Research of dimensional-mass characteristics and physical and mechanical properties of bulbs and heaves of seed onion (Stuttgarter Risen variety) in the period of selection
The aim of the research was to determine the size-mass and physico-mechanical properties of bulbs and heaves of seed onion of the Stuttgart Riesen variety during the selection period. The results of studies of the size-mass characteristics of bulbs and roll onion sets of the Stuttgart Riesen variety from the standpoint of creating the working bodies of machines for its cultivation and harvesting are presented. The results of previous studies of onion sets of other varieties are considered. The technique and equipment used in the research are described. The results of the studies are presented in the form of distribution histograms, the analysis of the studies was carried out by the method of variation statistics. Object of study: bulbs and roll onion sets of the Stuttgart Riesen variety. It is established that the value of the onion set form index lies in the range of 0.,82- 1,10. An analysis of the results shows that more than 90% of the bulbs have a rounded shape, approaching the shape of a sphere, the rest are flat-rounded. The main values of the width of the onion-set roll are in the range 53.,0 65,0 cm, with an average value of 59 cm, in addition, we can conclude that there is no large change in thickness in the cross section of the roll, while the average value of the thickness of the roll (left , middle, right) is within 5.4; 6.7; 5.2 cm with an average value of 6.4 cm. The average distance between the onion set rolls during the selection period is 113.4 cm, the maximum is 121 cm, and the minimum is 111.2 cm. The mass of a heap of 1 running meter of onion set roll characterizes the density of the onion set roll is 12.82 kg. However, the minimum and maximum values of this indicator have a wide range of variation from 12.0 to 15.0 kg.