scholarly journals Obtaining high quality potato seed material on aerohydroponic installations

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
E. V. Haksar ◽  
M. S. Romanova ◽  
O. O. Novikov ◽  
N. I. Leonova ◽  
G. A. Romashov

The results of the study on the production of potato minitubers by aeroponic and aero-hydroponic methods, which are non-substrate methods of growing plants, are presented. In order to develop technologies for growing virus-free potato seed material in closed systems, experiments on growing potato minitubers in multiuse aeroponic systems were conducted. Early-ripening potato varieties Rosara, Antonina and Yubilyar, mid-ripening Solnechny variety, and S-112 and Ch hybrids were used as the tested potato varieties. The plant growing cycle was divided into three phases: adaptation, growth, and tuberization. For each phase, different cultivation parameters were used. As a light source, highpressure sodium lamps DNaT 400 were used. The quantitative yield of potato minitubers per one plant on this type of systems was as follows: Antonina variety – 15.3 pcs., Yubilyar variety – 23 pcs., Hybrid Ch – 28.1 pcs., Hybrid S-112 – 30.2 pcs., Solnechny variety – 30.3 pcs., Rosara variety – 43.9 pcs. The effect of various light sources on the quantitative yield of potato minitubers of Nevsky and Yubilyar varieties was studied for this type of systems. Cultivation of potatoes in these systems was carried out according to the technology described, but using two different types of light sources. In the control variant, high-pressure sodium lamps DNaT 400 were used, in the experimental variant, LED lamps produced by CoB (full spectrum) technology with a passive cooling system were used. The use of LED lighting on Nevsky variety led to a statistically signifi cant increase in the quantitative yield of potato minitubers from one plant compared to the control, by 20.88%. The prospects of using Fagro aero-hydroponic systems for adaptation of potato microplants and for obtaining potato minitubers of Rosara and Solnechny varieties were shown. The quantitative yield of potato minitubers per plant on this type of installations was 46.9 pcs. for Rosara variety, and 56.7 pcs. for Solnechny.

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 156-166
Author(s):  
T.M. Oleynik ◽  
K.A. Sloblodyan ◽  
S.A. Slobodyan ◽  
R.V. Gricay

The results of improvement studies of potato varieties by chemotherapy along with the use of antiviral drugs: RNA-ase, acyclovir, izatizon, and hydrochloride as well as data on the molecular diagnosis of X-and M-viruses in vitro plants, resulting from the recovery are presented. 3 lines free from virus X and 4 lines free from potato virus M were allocated. After the testing of variety changeability and its economically valuable characteristics in field conditions one of them will be selected and submitted to the Bank in vitro redeveloped varieties.


Author(s):  
Ilze Skrabule ◽  
Gunta Bebre

The first potato varieties that reached the territory of Latvia were empirically selected clones from genetically diverse material brought from South America to Europe. In the 19th century, when agricultural production rapidly developed, the demand for high yielding potato varieties suitable to local growing conditions increased. Therefore, potato variety evaluation trials were set up. Scientifically- based potato breeding in Latvia was launched by P. Knappe. The potato breeding programme in Priekuïi Plant Breeding Station was started in 1931, and has still continued. Several breeding methods were used by potato breeders Ç. Knape, V. Gaujers, G. Bebre and others in Priekuïi. Potato breeding for short periods was carried out in several other places in Latvia: Stende, Carnikava, and Lejaskurzeme. The method of elimination of diseases in potato seed material and high quality seed material production was implemented in Priekuïi. More than 60 potato varieties have been created in Latvia, some of them were and still are in demand in agricultural production.


2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Asma Sembiring ◽  
K. Kusmana

The availability of a high-quality potato seed will affect the increasing of Indonesia potato production. Indonesia Vegetables Research Institute (IVegRI) attempts to produce various high-quality potato varieties. The potatoes are needed to be disseminated to users. Therefore, they could create benefits in terms of increasing farmers' production and revenue. The objective of the study was to identify West Java potato farmers' preference for the seven potato varieties that have been released by IVegRI. The survey was carried out in Garut district, West Java province, Indonesia. Total, 32 potato farmers, participated in the survey from January to September 2019. The Perceived Quality (PQ) was used to analyze data. The result indicates three potato varieties preferred by potato farmers were Dayang sumbi, Sangkuriang, and Medians, respectively. The result would be useful for the IVegRI to create better potato varieties in the future.


2021 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
С.В. Мальцев ◽  
С.В. Андрианов ◽  
А.В. Митюшкин

Цель работы – определение эффективности применения ингибиторов прорастания при хранении сортов картофеля различного использования: столовых, для потребления в свежем виде, специально предназначенных для переработки на картофелепродукты, а также в качестве семенного материала. Исследования проведены в 2005–2007 и 2015–2020 годах с использованием регуляторов роста на основе д. в. хлорпрофам (Спраут-стоп; Харвест-Макс, Р; Спад-Ник, Р) и фитогормона этилена. Картофель хранили в холодильных камерах ФГБНУ «ФИЦ картофеля имени А.Г. Лорха» при температурах 3–4, 5–7, 8–10 °C. Производственные опыты по хранению проведены в АО «Озеры» Озерского района Московской области (при температурных режимах 3–4 и 8–10 °C) и ООО «ПокровскАгро» Энгельсского района Саратовской области (5–7 °C). Газацию этиленом проводили по адаптированной к российским условиям технологии Restrain. Опыты закладывали в условиях дерново-подзолистой почвы экспериментальной базы «Коренево» (Московская область, городской округ Люберцы) на фоне минерального питания N60P60K120 при локальном внесении удобрений во время нарезки гребней. Исследованиями установлено, что обработка клубней сортов столового картофеля при температуре хранения 5–7 °C препаратом Спраут-стоп способствовала снижению общих потерь на 1,0–2,0%, а при температуре хранения 8–10 °C – на 4,0–6,0%. Причем наиболее эффективно обрабатывать клубни столовых сортов в марте, а сортов картофеля на переработку – в сентябре. Применение регулятора роста Спраут-стоп на семенном картофеле оказалось неэффективным независимо от дозы и срока обработки. Использование препарата Харвест-Макс, Р на столовом картофеле сорта Гала обеспечило снижение потерь при хранении на 5,1 и 7,0% при суммарных дозах препарата 39 и 57 г/т. Применение препарата Спад-Ник, Р как отдельно, так и в сочетании с фитогормоном этиленом способствовало снижению потерь сортов картофеля, предназначенного для переработки на хрустящий картофель, на 6,9–7,7%. При этом не выявлено существенного снижения биохимических показателей клубней и пригодности картофеля к переработке при использовании ингибиторов прорастания на основе д. в. хлорпрофам. Газация семенного материала картофеля фитогормоном этиленом способствовала прибавке общей урожайности по сортам Леди Клэр и Сатурна на 14,2 и 7,4% соответственно. The aim of this research is to determine the efficiency of germination inhibitors appliance by storage of potato varieties for various target uses: table, for fresh consumption, special for processing into potato products and also as seed material. Studies were conducted in 2005–2007 and 2015–2020 using growth regulators based on active ingredient chlorpropham (Sprout-stop; Harvest-Max; Spud-nic) and the phytohormone ethylene. Potatoes were stored in the cooling chambers of the Russian Potato Research Centre at temperatures of 3–4, 5–7, 8–10 °C. Production experiments were carried out in the JSC “Ozery” of the Ozyorsky district of the Moscow region (at store temperatures of 3–4 and 8–10 °C) and LLC “PokrovskAgro” of the Engels district of the Saratov region (5–7 °C). Treatment with ethylene was carried out using the Restrain technology adapted to Russian conditions. The experiments were conducted in the conditions of sod-podzolic soil of the experimental base “Korenevo” (Moscow region, Lyuberetsky city district) with the doses of mineral fertilizers of N60P60K120 by their local appliance during cutting of ridges. In research was found that treatment of tubers of table potato varieties at a storage temperature of 5–7 °C with inhibitor Sprout-stop contributed to a reduction in total losses by 1.0–2.0% and at a storage temperature of 8–10 °C – by 4.0–6.0%. Moreover, it is most effective to treat the tubers of table varieties in March, and potato varieties for processing – in September. The use of the sprout-stop growth regulator on seed potatoes was ineffective regardless of the dose and treatment term. The use of inhibitor Harvest-Max on table potatoes of Gala variety provided a reduction in storage losses by 5.1 and 7.0% at total doses of the preparation 39 and 57 g/t. The use of inhibitor Spud-nic both separately and in combination with the plant hormone ethylene contributed to the reduction of losses of potato varieties for processing into crisps 6.9 to 7.7%. At the same time no significant decrease in biochemical parameters of tubers and in suitability of potatoes for processing when using germination inhibitors based on active ingredient chlorpropham was detected. The treatment of potato seed material with phytohormone ethylene provided an increase in total yield of the Lady Claire and Saturna varieties by 14.2 and 7.4%, respectively.


2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abebe Chindi ◽  
Egata Shunka ◽  
Atsede Solomon ◽  
W. Giorgis Gebremedhin ◽  
Ebrahim Seid ◽  
...  

AbstractQuality seed is one of the major bottlenecks hampering the production and productivity of potato not only in Ethiopia but also in Sub-Saharan Africa. Since the 1970’s, the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research has generated a number of improved potato production technologies such as improved varieties with accompanying agronomic practices, crop protection measures, postharvest handling techniques and utilization options. The developed technologies were promoted from 2013-2015 via technology promotion and popularization to the Wolmera, Adea-Bera and Ejere districts with the objective of creating awareness and up scaling of improved potato production and utilization technologies. The Potato Improvement Research Program and the Research and Extension Division of Holetta Research Center in collaboration with extension staff of the Ministry of Agriculture (MoA) undertake this activity. The farmers were selected and organized in Farmer Field Schools and all stakeholders were engaged before distributing potato seeds and planting on selected farmers’ fields for demonstrating of potato production technologies. A total of 899 farmers and 40 agricultural experts were trained and 27.7, 9 and 5.5 tons of quality seeds of Gudanie, Jalenie and Belete potato varieties, respectively, were delivered as a revolving seed with their recommended agronomic packages; this amount of seed covered 21.1 ha. A total of 16 farmer groups from Wolmera, 7 from Adea-Berga, and 11 from Ejere participated. They produced over 434 tons of relatively clean seed and constructed 8 diffused light stores. In addition to the demonstration of improved potato varieties, information dissemination was also an important component of the program to raise awareness for a large numbers of potato growers through farmers’ field days, pamphlets, and mass media. Each year about three field days were organized and more than 1500 pamphlets were distributed to farmers invited from neighboring districts and ‘Kebeles’ to enhance speed. Through this intervention farmers are now harvesting a yield of about 26-34 t/ha up from 8t/ha when they were using inferior quality potato seed; this has made the farmers in the intervention area more food secure especially during the usually food scarce months of August to October when cereal crops are generally yet to mature. The farmers are also getting additional income from the sale of excess potato and are able to better meet other necessary costs like school fees, for their children.


2006 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith O. Fuglie ◽  
Witono Adiyoga ◽  
Rini Asmunati ◽  
Sukendra Mahalaya ◽  
Rachman Suherman
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (48) ◽  
pp. 26-26
Author(s):  
Andrey Skrуabin ◽  
◽  
Vladimir Khokhlov

The article presents the yield of early potato varieties, considering the different planting rates of tubers. A two-factor field experiment was conducted in 2013 - 2015 at the experimental field of the Perm State Agro-Technological University named after Academician. The purpose of the research is to find ways to cultivate early-ripening potato varieties to obtain a yield of 35 t/ha. The soils of the experimental site are sod-finely podzolic medium loamy. The humus content is 1.9 - 3.2%, pH (KCl) 4.4-5.1, P2O5 185-300 mg/kg, K2O 143-431 mg/kg. The meteorological conditions of the growing seasons were opposite in terms of weather conditions and did not equally affect the yield. It was found that, on average, over three years, the goal of the experiment was achieved only in one variant of the experiment - in the Rosalind variety with a maximum thickening of 71.4 thousand tubers per hectare. The limit of thickening in the Red Scarlett variety was at the maximum thickening of tubers when planting 71.4 thousand. The limit of thickening of the Luck variety was 47.6 thousand tubers, the limit of compaction of plantings in the Rosalind variety was 57.1 thousand tubers. Keywords: POTATO, VARIETY, YIELD, PLANTING RATE


2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (00) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamlesh Malik ◽  
Anuj Bhatnagar ◽  
Islam Ahmed

To achieve good health standards of potato seed, the site of potato seed production should be aphid free at least for 90 days or the number of aphids/100 compound leaf should not be more than 20, which is the critical level of aphid numbers. In the year 2010-11, 2011-12 and 2012-13, 40 varieties of potato of CPRI, Shimla were planted in main crop seasons at Central Potato Research Institute Campus Modipuram (Meerut) and observations were recorded on the population buildup of M. persicae starting from arrival to attain its maximum. The population of aphids was different on potato varieties during different years and on the basis of observations, it was difficult to predict which variety to be first preferred by aphids. Kufri Girdhari recorded the least number of aphids.


2021 ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Alexandra Mikhailovna Varushkina ◽  
Azalia Ildarovna Yakhina ◽  
Alisa Sergeevna Shirinkina ◽  
Lybov Gennadevna Tsoma ◽  
Anna Leonidovna Latypova

The microclonal (in vitro) propagation of the original potato plants is important stage in the cultivation of high-quality seed potato. The appropriate microclimate parameters (illumination, temperature, air humidity) are to be maintained in phytotrons for optimal clones’ growth. It is necessary to consider the specific response of potato varieties and, according to it, carefully select the lighting spectral composition. The purpose of the work was to study the effect of various light sources on the morphological parameters of 22 varieties of potato microplants. 10 clones of every variety were selected for the experiment after the initial multi-varietal analysis. After 27 days of cultivation, growth parameters were measured: root length, plant height and the number of internodes. The light sources were light-emitting diode (LED) irradiators ECOLED-BIO-195W-D120 FMatrix IP66, ECOLED-BIO-112-185W-D120 UniversalLED, and 3-ECOLED-60-LX Fito IP65 (“SET” ltd). For the first time, data on the lighting effect on a large sample of potato varieties were obtained, demonstrating significant differences in the physiological response of plants to lighting conditions. According to the research results, it was shown that ECOLED-60-LX Fito IP65 was the optimal source of photosynthetically active radiation for plants among the studied LED-lamps, providing a positive effect on the growth parameters of potato plants, including plants height, length of roots and internodes amount.


2021 ◽  
Vol 948 (1) ◽  
pp. 012086
Author(s):  
A Sembiring ◽  
R Murtiningsih ◽  
J P Sahat ◽  
S Hartanto

Abstract The high-quality potato seed availability in Indonesia always to be attempted continuously by Indonesian governments to encourage national potato production optimization. One of the efforts is through aeroponic potato seed production. The G0 (zero generation seed) aeroponic potato produces a better yield and healthier tuber compare to G0 conventional potato production. IVegRI has undertaken studies related to G0 potato aeroponic. The results have been disseminated and some of them have been adopted by the potato producers in various regions in Indonesia. The study aimed to investigate the potato aeroponic seed production in Indonesia based on the producers’ perception of the benefits and challenges. The study was conducted from April to December 2017, in 8 districts from 6 provinces, engaging 18 G0 aeroponic potato producers. Data were analyzed descriptively. The resulting study showed that G0 aeroponic producers perceived the production of G0 aeroponic potato as more profitable compared to G0 conventional. The advantages covered: the production was higher, the yield tuber was healthier and sterile, and also it could be produced anytime. Meanwhile, challenges faced were: initially investment cost was quite expensive, electricity installation frequently was unstable and, the challenge concocted a suitable potato aeroponic nutrition.


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