GUIDELINES, IDEAS AND APPROACHES FOR AI EDUCATION IN SCHOOL. KNOWLEDGE STRUCTURING AND SEMANTIC MODELING

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
Stanimir Stoyanov ◽  
◽  
Todorka Glushkova ◽  
Mariya Grancharova-Hristova ◽  
Veneta Tabakova- Komsalova ◽  
...  

The strategic documents at European and national level set as a main goal for education the introduction of elements of artificial intelligence in the various educational levels and forms of training in a way appropriate for the learners. In the last two years, experimental training in artificial intelligence in high school has been implemented in Bulgaria. The report examines some problems and challenges in organizing and conducting this training in different types of schools, specialties and classes. Some guidelines are outlined and ideas for creating an appropriate curriculum and learning resources in the field of knowledge structuring and semantic modelling are shared. An approach to teacher and student training is proposed. The authors share their experience in teaching teachers and students and analyse the results of surveys and tests.

Author(s):  
Gustavo Artur Monzeli ◽  
Elisa Cardoso Kobi

Este texto é um dos resultados de uma pesquisa desenvolvida com escolas de Ensino Médio na cidade de Vitória (ES). Esta proposta de investigação surgiu da necessidade de compreensão das manifestações de preconceito e diferentes tipos de violência que historicamente acontecem em nosso contexto social e, mais especificamente, no contexto de instituições formais de ensino. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar quais são as principais formas de preconceito e violência contra diferenças e diversidades étnicas, sexuais, religiosas, de classe social e de gênero que acontecem dentro do contexto de instituições de ensino médio na cidade de Vitória (ES). Ao aceitarem participar da pesquisa, foram entregues, aos estudantes e professores, questionários com perguntas semiabertas sobre diversos temas que abordavam os preconceitos e violências ocorridas dentro do contexto escolar, sendo sempre informada a participação voluntária e confidencial da pesquisa. Os resultados foram divididos entre a identificação dos professores e estudantes, além de suas vivências em relação às violências no contexto escolar. Diante dos dados apresentados e da discussão, é possível perceber que apesar da escola estar repleta de diversidades em seu contexto e cotidiano, há ainda muitos casos de preconceito, discriminação e outros tipos de violência que ocorrem nesse espaço. É preciso compreender que toda e qualquer ação no contexto escolar é repleta de sentido e está vinculada a distintas concepções de sociedade e de possibilidade de existências. Quando a escola se posiciona ou não no enfrentamento às violências este posicionamento se reflete em concepções mais autoritárias ou democráticas de sociedade. Abstract  This article is one of the results of a research carried out with high schools in the city of Vitória (ES). This research proposal arose from the need to understand the manifestations of prejudice and different types of violence that historically happen in our social context and, more specifically, in the context of formal educational institutions. The aim of this research was to identify the main forms of prejudice and violence against ethnic, sexual, religious, and gender differences and diversities that occur within the context of high school institutions in the city of Vitória (ES). Upon accepting to participate in the research, questionnaires with semi-open questions about various topics that dealt with the prejudices and violence occurring within the school context were given to students and teachers, and the voluntary and confidential participation of the research was always informed. The results were divided between the identification of teachers and students, as well as their experiences regarding violence in the school context. Given the data presented and the discussion, it is possible to perceive that although the school is full of diversity present in its daily context, there are still many cases of prejudice, discrimination and other types of violence occurring in this space. It must be understood that any action in the school context is full of meaning and is linked to different conceptions of society and possibility of existence. When the school is positioned or not in the face of violence, this position is reflected in more authoritarian or democratic conceptions of society.Keywords: Education, Occupational Therapy, Violence.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S4) ◽  
pp. 1400-1412
Author(s):  
Tetiana V. Rudiuk

The relevance of the study derives from the modern objective reality, which is represented by lack of attention to family lexical nominations of family members, the features of the names of communication lines and situational options for the latest use; identifying factors for improvement of interpersonal contacts; fostering a culture of mutual support, etc. (communicative approach). The purpose of the study is to theoretically substantiate and experimentally verify the effectiveness of this model and the chosen approach for the development of family lexical competence in high school. Research methods were theoretical (comparative and systematic analysis of philosophical, methodical, psychological, didactic and sociological literature); empirical (analysis of conceptual scientific principles of school education and universal ideas about family nomination, observation, comparison, survey (conversation, questionnaire for teachers and students), study and generalization of pedagogical experience); practical (problem-searching, modeling, pedagogical experiment, mathematical statistics, including quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results of experimental training). They allowed for comprehensive analysis of the problem and influenced it. Ivano-Frankivsk Vocational College of Vasyl Stefanyk at Precarpathian National University served as the basis for the experiment. The study discusses the implementation of the proposed methodological model (communicative approach) in high school and proves the effectiveness of application.


2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110219
Author(s):  
Oscar Armando Esparza-Del Villar ◽  
Sarah Margarita Chavez-Valdez ◽  
Priscila Montañez-Alvarado ◽  
Marisela Gutiérrez-Vega ◽  
Teresa Gutiérrez-Rosado

Different types of violence have been present in Mexico but there have been few studies that have analyzed their relationship with mental health in adolescents, especially in cities with high rates of social violence. It is important to compare different violence types and their relationship with mental health since not all relationships are the same. It appears that social violence has a stronger relationship with mental health, and for this reason it receives more attention, but other types of violence have a stronger relationship and do not receive as much attention. Chihuahua has been one of the most violent states in Mexico, and Juarez has been the most violent city in the world in 2009 and 2010. The purpose of the study is to compare the relationship of different types of violence (social, cyberbullying, partner violence, and child abuse and neglect) with mental health indicators (depression, anxiety, stress, self-esteem, and paranoid thoughts). There were 526 high school students, from the cities of Juarez ( n = 282) and Chihuahua ( n = 244). The mean age was 16.5 ( SD = 1.4) years and 50.6% reported being males. The relationships among the variables were analyzed using Pearson’s correlations and multiple linear regressions. Both cities that have experienced social violence like carjacking, kidnapping, and sexual assault, but they have very small or no relationships with mental health indicators. Other types of violence have stronger correlations. Our findings suggest that interventions should not focus only in preventing and dealing with social violence, but that other types of violence must also be addressed in adolescents.


Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Stephen Fox

Active inference is a physics of life process theory of perception, action and learning that is applicable to natural and artificial agents. In this paper, active inference theory is related to different types of practice in social organization. Here, the term social organization is used to clarify that this paper does not encompass organization in biological systems. Rather, the paper addresses active inference in social organization that utilizes industrial engineering, quality management, and artificial intelligence alongside human intelligence. Social organization referred to in this paper can be in private companies, public institutions, other for-profit or not-for-profit organizations, and any combination of them. The relevance of active inference theory is explained in terms of variational free energy, prediction errors, generative models, and Markov blankets. Active inference theory is most relevant to the social organization of work that is highly repetitive. By contrast, there are more challenges involved in applying active inference theory for social organization of less repetitive endeavors such as one-of-a-kind projects. These challenges need to be addressed in order for active inference to provide a unifying framework for different types of social organization employing human and artificial intelligence.


Author(s):  
Thu Ngo ◽  
Len Unsworth ◽  
Michele Herrington

AbstractStudents’ difficulties interpreting diagrams remain a concern in science education. Research about improving diagram comprehension has included few studies of teachers’ orchestration of language and gesture in explaining diagrams—and very few in senior high schools. Research with younger students and studies of research scientists’ practice indicate the significance of the interaction of teachers’ gesture and language in explaining visualisations. The strategic deployment of such teacher-focussed authoritative explanations has been observed in facilitating progression to more complex and symbolic representations in classroom work. However, the paucity of such research in senior high school leaves open the question of how these teachers use gesture and language in managing the challenges of explaining the intricate sub-microscopic and abstract visualisations senior high school students need to negotiate. In this paper, we outline existing studies of teachers’ use of gesture and language to explain complex images in senior high school and investigate how it is managed by two biology teachers with images of different types and complexity representing the activity of certain cell components in the early phase of cell duplication. Implications are drawn for foci of further research including the role of a metalanguage describing different types of visualisations and their affordances.


2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boriana Benbassat ◽  
Konstantin Mitov ◽  
Alexandra Savova ◽  
Konstantin Tachkov ◽  
Guenka Petrova

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Economides ◽  
K. Karfopoulos ◽  
E. Mestousi ◽  
P. Founta ◽  
E. Carinou ◽  
...  

Exposure to different types of radiation is an integral part of everyday life (e.g. cosmic radiation, radon, medical applications, cell phones, etc.). Therefore, the general public should adequately be informed on the issue from an early age in order to develop a realistic understanding of the associated risks and the necessary safety culture. In this respect, the quality of the related information provided in the school textbooks is of great importance. The present work demonstrates a quantified assessment of high school textbooks regarding the information on different radiation-related topics provided to students. The assessment was carried out based on an anonymous online survey with the participation of a total of 347 high school teachers. According to the results of the survey, the high school textbooks address radiation issues in a sparse, occasional, and fragmentary manner. Moreover, the results indicate that the quality of information they provide was judged as unsatisfactory in terms of scientific correctness, completeness, clarity-comprehensiveness and objectivity. Radiation protection and applications of non-ionizing radiation are the topics that are covered to a lesser extent in the textbooks and curricula evaluated.


2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Wirth ◽  
◽  
Boris Aberšek ◽  

Discipline in class is essential. Without it the educational processes and teachings are difficult. In this manner curricula goals are almost impossible to achieve. There are and there always will be some kind of conflicts between teachers and students, but they should not evolve to become a problem. Teachers (especially elderly teachers) often express pessimism of contemporary students. They say that today's students have less knowledge, they do misbehave more often than previous generations. A study among students was conducted. It was trying to determine the rate of discipline in schools in Celje to see if these statements are true. The questionnaire to students of one primary and one high school in Celje, Slovenia were distributed. The answers from 234 students were received. On the one hand, it was found out that senior high school students have the worst level of discipline of all the grades tested. They themselves assess their class atmosphere as less disciplined. They report that teachers use a lot of time to calm the class down. All this is probably a factor in lower average grade that the senior high school students have. On the other hand, it was found out that teachers do not react to the disturbance or they are trying to be repressive. These are not the correct ways of dealing with discipline issues. Therefore, there are some recommended ways how teachers should react. Keywords: discipline in class, primary school, contemporary student, elderly teachers.


Author(s):  
Marianthi Batsila ◽  
Charilaos Tsihouridis

This paper looks into what Junior High School learners think of the Web 2.0 tool “Storyboard” for digital story telling purposes and investigates the extent to which it can enhance their receptive and productive skills of reading and writing in the English language. Fifty one randomly selected students, who created a digital story based on a relevant instructive scenario, and their teachers took part in the research. The quantitatively analyzed teachers’ and students’ interviews results and learners’ post-tests data revealed that the tool is considered very motivating and useful increasing learners’ aforementioned English language skills. As learners and teachers indicate “Storyboard” has offered them moments of happiness and joy during their school activities and made their lesson creative and interesting.


2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 1836-1849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashlyn Munson ◽  
Barbara Moskal ◽  
Alka Harriger ◽  
Tonya Lauriski-Karriker ◽  
Daniel Heersink

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