scholarly journals New United States guidelines recommending human papilloma virus screening for women with borderline cervical cytological abnormalities

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
American Medical Association ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Consensus Statements ◽  
Cytological Abnormalities ◽  
Virus Screening

Following two conferences which took place in the United States (US) last year, the American Medical Association has recently published two consensus statements concerning screening for and management of cervical cancer (1-3). It is recommended that human papilloma virus (HPV) testing become an integral part of both screening and clinical management of cervical cytological abnormalities.

scholarly journals The Role of High-Risk Human Papilloma Virus Testing in the Surveillance of Cervical Cancer After Treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 139 (11) ◽  
pp. 1437-1440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Crystal Yu ◽  
R. Marshall Austin ◽  
Jeff Lin ◽  
Tiffany Beck ◽  
Sushil Beriwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
Bulky Disease ◽  
Papilloma Virus

Context Cervical cancer affects 12 000 women in the United States annually. However, despite its prevalence, there remains no good methodology to detect its recurrence. Objective To identify the role of cervicovaginal high-risk human papilloma virus (hr-HPV) testing in predicting cervical cancer recurrence. Design This is a retrospective study of patients who underwent hr-HPV testing as part of their routine surveillance for cervical cancer. Standard statistical analyses, including χ2 test and multivariable logistic regression, were performed with IBM SPSS 19.0. Results A total of 133 patients were identified, of whom 107 (80%) had squamous cell carcinoma. Ninety patients (68%) had bulky disease and were treated primarily with chemoradiation and brachytherapy. Of patients whose disease recurred, 5 patients (42%) had tested positive for hr-HPV during their surveillance period, compared to 13 patients (11%) for whom disease did not recur (relative risk: 3.88, P = .002). On multivariate logistic regression, hr-HPV status remained significantly predictive of disease recurrence (odds ratio: 12.3, P = .02, 95% confidence interval: 1.5–99.6). Using 2 × 2 table analysis, we found that while cervicovaginal cytology has limited specificity (5.7%) in predicting recurrence, the combination of cytology with hr-HPV testing increases the specificity of testing to 89.3%. Conclusions Persistence of hr-HPV is a risk factor for disease recurrence. High-risk–HPV testing is not routinely used during surveillance for cervical cancer, but this study suggests that large, prospective trials investigating the role of hr-HPV testing in cervical cancer surveillance are needed.

scholarly journals 1641. A Comparison of Human Papilloma Virus Infection Prevalence Trends Pre- and Post-HPV Vaccine Implementation

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S599-S599
Author(s):  
Patrick Ovie. Fueta ◽  
Onyema Greg Chido-Amajuoyi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus Infection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States, with an annual incidence rate of approximately 14 million people. The HPV vaccine has been demonstrated to be highly effective in the prevention of HPV infection and HPV-associated diseases. This study aims to evaluate the impact of HPV vaccine on the prevalence of HPV infection in the United States and evaluate the trends of disease prevalence pre- and post-HPV vaccine implementation. Methods We conducted a secondary data analysis of the National Health and Education Survey (NHANES) for trends in HPV infection from 2003 to 2016. The analysis was grouped into a pre-HPV vaccine implementation (2003–2006) cohort including 4064 females, aged 18–59 years; and a post-HPV vaccine implementation (2007–2016) cohort which included 10718 females, aged 18–59 years. Further analysis of HPV infection prevalence, pre- and post-HPV vaccine implementation, stratified by sociodemographic characteristics were conducted. Results The prevalence of HPV infection prior to HPV vaccine implementation was 43.98% (95 CI 42.71%–46.58%) compared with 40.55% (95 C.I 40.55%–40.56%) in the post-HPV vaccine implementation era. Among females with HPV infections in the post-HPV vaccine implementation cohort 82.6 (95% CI 80.41%–83.42%) were unvaccinated. In both cohorts, black females had a significantly higher prevalence of HPV with a prevalence rate of 18.56% (95% CI 18.23%–20.56%) in the pre-HPV vaccine implementation cohort, and 15.61% (95% CI 14.82 – 19.4%) in the post-HPV vaccine implementation cohort. Females with less than high school education had a higher prevalence of HPV in the pre and post- HPV vaccine implementation cohorts with prevalence rates of 25.77% (95% CI 23.44%–28.72%) and 24.96% (95% CI 23.41%–25.67%), respectively. Conclusion The results suggest that HPV infection prevalence has declined since the implementation of HPV vaccine to US national immunization program. Our findings highlight disparities in HPV infection prevalence by race and educational status, and these patterns are in keeping with HPV-associated disease such as warts and HPV-associated cancers. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Prospective cohort study examining cervical cancer screening methods in HIV-positive and HIV-negative Cambodian Women: a comparison of human papilloma virus testing, visualization with acetic acid and digital colposcopy

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e026887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sovannara Thay ◽  
Andrew Goldstein ◽  
Lena Sophia Goldstein ◽  
Vaishnavi Govind ◽  
Kruy Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Hiv Women

ObjectivesLogistical and economic issues make traditional cytology-based cervical cancer screening challenging in developing countries. Alternative, cost-effective, screening strategies must be developed to screen millions of women in resource-poor countries such as Cambodia.DesignA prospective cohort study during which all women underwent four cervical cancer screening methods: (1) self-sampled human papilloma virus (HPV) testing (careHPV system), (2) clinician-collected HPV testing, (3) visualization with acetic acid (VIA) and (4) digital colposcopy (DC) with the Enhanced Visual Assessment System (EVA).SettingA referral hospital in Phnom Penh, Cambodia.ParticipantsTwo hundred and fifty Cambodian women (129 HIV+, 121 HIV-). Subjects were recruited from the National Center for HIV/AIDS Dermatology and sexually transmitted disease (STD) cohort, the Sihanouk Hospital Center of Hope’s Rural Outreach Teams and the Pochentong Medical Center.ResultsFifty six of the 250 (22.4%) patients tested positive for high-risk HPV (hrHPV+). Thirty seven of the 129 HIV+ women were hrHPV+ (28.6%) whereas 19/121 HIV- women were hrHPV+ (15.7%) p=0.0154. Self-sampling HPV specimens identified 50/56 (89%) whereas physician-collected specimens identified 45/56 (80%) p=0.174. 95.2% of the patients felt comfortable obtaining HPV self-samples. Thirty seven of 250 women were VIA+. Thirty of 37 VIA+ women underwent confirmatory biopsies for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) (26 CIN1, 4 CIN2+). The rate of confirmed dysplasia in the HIV+ group was 20/129 (15.5%) compared with 10/121 (8.26%) in HIV- women p=0.0291. The contemporaneous physician impressions of the DC images accurately differentiated between CIN1 and CIN2+ lesions in all 30 women having confirmatory biopsies.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest potential modifications of the current cervical screening strategy that is currently being employed in Cambodia. The first step in this new strategy would be self-swabbing for hrHPV. Subsequently, hrHPV+ patients would have DC and immediate treatment based on colposcopic findings: cryotherapy for suspected CIN1 and loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) for suspected CIN2+.

What School Nurses Need to Know About Cervical Cancer, HPV, and the New Vaccine

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 310-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanie Ehrhardt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Genital Warts ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Spread Of Infection

At least 12,000 women are diagnosed with cervical cancer each year in the United States, accounting for at least 4,000 deaths. Worldwide, cervical cancer is the second most common type of cancer among women. The human papilloma virus (HPV) has been linked to at least 70% of all cervical cancer. HPV can be divided into 2 categories: (a) low risk, which is responsible for genital warts, and (b) high risk, which is responsible for cervical cancer. An effective new vaccine has been approved that will decrease the spread of infection caused by HPV, therefore decreasing the future incidence of cervical cancer and genital warts. Understanding the risks of acquiring HPV and the increased risk for cervical cancer may lead to enhanced vaccine acceptance.

scholarly journals Results of the first human papilloma virus center in Hungary (2007–2011)

2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (45) ◽  
pp. 1804-1807
Author(s):  
Ádám Galamb ◽  
Attila Pajor ◽  
Zoltán Langmár ◽  
Gábor Sobel
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Cytological Atypia ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
International Data ◽  
Hpv Types ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the 21st century. It has been established that infections with specific HPV types are contributing factors to cervical cancer. Approximately 99.7% of cervical cancers are associated with high risk HPV types. HPV testing plays an important role in the prevention, by decreasing the prevalence and the mortality of cervical cancer. There are 16 HPV-centers operating in Hungary, in which patients undergo HPV screening, cervical exams, and treatment based on standardized guidelines. Patients and methods: The first HPV-center was founded in 2007 in Budapest, at the 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University. This study aimed to define the presence and prevalence of HPV-DNA in the cervical swab samples obtained from patients in our center. Authors conducted to assess the age-specific-prevalence, and HPV type distribution, the associated cervical abnormalities, comparing our results with international data. Results: Overall 1155 woman underwent HPV-testing and genotyping, using polymerase chain reaction. Overall, 55.5% of patients had positive test for HPV DNA types, in which 38.5% for high-risk HPV DNA. Overall prevalence was the highest among females aged 15 to 25years (62.9%). The most common HPV type found was the high risk type 16 (19.5% among the patients with positive HPV testing). Presence of high risk HPV with concurrent cervical cytological abnormality was in 32%. More than two-thirds of woman with cytological atypia (70.6%) were infected with two or more high risk HPV types. HPV 16 was detected in 32% of patients with cytological abnormalities. Conclusions: The results suggest that the prevalence of HPV in this study population exceeds the international data. The results attracts the attention the peak prevalence of the high risk types in the youngest age-group, and the higher risk of cervical abnormality in case of presence of two or more HPV types. The dominance of type 16 and 18 was predictable, but the strong attendance of type 51 and 31 among patients who had cytological atypia, was slightly surprising. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 1804–1807.

scholarly journals Human Papilloma Virus-Associated Cervical Cancer and Health Disparities

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patti Olusola ◽  
Hirendra Nath Banerjee ◽  
Julie V. Philley ◽  
Santanu Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cervical Cancer Incidence ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Cancer Outcome

Cervical cancer develops through persistent infection with high-risk human papilloma virus (hrHPV) and is a leading cause of death among women worldwide and in the United States. Periodic surveillance through hrHPV and Pap smear-based testing has remarkably reduced cervical cancer incidence worldwide and in the USA. However, considerable discordance in the occurrence and outcome of cervical cancer in various populations exists. Lack of adequate health insurance appears to act as a major socioeconomic burden for obtaining cervical cancer preventive screening in a timely manner, which results in disparate cervical cancer incidence. On the other hand, cervical cancer is aggressive and often detected in advanced stages, including African American and Hispanic/Latina women. In this context, our knowledge of the underlying molecular mechanism and genetic basis behind the disparate cervical cancer outcome is limited. In this review, we shed light on our current understanding and knowledge of racially disparate outcomes in cervical cancer.

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

2014 ◽  
pp. 46-57
Author(s):  
Sigal Yawetz ◽  
Jennifer A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
The United States ◽  
Secondary Syphilis ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Awide variety of infectious agents are sexually transmitted (see table 6.1), causing an array of disease manifestations that are frequently not confined to the genital tract. According to the most recent Centers for Disease Control (CDC) surveillance data from 2009, the most common reportable sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in the United States are chlamydia, gonorrhea, and primary and secondary syphilis, respectively, and the annual incidence of chlamydia and early syphilis is still increasing. Case reporting for more common STDs, such as genital herpes simplex virus (HSV), trichomonas, and human papilloma virus (HPV) infections is not required. In this chapter several of the most common ulcerative and nonulcerative STDs are discussed. The viral hepatitides (A, B, and C) and HIV merit individual attention and are not addressed in this chapter. Vaginitis and HPV are also not discussed here.

HPV-testing in cervical screening

2016 ◽  
pp. 100-102
Author(s):  
O. Rykova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Pap Test ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Liquid Based Cytology

The article presents modern laboratory aspects of cervical screening, which include assessment of infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) high carcinogenic risk. Key words: cervical cancer, cervical screening, traditional cytology, liquid-based cytology, PAP-test, human papilloma virus.

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