scholarly journals The strange case of Francis Dolarhyde and the Dragon: Alternating narrative points of view and the source of knowledge in Thomas Harris’ 'Red Dragon'

2018 ◽  
pp. 47-68
Author(s):  
Justyna Stiepanow
Keyword(s):  
Propositional Knowledge ◽  
Stream Of Consciousness ◽  
Narrative Voice ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Vast Array ◽  
Indirect Speech ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Modes Of Representation ◽  
Thomas Harris ◽  
Points Of View

This paper investigates the narrative voice employed by Thomas Harris in Red Dragon as a source of knowledge about the fictional universe, more particularly about the main villain, Francis Dolarhyde. Confronting important epistemological notions (knowledge, justification and their sources) with literary theoretical concepts (narrative voice and points of view), I analyse alternating modes of representation. Harris’ narrator shifts between three modes: the quasi-perceptual one – sense-based, rich in descriptive elements; the quasi-introspective narration carried out from a close subjective angle, using free indirect speech or stream of consciousness; and the testimonial mode – telling (rather than showing) the story through exposition resting on the principle of cause and effect. Employing a vast array of inter-textual pragmatics, the narrative remains ambiguous. In consequence, any proposition about Dolarhyde can be empirically and rationally challenged and all propositional knowledge regarding the character is merely fragmentary.

scholarly journals The Making of a Terrorist: Imagining Combatants’ Points of View in Troubles Literature

Humanities ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Stephanie Callan
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Irish Literature ◽  
Stream Of Consciousness ◽  
Literary Responses ◽  
The Troubles ◽  
Violent Acts ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Splendid Isolation

This article analyzes portrayals of paramilitary fighters in Irish literature from the Troubles (1968–1998). While the conflict between Protestant loyalists and Catholic nationalists has provoked many literary responses, most focus on noncombatants. This article reads Edna O’Brien’s novel House of Splendid Isolation (1994) and Anne Devlin’s story “Naming the Names” (1986), two texts that succeed in portraying paramilitary characters as complex individuals who are not wholly defined by their violent acts, but each reaches a limit of imagination as well. In House of Splendid Isolation the paramilitary character Mac chooses silence over justifying himself to a hostile audience, and in “Naming the Names” the stream of consciousness style becomes increasingly fragmented, suggesting the paramilitary narrator is on the verge of a breakdown. As a result, both characters remain enigmatic, with aspects of their motives and thinking not fully intelligible. Both texts show that it is a struggle for a noncombatant to understand a paramilitary’s point of view, but these texts make readers want to engage in that struggle.

Walking and Talking Integration: Triangulation of Data From Interviews and Go-Alongs for Exploring Immigrant Welfare Recipients’ Sense(s) of Belonging

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 799-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Flick ◽  
Andreas Hirseland ◽  
Benjamin Hans
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Welfare Recipients ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Integration Of Immigrants ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Mobile Methods ◽  
Levels Of Integration

Integration of immigrants is a major political and societal topic in societies such as Germany, although there are different ideas about when integration is achieved. For analyzing integration from the immigrants’ points of view, data triangulation of talking (episodic interviews addressing migration histories) and walking (mobile methods—go-alongs) reveals several levels of integration experiences. After outlining space and belonging as relevant theoretical concepts and the methods triangulated in a study, four case studies of immigrants from Turkey and the former Soviet Union in Berlin are presented. The immigrants’ perceptions and aspirations toward belonging, participation, and integration are explored and compared from an intersectional perspective. We find differing ways of positioning toward the German majority society, of getting connected to it and coping with unemployment. Relations of work and social integration or marginalization are discussed based on the case studies and the relevance of using various kinds of data is demonstrated.

scholarly journals LA MULTIPLICATION DES PERSPECTIVES AU PROFIT DE L’EXPRESSIVITÉ: UNE ÉTUDE DU ROMAN LES SIGNES PARMI NOUS DE C.F. RAMUZ

FRANCISOLA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siba BARKATAKI
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Discourse ◽  
Mots Clés ◽  
Indirect Speech ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Role Of The Reader ◽  
Narrative Voices

<p><strong>RÉSUMÉ. </strong>Nous analyserons l’incertitude des voix et la création idiosyncratique des subjectivités provisoires dans le discours narratif chez Ramuz. L’analyse portera sur les diverses modalités liées au décentrement du discours narratif : la désorganisation des temps verbaux, l’emploi du pronom « on », du discours indirect libre ainsi que l’intertexte biblique. Nous étudierons également la notion de perception chez Ramuz. La simultanéité des perceptions contribuant au problème de détermination de la voix narrative met en relief l’exotopie de l’auteur par rapport aux personnages, ce qui relève du besoin inhérent de donner aux personnages leur propres voix. La multiplication des points de vue crée une collectivité de perspectives. Cette collectivité devient la conscience globale du texte qui s’achève avec l’interprétation du lecteur. Le rôle fondamental du lecteur se trouve ainsi souligné.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Mots-clés: </strong><em>conscience, intertextualité, perceptions, pluralité, voix.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><strong>ABSTRACT. </strong>We will analyze the uncertainty of the voices and the idiosyncratic creation of provisonal subjectivities in the narrative discourse of Ramuz. The analysis will deal with the different modalities linked with the decentralisation of the narrative discourse : disorganisation of verb tenses, the use of the pronoun « on », free indirect speech as well as biblical intertext. We will also study the notion of perception in Ramuz’s work. The simultaneous nature of the  perceptions contributes to the problem of determination of the narrative voices that highlights the exotopy of the author vis-a-vis the characters, which indicates the inherent need of giving the characters their individual voices. The multiplication of the points of view creates a collectivity of perspectives. This collectivity becomes the global conscience of the text that is achieved with the interpretation of the reader. The fundamental role of the reader thus needs to be highlighted.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong><em>conscience, intertextuality, perceptions, plurality, voices.</em><strong></strong></p><p><em><br /></em></p>

scholarly journals Representation of Woman Existentialist Reflected from Archetypal Image Analysis in The Chrysanthemums Story

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-534
Author(s):  
Desria Natalia Sirait ◽  
Tomi Arianto
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Image Theory ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Simone De Beauvoir ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Points Of View

This study aims at analyzing the representation of women's existence through the archetypal image in the chrysanthemum story. This study uses Carl Jung's archetypal image theory which is supported by Simone de Beauvoir's theoretical concepts. This research is focused on analyzing archetypal image. This story is revealed by classifying symbol, persona, anima and animus archetypal, and self-archetypal. Meanwhile, further analysis of the archetypal symbol is then criticized using the concept of the woman existentialist Simone de Beauvoir. This study uses a qualitative research method in which all data sources are taken from the short story. The results showed that there are four symbols of archetypal, personal archetypal, opposing points of view of anima and animus archetypal, and how to control self-archetypal. From all of these classifications, it is concluded that the representation of an existentialist woman is reflected through the main character named Elisa, including daring to go against the rules, being able to make their own decisions and being a woman who can stand alone.

scholarly journals La Disjonction de la Voix Narrative et la Manipulation de la Vraisemblance dans "Le Rocher de Tanios" d'Amin Maalouf

1970 ◽  
pp. 80-94
Author(s):  
Peter Marteinson
Keyword(s):  
Historical Research ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Narrative Voice ◽  
Generic Status ◽  
Chance Events ◽  
Points Of View

This investigation of the narrative voice in Maalouf’s Prix-Goncourt winning novel Le Rocher de Tanios observes the manner in which the multiplicity of enunciators, in the form of secondary narrators “cited” intertextually by the primary narrator, engenders a subtle play upon points of view, epochs, and cultural outlooks, an artifice which lends the novel a breadth in its generic status and veridictory grounding. It manages to be both an entirely possible, realistic narrative, and a fantastical legend, in which the “strange and the marvelous”, in the words of one of the secondary narrators, form a counterpoint against the rigorous historical research of the primary narrative. The result is a tale in which the appearance of a coherent and inevitable progression of providence melds with a capricious logic of chance events. The work raises the question of fiction and history and answers yes to each one; it is not only a fiction aspiring to verisimilitude, but conversely, it is also an actual history transformed into a novel – into the sort of novel that leads the reader to question his sense of truth and falsehood.

Eksperyment i awangarda. O „Różach w betonie” Mariana Promińskiego

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-248
Author(s):  
Anna Strycka
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Michel Foucault ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Total Effect ◽  
Stream Of Consciousness ◽  
Narrative Voice ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Cultural Stereotyping ◽  
Narrative Techniques ◽  
Experimental Narrative

Summary This article begins with an examination of the experimental handling of the characters’ speech and Promiński’s narrative voice in the title story of the collection Roses in Concrete. The analysis draws on some elements of constructivism - as it can be found in the early poems by Tadeusz Peiper and in the constructivist prose written by Jan Brzękowski - with the 3M catchphrase (“City - Mass - Machine”) from Peiper’s famous manifesto lurking in the background. In his short story Promiński creates a situation which enables him to lampoon the projects and visions formulated by Peiper and the Cracow Avant-garde; the total effect of “Roses in Concrete” is that of demolishing Peiper’s utopia of a new civilization. The analysis of “A specialist, Almost”, another story from the collection, focuses an its autothematic structure, as well as Promiński’s use of new, experimental narrative techniques (eg. simultaneous description, stream of consciousness). The discussion of the stream of consciousness technique reaches out to “Cracks”, a story where it marks the main character’s speech. The last of the stories taken up for discussion is “Timbert, the Traveller”, a story concerned with a case of mental illness. Here the article draws on the work of R. D. Laing, Michel Foucault and Thomas S. Sasz to argue that Timbert’s problem is not really medical, but the product of socio-cultural stereotyping and stigmatization.

scholarly journals Defoe’s psychological realism: The effect of directness in indirect consciousness representation categories

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
Eri Shigematsu
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Real Life ◽  
First Person ◽  
Autobiographical Narratives ◽  
Psychological Realism ◽  
Indirect Speech ◽  
The Past ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Narrative Techniques ◽  
The One

Daniel Defoe’s fictional autobiographies represent the life of an individual through personal memories. Although he has often been associated with circumstantial realism rather than psychological realism, Defoe in fact represents the psychological as well as social and economic realities of his characters. In Defoe’s first-person autobiographical narratives, the person who narrates (i.e. the narrating self) and the one who experiences (i.e. the experiencing self) share the same pronoun, ‘I’, which exhibits a fluctuating internal tension between the two selves. This article aims to investigate Defoe’s psychological realism in terms of this internal tension, focusing on the narrative techniques for representing consciousness in which the points of view of the two selves are mingled. The representation of consciousness by means of what is called free indirect speech and thought (FIST) is under development in the early eighteenth century. In Defoe’s fictions, however, the internal tension between the two selves is abundantly indicated by his use of FIST and his handling of directness (the-experiencing-self-oriented deictic and expressive elements) within indirect representations of consciousness (indirect speech and thought (IST) and narrator’s representation of speech/thought act (NRSA/TA)) and within narration (N). The analysis demonstrates that, like FIST, direct elements used in indirect consciousness representation categories show the narrating self’s empathetic identification with the past self, which simultaneously evokes the reader’s empathetic feelings towards the psychology of the experiencing self. It consequently reveals that the creation of empathetic effects through directness helped Defoe to represent the psyches of individuals in remembering as in real life.

scholarly journals The vulnerable gaze of the migrant

2019 ◽  
pp. 54-69
Author(s):  
Alice Cati
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Symbolic Forms ◽  
Web Series ◽  
Moving Images ◽  
Media System ◽  
Modes Of Representation ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Bear Witness ◽  
Person Experience ◽  
The Web

In the current media system, we are observing the increasing sedimentation of symbolic forms, discourses and imagery regarding contemporary migrations. With the reuse of videos filmed by migrants, the documentary form represents the best “yielding field” where intercultural modes of representation and visual self-inscriptions can be constantly reinvented. In particular, videos made with nonprofessional devices have drawn viewers’ attention to the capacity of moving images to bear witness to reality “from below” and, in some respects, to reproduce aesthetically the opacity and the contingency of events, even the most tragic ones. This paper examines how such a gaze, when it is embodied by the migrant subject, raises questions about the representation of a first-person experience, an experience which paradoxically constitutes a denial of all identity and subjectivity in a deeper sense. To do this, two interesting experiments recently hosted by the website of the Italian newspaper La Repubblica will be analysed: the web series Com’è profondo il mare and Un unico destino—Tre padri e il naufragio che ha cambiato la nostra storia. These web series not only represent traumatic events, but the images show clashes within the depictions themselves and a collision or negotiation between conflicting points of view.

scholarly journals HOW TO IMPROVE THE HACCP SYSTEM IN AN INTERNATIONAL TOURIST HOTEL GROUP? CAUSE-AND -EFFECT ANALYSIS AND PDCA APPLICATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Sheng-wen Tseng ◽  
Shu-yin Tseng ◽  
Bi-shu Lin
Keyword(s):  
Fish Bone ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
Analysis Strategies ◽  
Haccp System ◽  
Cause And Effect Analysis ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Depth Interviews

The aim of this study is to discuss not only what the difficulties are to be confronted when a HACCP is introduced into international tourist hotels, but also how to apply effective solutions to overcome these crucial issues.  In-depth interviews were applied in this study to analyze the case of Taiwan’s X international tourist hotels. Based on the outcomes of interviews, a fish-bone diagram was carried out to analyze the practical difficulties encountered in implementing the HACCP system. Next, with the results of the cause and effect analysis, strategies for different problems were developed according to the interviewee’s points of view. PDCA analysis is used repeatedly to develop strategies and recommendations. In comparison to current literature that only provides piecemeal exploration of the difficulties of introducing the HACCP system and the effectiveness of implementing HACCP, this study takes an entire system view into consideration and enables further practical analysis and solutions. 

Theories of Organizational Culture

1984 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvan Allaire ◽  
Mihaela E. Firsirotu
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Organizational Field ◽  
Complex Organizations ◽  
Business Policy ◽  
Vast Array ◽  
Organizational Behaviour ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Integrative Concept

The notion that organizations may have specific cultures is found sprinkled in a vast array of publications on strategy and business policy, on organizational behaviour and theory. Although the absence of a solid theoretical grounding for the concept of organizational culture has been frequently lamented, little effort has been exerted to bring within the perimeter of the management and organizational field the relevant concepts found in cultural anthropology. The purpose of this paper is therefore three-fold: First, to provide a typology of schools of thought in cultural anthropology in order to understand the diverse and complex theories of culture advanced in this field; Second, to relate these different points of view to the emerging notions of organiza tional culture found explicitly or implicitly in the management and organization literature; Third, to pull together the insights and findings derived from this enquiry in order to propose an integrative concept of organizational culture as a useful metaphor for studying the processes of decay, adaptation and radical change in complex organizations.

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