scholarly journals Rising trends of HIV, gonorrhoea, and syphilis in Europe make case for introducing European surveillance systems

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
B Twisselmann
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Systematic Literature Search ◽  
National Surveillance ◽  
European Level ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Epidemiological Monitoring

The prevalence of gonorrhoea and syphilis, and that of HIV infection among heterosexuals, has been increasing in many European countries since 1995, and surveillance of sexually transmitted infections other than HIV should be introduced at a European level, according to an article published in the BMJ last week (1) The authors studied new diagnoses of HIV infection reported by the 10 west European countries collaborating with the European Centre for the Epidemiological Monitoring of AIDS (EuroHIV, http://www.eurohiv.org/). For gonorrhoea and syphilis, they consulted published annual reports from national surveillance centres, and conducted a systematic literature search of published papers.

European Criteria Document for Evaluation of the Work-Relatedness of Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (30) ◽  
pp. 5-445-5-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith K. Sluiter ◽  
Kathleen M. Rest ◽  
Monique H.W. Frings-Dresen
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Systematic Literature Search ◽  
Work Related ◽  
European Consensus ◽  
Work Factors ◽  
Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Selection Of

A European consensus criteria document for diagnosing Work-Related Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRUEMSDs) was developed with the main purpose being prevention. The project was guided by a selection of European experts on the field of upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders and work factors and based on a systematic literature search. The criteria were discussed in a consensus workshop attended by participants of 14 European countries.

scholarly journals Occupationally Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection: National Case Surveillance Data During 20 Years of the HIV Epidemic in the United States

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann N. Do ◽  
Carol A. Ciesielski ◽  
Russ P. Metler ◽  
Teresa A. Hammett ◽  
Jianmin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
National Surveillance ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

AbstractObjective:To characterize occupationally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection detected through case surveillance efforts in the United States.Design:National surveillance systems, based on voluntary case reporting.Setting:Healthcare or laboratory (clinical or research) settings.Patients:Healthcare workers, defined as individuals employed in healthcare or laboratory settings (including students and trainees), who are infected with HIV.Methods:Review of data reported through December 2001 in the HIV/AIDS Reporting System and the National Surveillance for Occupationally Acquired HIV Infection.Results:Of 57 healthcare workers with documented occupationally acquired HIV infection, most (86%) were exposed to blood, and most (88%) had percutaneous injuries. The circumstances varied among 51 percutaneous injuries, with the largest proportion (41%) occurring after a procedure, 35% occurring during a procedure, and 20% occurring during disposal of sharp objects. Unexpected circumstances difficult to anticipate during or after procedures accounted for 20% of all injuries. Of 55 known source patients, most (69%) had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) at the time of occupational exposure, but some (11%) had asymptomatic HIV infection. Eight (14%) of the healthcare workers were infected despite receiving postexposure prophylaxis (PEP).Conclusions:Prevention strategies for occupationally acquired HIV infection should continue to emphasize avoiding blood exposures. Healthcare workers should be educated about both the benefits and the limitations of PEP, which does not always prevent HIV infection following an exposure. Technologic advances (eg, safety-engineered devices) may further enhance safety in the healthcare workplace

scholarly journals Disclosure of board remuneration in large European banks

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-136
Author(s):  
Hans-Peter Burghof ◽  
Christian Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Executive Compensation ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Board Members ◽  
European Level ◽  
European Banks ◽  
Disclosure Rules

In our paper, we analyze the remuneration of board members of large European banks as presented in the annual reports. We find that remuneration differs greatly between European countries both with respect to its total amount and components. Furthermore, the degree of disclosure about remuneration ranges from very detailed reports in some countries to perfect obscurity in others. We construct a disclosure index to characterize the transparency of board remuneration in the different countries. Under agency perspectives, our results encourage the introduction of stricter disclosure rules for executive compensation on a European level.

scholarly journals Systematic review of invasive meningococcal disease epidemiology in the Eastern Mediterranean and North Africa region

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alp Giray Dogu ◽  
Anouk M. Oordt-Speets ◽  
Femke van Kessel-de Bruijn ◽  
Mehmet Ceyhan ◽  
Amine Amiche
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Invasive Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
National Surveillance

Abstract Background Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) represents a global health burden. However, its epidemiology in the Eastern Mediterranean (EM) and North Africa (NA) regions is currently not well understood. This review had four key objectives: to describe asymptomatic meningococcal carriage, IMD epidemiology (e.g. serogroup prevalence, case-fatality rates [CFRs]), IMD presentation and management (e.g. clinical diagnosis, antibiotic treatments) and economic impact and evaluation (including health technology assessment [HTA] recommendations) in EM and NA. Methods A systematic literature search (MEDLINE and EMBASE) was conducted (January 2000 to February 2021). Search strings included meningococcal disease and the regions/countries of interest. Identified publications were screened sequentially by title/abstract, followed by screening of the full-text article; articles were also assessed on methodological quality. Literature reviews, genetic sequencing or diagnostic accuracy studies, or other non-pertinent publication type were excluded. An additional grey literature search (non-peer-reviewed sources; start date January 2000) was conducted to the end of April 2019. Results Of the 1745 publications identified, 79 were eligible for the final analysis (n = 61 for EM and n = 19 for NA; one study was relevant to both). Asymptomatic meningococcal carriage rates were 0–33% in risk groups (e.g. military personnel, pilgrims) in EM (no data in NA). In terms of epidemiology, serogroups A, B and W were most prevalent in EM compared with serogroups B and C in NA. IMD incidence was 0–20.5/100,000 in EM and 0.1–3.75/100,000 in NA (reported by 7/15 countries in EM and 3/5 countries in NA). CFRs were heterogenous across the EM, ranging from 0 to 57.9%, but were generally lower than 50%. Limited NA data showed a CFR of 0–50%. Data were also limited in terms of IMD presentation and management, particularly relating to clinical diagnosis/antibiotic treatment. No economic evaluation or HTA studies were found. Conclusions High-risk groups remain a significant reservoir of asymptomatic meningococcal carriage. It is probable that inadequacies in national surveillance systems have contributed to the gaps identified. There is consequently a pressing need to improve national surveillance systems in order to estimate the true burden of IMD and guide appropriate prevention and control programmes in these regions.

Associations of coronary and peripheral artery disease with presence, expansion, and rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm – a grin without a cat!

VASA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisato Takagi ◽  
Takuya Umemoto
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Peripheral Artery Disease ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Systematic Literature Search ◽  
Peripheral Artery ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract. Both coronary and peripheral artery disease are representative atherosclerotic diseases, which are also known to be positively associated with presence of abdominal aortic aneurysm. It is still controversial, however, whether coronary and peripheral artery disease are positively associated with expansion and rupture as well as presence of abdominal aortic aneurysm. In the present article, we overviewed epidemiological evidence, i. e. meta-analyses, regarding the associations of coronary and peripheral artery disease with presence, expansion, and rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm through a systematic literature search. Our exhaustive search identified seven meta-analyses, which suggest that both coronary and peripheral artery disease are positively associated with presence of abdominal aortic aneurysm, may be negatively associated with expansion of abdominal aortic aneurysm, and might be unassociated with rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Wrist Arthrolysis: A Systematic Review of Open and Arthroscopic Techniques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Guidi ◽  
Riccardo Luchetti ◽  
Inga Besmens ◽  
Esin Rothenfluh ◽  
Maurizio Calcagni
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Systematic Literature Search ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Open Arthrolysis ◽  
Arthroscopic Arthrolysis ◽  
Radiocarpal Joint ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Wrist Stiffness

Abstract Background Wrist arthrolysis is a viable option in wrist stiffness and can be performed via open or arthroscopic techniques. Purpose The aim of the study is to describe and evaluate the available techniques of open and arthroscopic arthrolysis of the radiocarpal joint and the distal radio ulnar joint (DRUJ) in posttraumatic wrist stiffness. Methods A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed to identify studies reporting on open and arthroscopic wrist arthrolysis. Key words included “open wrist arthrolysis,” “arthroscopic wrist arthrolysis,” “post-traumatic wrist stiffness,” and “DRUJ arthrolysis.” Data were extracted independently by a pair of reviewers. Results Overall, 637 studies were identified; 13 additional articles were found through previous publications (total 650 articles). A total of 612 records resulted after duplicates was removed. Fourteen studies were selected and only eight respected the inclusions criteria. One study focused on volar open arthrolysis and four studies on arthroscopic arthrolysis of the radiocarpal joint; two studies reported on open arthrolysis and two studies on arthroscopic DRUJ arthrolysis. Range of motion following open and arthroscopic wrist arthrolysis improved in all studies. Conclusion Both arthroscopic and open arthrolysis can lead to similar and satisfactory results in radiocarpal joint and DRUJ stiffness.. Level of Evidence This is a level 3a study.

scholarly journals The Role of Chemotherapy in Management of Inoperable, Metastatic and/or Recurrent Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy—Own Experience and Systematic Review

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3872
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Styczewska ◽  
Małgorzata A. Krawczyk ◽  
Ines B. Brecht ◽  
Konrad Haug ◽  
Ewa Iżycka-Świeszewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pediatric Oncology ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Neuroectodermal Tumor ◽  
Incomplete Resection ◽  
Systematic Literature Search ◽  
Neural Crest Origin

Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy (MNTI) is a very rare pediatric neoplasm of neural crest origin. In most cases, it develops in infants as a localized tumor of the maxilla, and surgery is usually curative. In less than 10% of patients with inoperable, metastatic or persistently recurring MNTI, chemotherapy (CHT) may be considered; however, its role is still unclear. The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy of CHT in children with large, inoperable, metastatic and/or recurrent MNTI. Four such infants, treated with CHT in Polish and German centers of pediatric oncology, were presented. Additionally, a systematic literature search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and Web of Science databases was performed, yielding 38 similar cases within the last 42 years. Neoadjuvant CHT, based mainly on the protocols for neuroblastoma, was often effective, allowing for complete delayed surgery in most cases. However, the role of adjuvant CHT in preventing recurrences after incomplete resection of MNTI remains unclear. Disseminated inoperable MNTI was almost universally associated with poor response to CHT and unfavorable outcome. Further investigations to elaborate standards of management in patients with inoperable, metastatic or persistently recurring MNTIs are necessary to improve outcomes.

scholarly journals AB0730 ASSOCIATION OF SPONDYLOARTHRITIS AND FAMILIAL MEDITERRANEAN FEVER AND IMPACT ON DISEASE PHENOTYPE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1659.3-1659
Author(s):  
N. Ziade ◽  
A. Nassar
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Familial Mediterranean Fever ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Systematic Literature Search ◽  
Disease Phenotype ◽  
Mefv Mutation ◽  
Mediterranean Fever

Background:Spondyloarthritis (SpA) and Familial Meditaerranean fever (FMF) may co-exist in certain populations, and have some overlapping manifestations (oligo-arthritis, hip involvement). Their association may impact disease phenotype and may affect disease management.Objectives:To evaluate the association of SpA and FMF and its impact on disease phenotype and management.Methods:A systematic literature search was conducted with the keywords spondyloarthritis and familial mediterranean fever from Janurary 1990 to January 2020 in PubMed and using manual cross-reference methods.Results:The search retrieved 74 articles, out of which 37 articles were relevant to the study question; most of the articles were case reports, with some large cohort studies of FMF and SpA (Flowchart in Figure 1).In large FMF cohorts, the prevalence of SpA was higher compared to the general population (7.5-13%, OR around 10). M694V was a risk factor for SpA. These FMF-SpA patients were older at diagnosis, had lower fever attacks, and higher disease duration, inflammatory back pain, chronic arthritis, enthesopathy, persistent inflammation and higher resistance to Colchicine. In case series, they were responsive to anti-TNF therapy.In large SpA cohorts, MEFV mutation, particularly M694V, was found in 15-35% (even without associated FMF). In most cohorts, MEFV mutation carriers didn’t have any distinct disease phenotype, except for some reports of higher ESR, more hip involvement, higher BASFI and higher BASDAI. Genome-wide association studies and case reports suggest an implication for IL-1 and thus a role for Anakinra therapy in these patients.Conclusion:In FMF or SpA patients with resistance to conventional therapy, the evaluation of disease association should be performed as it may have significant impact on disease management.References:[1]Li et al, Plos Genetics 2019. Watad et al, Frontiers Immunol 2019. Atas et al, Rheumatol Int 2019. Cherqaoui et al, JBS 2017. Zhong et al. Plos One 2017. Ornek et al, Arch Rheumatol 2016. Cinar et al, Rheumatol Int 2008. Durmur et al, JBS 2007.Figure 1.Flowchart of the systematic literature search (Spondyloarthritis, Familial Mediterranean Fever; January 1990-2020).Disclosure of Interests:Nelly Ziade Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, Aref Nassar: None declared

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