THE CONCEPT OF THE BALTIC-BLACK SEA ARC AND UKRAINIAN FOREIGN POLICY (1990 - EARLY 2000)

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-108
Author(s):  
Alexandr S. Levchenkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Caspian Region ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Eastern Baltic ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The article analyzes the influence of the concepts of the Intermarium and the Baltic-Black Sea Arc on the formation of Ukraine’s foreign policy in 1990 – early 2000. The use of these concepts in American, European and Ukrainian geopolitical thought, which historically included the idea of opposing Russian influence in the region, contributed to the increase in tension and was aimed at further disintegration of the Western flank of the post-Soviet space. The article proves that the design of the Euro-Atlantic vector of Ukraine’s foreign policy was already active under the first two Ukrainian presidents – Leonid Kravchuk (1991–1994) and Leonid Kuchma (1994–2005). One of the concrete attempts to implement the idea of forming a common political, economic, transport and logistics space of the Black Sea-Caspian region with a promising expansion of the cooperation zone to the whole of Eastern Europe and the Eastern Baltic during the presidency of Leonid Kuchma was the foundation and launch of a new regional organization, Organization for Democracy and Economic Development, better known as GUAM (composed by the initial letters of names of member states – Georgia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan, Moldova; when Uzbekistan was also a member of Organization for Democracy and Economic Development, the name of the organization was GUUAM), which is an alternative to Eurasian projects with the participation of Russia.

scholarly journals Political Processes in the Post-Soviet Space (Through the Pages of the IMEMO Monograph)

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
D. Belashchenko ◽  
T. Medvedeva ◽  
I. Ryzhov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The reader is invited to the review of the IMEMO RAS collective monograph «Political processes in the post-Soviet space: new trends and old problems» (ed. by E.G. Solovyev and G.I. Chufrin. Moscow, 2020). The review notes the scientific relevance and practical significance of the monograph for modern science and foreign policy activities of modern Russia, as well as identifies most acute problems of new sovereign countries’ functioning after the collapse of the USSR. As a result, it is concluded that dynamics of the ongoing political and economic processes in the post-Soviet space, destabilization of the situation along the perimeter of Russia’s borders requires increased attention of the Russian political, economic, scientific, and cultural elites to the situation in the neighboring countries.

CONTROLLING TOOLS IN MODELING THE EAEU TAX LOAD

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
V. D. KOVALEVA ◽  
◽  
Z. R. KOCHKAROVA ◽  
L. V. IONIDI ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Tax Burden ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of taxation of the EAEU countries, the methods of tax burden optimization are disclosed, the feasibility of using the tax burden indicator as a criterion for the level of economic development of a business entity is substantiated, the tax burden of the countries of the Eurasian and post-Soviet space is analyzed, a tax burden optimization technique based on controlling tools is proposed.

scholarly journals Trade-offs and inconsistencies of the Russian foreign policy: The case of Eurasia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
Irina Busygina ◽  
Mikhail Filippov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Russian Foreign Policy ◽  
National Sovereignty ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Ukrainian Crisis ◽  
Vladimir Putin ◽  
Former Soviet Republics ◽  
Post Soviet Space

In this article, we explore the inherent trade-offs and inconsistencies of Russia’s policies toward the post-Soviet space. We argue that attempts to rebuild an image of Russia as a “great power” have actually led to a reduction of Russian influence in the post-Soviet region. The more Russia acted as a “Great Power,” the less credible was its promise to respect the national sovereignty of the former Soviet republics. In 2011, Vladimir Putin declared that during his next term as president, his goal would be to establish a powerful supra-national Eurasian Union capable of becoming one of the poles in a multipolar world. However, Russia’s attempt to force Ukraine to join the Eurasian Union provoked the 2014 crisis. The Ukrainian crisis has de-facto completed the separation of Ukraine and Russia and made successful post-Soviet re-integration around Russia improbable.

scholarly journals GEO-ENVIRONMENTAL FEATURES OF HYDROCARBON FIELD DEVELOPMENT IN THE BLACK SEA-CASPIAN REGION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. Akhmadiev ◽  
◽  
V.N. Ekzaryan
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Caspian Region ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Environmental Features ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Gas Fields

The paper notes that the hydrocarbon potential of the Black Sea-Caspian region is not exhausted, and therefore the development of its resources is intensifying. The exploitation of oil and gas fields is closely associated with negative consequences for theenvironment. Therefore, the geo-environmental features of the area must be studied and taken into consideration. In relation to the Black Sea-Caspian region the authors have identified and described such features as: the diversity of geopolitical, regional-geological, geographical conditions; the factor of stability of the geological environment; oil pollution of the marine environment and the organization of monitoring of oil pollution.

scholarly journals The Dark Sea in De administrando imperio: The Baltic or the Black Sea?

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milenko Lončar ◽  
Teuta Serreqi Jurić
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The Baltic

scholarly journals ON VARIETY OF INTEGRATION PROCESSES IN EUROPE

2013 ◽  
pp. 98-105
Author(s):  
L. S. Voronkov
Keyword(s):  
Regional Integration ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Specific Interests ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
European Situation ◽  
Former Ussr ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Post Soviet Space

On the basis of analysis of integration processes between Nordic, Benelux countries and post-soviet states in Europe the author expresses hesitations in accepting the integration experiences gained by the EU as the criterion of efficiency and the pattern for the post-Soviet space. He does not consider that an involvement of all countries with market economy into processes of regional integration, if they do not try to achieve certain political aims through integration, is the universal regularity in the globalized world. In these cases neither free trade zones nor custom unions can be considered as integration stages, but they continue to be the tools for further development of trade. The author proposes to assess the EU evolution with regard to the legal norms of international organizations, where state sovereignty of members is strengthened, not given up to supernational bodies. In case the idea of reestablishment of an unified state on the remains of the former USSR, linked to the necessity to hand over the recently acquired sovereignty to it, is laid down to the ground for practical measures of integration, this kind of integration will hardly be attractive to the potential post-Soviet participants. This perspective is hardly desired for Russia either. The integration path of the EU reflects the peculiarities of the European situation and specific interests of its member states. Many details of the EU activity are not applicable to other integration groupings in Europe and membership criteria in every of them is not universal. Any efforts to construct integration processes in the post-Soviet space in accordance to the EU model without proper consideration to integration experiences of other countries and to political, economic, social, cultural, demographic, military peculiarities of the countries concerned seem to be not acceptable and founded.

scholarly journals Putin's and Russian-led Eurasian Economic Union: A hybrid half-economics and half-political “Janus Bifrons”

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno S. Sergi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Regional Economic Integration ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
Economic Union ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The Eurasian Economic Union is an institution formalized in January 2015 for the purpose of regional economic integration; it includes five countries: Russia, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Armenia, and Kyrgyzstan, and may include Mongolia and Tajikistan in the future. With a GDP of $1.59 trillion in 2015, an industrial production of $1.3 trillion in 2014, and population of almost 200 million as of 2016, the EEAU could represent a geopolitical success that supports both Putin's ambitious political agenda and the Union's economic prospects. Although the efforts of this Union are ongoing and long-term success is not certain, the Russia-led Eurasian Economic Union can be considered a hybrid half-economics and half-political “Janus Bifrons” that serves as a powerful illustration of what Putin envisions for the post-Soviet space. Despite promising steps so far, more should be done toward the achievement of economic development and balanced opportunity for all Eurasian countries. Russia's longstanding role within the Union, as well as its power and political motivations, are all considerations that must be accounted for.

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