article, induction research methods are widely used. In particular, one of the necessary elements of his crime is, first of all, anin-depth presentation of the object of torture and its features, the views of scientists. The series also describes the concept of the object of the crime of torture, its types and classification. The article also focuses on the composition of the crime of torture, the legal significance of the object of the crime of torture, in particular their specific criminal-legal aspects. At the same time, the qualifying features of the crime of torture and the characteristic features of the victim are comprehensively covered. Thus, when studying the object of torture: given that article 110 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan is placed in the section "crimes against the person", in the section "crimes against health", the object of torture is the interests of the person, and the special object is human health. The direct object of the crime of torture is a complex structure. The main direct object of torture is human health. An additional direct object of the crime of torture is the honor and dignity ofthe individual. In the crime of torture, the subject of the crime is not a mandatory element of the corpus delicti. Individual characteristics of the victim are insignificant for the main corpus delicti, but it is concluded that theoffender takes into account the differentiation of responsibility and individualization of responsibility for torture

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 44-59
Author(s):  
Lidia Peneva

Crimes against marriage and family are a particular group of social relation­ships that the law has defended properly in view of the high public significance and value they enjoy. At the moment they are regulated in Chapter VI, Section I, of the specific part of the Penal Code the Repub­lic of Bulgaria. The subject matter of this Statement will, however, be the legisla­tive provisions concerning these criminal­ized acts in retrospect. The purpose of the study is to show by historical method and through the comparatively legal method the development of these criminal groups during the periods of various criminal laws in Bulgaria. This will also provide a basis for reflection on possible de lege ferenda proposals. This report from a structural point of view will be divided into three distinct points, marking each of the penal laws in the Republic of Bulgaria, which were in force before 1968.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1138
Author(s):  
Ni Putu Ayu Bunga Sasmita ◽  
I Wayan Novy Purwanto

Penelitian ini bertujuan untukemahami bagaimanakah pengaturan jual beli online dalam hukum di Indonesia dan bagaimanakah aspek hukum jual beli secara online dalam perjanjian.  Penelitian ini, menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif. Sedangkan pendekatan yang digunakan adalah menggunakan pendekatan fakta dan statute approach. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pengaturan mengenai jual beli secara online diatur dalam ketentuan Pasal 18 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik, yang mana sebagai penerapan pasal 1313 KUHPerdata. Para pihak yang mengadakan perjanjian bisa menerapkan KUHPerdata yang jadi dasar diakui sahnya perjanjian dimana keabsahannya tercantum syarat 1320 KUHPerdata yakni:   kecakapan, kesepakatan, suatu sebab yang halal dan suatu hal tertentu.Sedangkan penerapan asas Konsensualisme dalam perjanjian online yang didasarkan oleh ketentuan dalam Pasal 1313 KUHPerdata yang menegaskan bahwa adanya suatu perjanjian berarti pihak satu dengan pihak lainnya setuju untuk mengikatkan dirinya.   This study aims to understand how the online arrangement in the sale and purchase agreement and how the legal aspects of buying and selling online in the agreement. This research uses normative legal research methods. While the approach used is to use the fact approach and statute approach. The results of this study indicate that the regulation regarding online trading is regulated in the provisions of Article 18 paragraph (1) of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 19 of 2016 concerning Amendment to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions, which is the legal basis for applying article 1313 of the Civil Code. The parties who entered into the agreement can apply the KUHPer which is the basis for the validity of the agreement where the validity is stated in the terms of the 1320 KUHPer, namely: skill, agreement, a halal cause and a certain thing. While the application of the principle of consensualism in an online agreement based on the provisions in Article 1313 of the KUHPer which confirms that an agreement means that one party with another party agrees to bind themselves.


Author(s):  
Алена Харламова ◽  
Alena Kharlamova ◽  
Юлия Белик ◽  
Yuliya Belik

The article is devoted to the problematic theoretical and practical issues of the content of the signs of the object of the crimes under Art. 166 of the Criminal Code. The authors determined the main direct object, revealed the essence of the right of ownership, use and disposal. Marked social relations that can act as an optional direct object. Particular attention is paid in the article to the subject of the crime. Attempts have been made to establish criteria that are crucial for the recognition of any vehicle as the subject of theft. The content of the terms “automobile” and “other vehicle” is disclosed. The analysis of the conformity of the literal interpretation of the criminal law to the interpretation of the law enforcer is carried out. It is summarized that the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation narrows the meaning of the term “other vehicle”, including in it only vehicles for the management of which, in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, is granted a special right. The authors provide a list of such vehicles and formulate a conclusion on the advisability of specifying them as the subject of a crime. The narration of the article is accompanied by examples of decisions of courts of various instances in cases of crimes under Art. 166 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation


2021 ◽  
pp. 136-143
Author(s):  
Ion Cojocari ◽  

The fight against trafficking of migrants is a common international concern that ensures the protection of the rights not to be subjected to slavery and conditions similar to slavery. This article deals with the subject of the crime of organizing illegal migration. Particular attention is paid to the status of the migrant, who under certain conditions can be considered the subject of the crime under consideration. In the Republic of Moldova, the trafficking of migrants is protected by the crime of “organizing illegal migration”. Paragraph 4 of Article 3621 of the Criminal Code, exonerates the migrant from criminal liability for the act prejudicial to the organization of illegal migration. However, the issue arises when the migrant is the object of the crime within the meaning of the Protocol against Trafficking of Migrants. The article analyzes the special quality of the subject of the crime and of the beneficiaries of international humanitarian protection. In the author’s opinion, there are many questions that need to be elucidated, such as: who is the subject of the crime? How old is he/she? What is the special subject of the crime, and what are the conditions when the migrant can be prosecuted? In the author’s view, in order to avoid violations of migrants’ rights, the Moldovan legislature must strengthen its position on the protection of migrants’ rights so that the national criminal law (which responsibly ensures the protection of migrants’ rights) complies with the Additional Protocol on Trafficking of Migrants, having as material object the migrant’s body (material object).


2021 ◽  
pp. 122-132
Author(s):  
Vadim Movileanu ◽  

This analysis focuses on one of the most complex and actual issues of the Special Part of the Penal Law: the penal liability for influence peddling, particularly the subject in the case of offenses of the influence peddling and the purchase of influence. In this sense, the subject of the crime provided in paragraph (1) article 326 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova is addressed in detail, which must be a person who has influence or who claims to have influence over a public person, persons with public dignity, foreign public figures or an international official. Thus, a person who has no influence or who does not claim to have influence over a public person, a person with a position of public dignity, foreign public figures or an international official can only contribute - through complicity, organization or instigation - upon execution of the objective side of the crime specified in paragraph (1) article 326 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova.


2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-150
Author(s):  
V. N. Voronin ◽  

The subject of the research is public relations in the field of application of art. 28 of the Criminal Code RF ("Innocent infliction of harm") in relation to medical workers. The author reveals certain problems of establishing a case (case) in case of defects in the provision of medical care, as well as the actions of a doctor in connection with neuropsychic overloads. The author proposes grounds for expanding the scope of application of art. 28 of the Criminal Code and minimization of the criminal law risk of a medical worker. The article presents and systematizes the main theoretical views on innocent harm in medicine, and also examines the available practical cases. The research methodology is based on private methods of legal analysis and legislative technique


2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 1145-1155
Author(s):  
Razzok Altiev

In the article, the author analyzes the subject and subjective aspects of the crime of fraud under Article 168 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan and develops a proposal to include the subjective side of the crime as a necessary feature in qualifying the act in order to improve the concept of fraud.


Kavkaz-forum ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.А. ТУАЛЛАГОВ

Статья посвящена анализу образа традиционного столика (фынг) в материалах Нартовского эпоса осетин. Актуальность рассматриваемой проблемы определяется наличием изданного обширного корпуса нартовских сказаний. Данное положение позволяет, с одной стороны, вывести в полном объеме характерные признаки данного объекта, а, с другой стороны, сопоставить их с данными археологии и этнографии. Научная новизна работы состоит в междисциплинарном подходе к исследованию, который обеспечивается, в том числе, впервые привлекаемыми к анализу материалами. Цель исследования состоит в выявлении волшебных и объективных конструктивных особенностей столиков как предметов быта в сопоставлении с реальными столиками алан и генетически связанными с ними столиками осетин. При проведении исследования применялись методы текстуального исследования источников, описательный, типологический и сравнительный методы исследования при фотофиксации изучаемых объектов, индуктивного и логического анализа на основе принципа историзма и системности изложения. В ходе исследования определилось наличие в эпосе двух видов представлений о предмете. Первый наделяет его волшебными свойствами самостоятельного передвижения и предоставления угощения при возможности повышения значимости предмета за счет приписывания ему изготовления из драгоценных металлов. Второй воспроизводит формы и конструктивные детали предмета, надежно сопоставимые с этнографическими и археологическими образцами. Возможно, отдельные из таких деталей послужили поводом к рождению представлений о некоторых волшебных способностях столика. Кроме того, археологические материалы предоставляют показательные примеры использования определенных типов древесины при изготовлении столов. Отмечаемые в научных изданиях попытки трактовать образ столика с мифологической позиции за счет символизма форм и чисел, представляется, как минимум, преждевременными. The article is devoted to the analysis of the image of the traditional table (fyng) in the materials of the Nart epic of the Ossetians. The relevance of the problem under consideration is determined by the existence of the published extensive corpus of the Narts’ sagas. This provision allows, on the one hand, to fully derive the characteristic features of this object, and, on the other hand, to compare them with the data of archeology and ethnography. The scientific novelty of the work consists in an interdisciplinary approach to research, which is provided, inter alia, by materials first brought to analysis. The purpose of the study is to identify the magical and objective design features of tables as household items in comparison with real Alanian tables and genetically related tables of the Ossetians. When conducting the research, methods of textual research of sources, descriptive, typological and comparative research methods were used for photographic fixation of the studied objects, inductive and logical analysis based on the principle of historicism and systematic presentation. The study determined the presence in the epos of two types of ideas about the subject. The first endows it with magical properties of independent movement and providing treats when it is possible to increase the significance of the subject by attributing to it the manufacture of precious metals. The second reproduces the forms and structural details of the subject, which are reliably comparable with ethnographic and archaeological samples. Perhaps some of these details gave rise to ideas about some of the table's magical abilities. In addition, archaeological materials provide illustrative examples of the use of certain types of wood in the manufacture of tables. The attempts to interpret the image of the table from a mythological position due to the symbolism of forms and numbers noted in scientific publications seem at least premature.


Teisė ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 175-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Makūnaitė

Straipsnyje analizuojami turto, kaip Lietuvos Respublikos baudžiamojo kodekso 1891 straipsnyje numatyto neteisėto praturtėjimo nusikaltimo dalyko, požymiai (forma, kilmė, vertė), akcentuojant kai kurias teorines ir praktines baudžiamosios atsakomybės už neteisėtą praturtėjimą problemas.  The article analyses characteristics (form, origin and value) of assets as the subject of crime of illicit enrichment provided in Article 1891 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania (CC), highlighting some theoretical and practical problems of criminal liability related to illicit enrichment. >


Author(s):  
Nicolae Postovanu ◽  

In the case of the offenses provided by the art. 264 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova, the place of committing determines the spatial limits of action of transport traffic or operational safety rules. As a result, in order to determine in a concrete case whether the art. 264 of the Criminal Code can be applied, it is necessary to determine the spatial limits of action of the concrete transport traffic or operational safety rules, which are violated by the subject. These limits are established in the normative acts referred to in art. 264 of the Criminal Code.


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