Повышение точности прогнозных расчетов технического состояния нефтепроводов с учетом данных датчиков СОД о температуре перекачиваемой нефти

2021 ◽  
pp. 492-499
Author(s):  
Olga V. Kuznetsovа ◽  
Alexey L. Fedotov ◽  
Alexander A. Gonopolsky ◽  
Leonid V. Grigoriev
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Sensor ◽  
Pipe Wall ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Geotechnical Monitoring ◽  
Pipeline Segment ◽  
Pipeline Wall

The experience of operating oil main pipelines laid underground in cryolithozone conditions shows that one of the reasons for the decrease in operational reliability of the pipeline is its thermal effect on permanently frozen ground. The parameter included in the list of initial data for predictive calculations of the technical condition of the oil pipeline is the temperature of the pumped oil, which is traditionally determined by the readings of the sensors measuring the temperature of the pipe wall of monitoring and supervisory control systems. However, the distance between these sensors can reach several tens of kilometers, so the measurements are valid only for selected sections on the pipeline segment, the shape of the temperature distribution function between them remains unknown, which negatively affects the accuracy of predictive calculations. To solve this problem it is proposed to use flow temperature sensors installed on cleaning and diagnostic facilities, with the help of which it is possible to measure the temperature of the pumped oil in each section of the pipeline. The authors set a goal to study the applicability of the results of oil temperature measurements by sensors from cleaning and diagnostics facilities to improve the accuracy of predictive calculations of thawing areolas and soil settlements at the base of main oil pipeline. In the course of the study, a series of tests was carried out using the oil temperature sensor installed on the inline inspection tool VIP 40-OPT.00-01.000 and pipe wall strap-on temperature sensor TSPU 011. According to the results of the study, the expediency of using the results of oil temperature measurements by the sensor of inline inspection tool when calculating the temperature of the pipeline wall to select the shape of the approximating function, as well as to solve related problems of geotechnical monitoring was confirmed. In order to improve the accuracy of predictive calculations of thawing areolas and soil settlements, an algorithm has been developed for checking the compliance of the calculated model of the oil pipeline with the actual pumping conditions. Опыт эксплуатации магистральных нефтепроводов, проложенных подземным способом в условиях криолитозоны, показывает, что одной из причин снижения эксплуатационной надежности трубопровода является его тепловое воздействие на многолетнемерзлый грунт. Параметром, входящим в перечень исходных данных для проведения прогнозных расчетов технического состояния нефтепровода, является температура перекачиваемой нефти, которая традиционно определяется по показаниям датчиков измерения температуры стенки трубы систем диспетчерского контроля и управления. Однако расстояние между этими датчиками может достигать десятков километров, поэтому проводимые измерения справедливы только для выбранных секций на участке трубопровода, форма функции распределения температуры между ними остается неизвестной, что отрицательно сказывается на точности прогнозных расчетов. Для решения данной проблемы предлагается использовать датчики температуры потока, устанавливаемые на средствах очистки и диагностики – с их помощью возможно производить измерения температуры перекачиваемой нефти в каждой секции трубопровода. Авторами поставлена цель по исследованию применимости результатов измерений температуры нефти датчиками со средств очистки и диагностики для повышения точности прогнозных расчетов ореолов оттаивания и осадок грунта в основании магистрального нефтепровода. В ходе исследования проведены испытания с использованием датчика температуры нефти, установленного на внутритрубном инспекционном приборе ВИП 40-ОПТ.00-01.000 и накладного датчика температуры стенки трубы ТСПУ 011. По итогам исследования подтверждена целесообразность использования результатов измерений температуры нефти датчиком внутритрубного инспекционного прибора при расчетах температуры стенки трубопровода для выбора формы аппроксимирующей функции, а также для решения сопутствующих задач геотехнического мониторинга. С целью повышения точности прогнозных расчетов ореола оттаивания и осадки грунта разработан алгоритм проверки соответствия расчетной модели нефтепровода фактическим условиям перекачки.

scholarly journals Exhaust Gas Temperature Measurements in Diagnostics of Turbocharged Marine Internal Combustion Engines Part I Standard Measurements

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Korczewski
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Measuring Signal ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

Abstract The article discusses the problem of diagnostic informativeness of exhaust gas temperature measurements in turbocharged marine internal combustion engines. Theoretical principles of the process of exhaust gas flow in turbocharger inlet channels are analysed in its dynamic and energetic aspects. Diagnostic parameters are defined which enable to formulate general evaluation of technical condition of the engine based on standard online measurements of the exhaust gas temperature. A proposal is made to extend the parametric methods of diagnosing workspaces in turbocharged marine engines by analysing time-histories of enthalpy changes of the exhaust gas flowing to the turbocompressor turbine. Such a time-history can be worked out based on dynamic measurements of the exhaust gas temperature, performed using a specially designed sheathed thermocouple. The first part of the article discusses possibilities to perform diagnostic inference about technical condition of a marine engine with pulse turbocharging system based on standard measurements of exhaust gas temperature in characteristic control cross-sections of its thermal and flow system. Selected metrological issues of online exhaust gas temperature measurements in those engines are discusses in detail, with special attention being focused on the observed disturbances and thermodynamic interpretation of the recorded measuring signal. Diagnostic informativeness of the exhaust gas temperature measurements performed in steady-state conditions of engine operation is analysed in the context of possible evaluations of technical condition of the engine workspaces, the injection system, and the fuel delivery process.

Assessment of technical condition of high-voltage overhead power transmission lines at the stage of their ageing

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
E. M. Farhadzadeh ◽  
A. Z. Muradalyiev ◽  
S. A. Muradalyiev ◽  
A. A. Nazarov
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Weak Links ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
Nonlinear Growth ◽  
Overhead Power Transmission Lines

The organization of operation, maintenance and repair of the basic technological facilities of electric power systems (EPS), which are beyond their designed service life (hereinafter referred to as ageing facilities, or AFs) is one of the problems that determine the energy security of many countries, including economically developed nations. The principal cause of insufficient overall performance of AFs is the traditional focus of the EPS management on economic efficiency and the insufficient attention to reliability and safety of AFs. The tendency to nonlinear growth in the frequency of occurrence of unacceptable consequences in the EPS requires ensuring the operational reliability and safety of AFs. The averaged estimates of reliability and safety used at designing power facilities are not suitable for characterization of overall operational performance. Among the basic and the least investigated (in terms of operational reliability and safety) EPS facilities are overhead power transmission lines (OPL) with a voltage of 110 кV and above. This is for a reason. OPL are electric power facilities with elements distributed along a multi-kilometer line (supports, insulators, wires, accessories, etc.). That is what makes the organization of continuous monitoring of the technical condition of each of these elements, and, consequently, the assessment of operational reliability and safety, so problematic. A method is suggested for assessment of “weak links” among the operated OPL on operative intervals of time along with a method for assessment of the technical condition of OPL at examination of a representative sample.

Mechanically Aspirated Solar Radiation Shields: A CFD and Neural Network Design Analysis

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Fichera ◽  
R. L. Mahajan ◽  
T. W. Horst
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Temperature Sensor ◽  
Temperature Measurements ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis ◽  
Radiation Shields ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Accurate air temperature measurements made by surface meteorological stations are demanded by climate research programs for various uses. Heating of the temperature sensor due to inadequate coupling with the environment can lead to significant errors. Therefore, accurate in-situ temperature measurements require shielding the sensor from exposure to direct and reflected solar radiation, while also allowing the sensor to be brought into contact with atmospheric air at the ambient temperature. The difficulty in designing a radiation shield for such a temperature sensor lies in satisfying these two conditions simultaneously. In this paper, we perform a computational fluid dynamics analysis of mechanically aspirated radiation shields (MARS) to study the effect of geometry, wind speed, and interplay of multiple heat transfer processes. Finally, an artificial neural network model is developed to learn the relationship between the temperature error and specified input variables. The model is then used to perform a sensitivity analysis and design optimization.

scholarly journals The method for increasing the efficiency of equipment’s maintenance in railway traction power supply systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Matusevych ◽  
Valeriy Kuznetsov ◽  
Viktor SYCHENKO
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Repair System ◽  
Maintenance And Repair ◽  
Traction Substations ◽  
Electric Equipment ◽  
Traction Power Supply ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Traction Power

Purpose. To develop the method for increasing the efficiency of the equipment’s maintenance and repair system, ensuring necessary level of operational reliability of the equipment, safety and reliability of the electric equipment with minimal expenses on operation. Relevance. Aging of the power equipment in railway power supply systems sharply raised a need for assessment of its states and degree of risk for operation outside rated service life. In critical conditions of technological processes and operational modes of the railways it is necessary to increase the equipment’s operational reliability. The scheduled maintenance and repair system whose main technical and economic criterion is the minimum of equipment’s downtimes on the basis of a rigid regulation of repair cycles, in the conditions of market regulations in the field of repair in many cases does not provide the optimal decisions due to insufficient financing. The solution of this problem is possible by improvement of the maintenance and repair system. Under these conditions the main direction for supporting the operational reliability of power electric equipment on TS is a development of the modern methods based on individual supervision over real changes of technical condition of power equipment. Scientific novelty. In this article the authors proposed an integrated approach, on the basis of which can be developed the effective maintenance and repair system for traction power supply systems. Proposed approach allowed to react quickly to changes of service conditions on traction substations, to control the technical condition of power electric equipment under the conditions of uncertainty, to establish interrelation between quality of service and operational reliability of the equipment, to choose a service strategy on traction substations. Practical importance. The validity of the developed method was confirmed by the results of calculations and practically by choosing the optimal maintenance's option for transformer TDTN-25000/150-70 U1 (ТДТН-25000/150-70 У1) on traction power supply substation.

scholarly journals On the issue of inertial excitation of diagnostic low-frequency vibrations in pipelines of housing and communal services

2020 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 01079
Author(s):  
R Z Shakurova ◽  
S O. Gaponenko ◽  
A E. Kondratiev
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Pipeline Wall

The article discusses and analyzes issues related to the diagnosis of the technical condition of pipelines for housing and communal services. The main attention is paid to the inertial excitation of diagnostic low-frequency vibrations in the pipeline wall using the developed device. The results of experimental studies are presented.

Assessment of the technical condition of mines with mechanical fuses

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Adam Kubecki ◽  
Cezary Śliwiński ◽  
Janusz Śliwiński ◽  
Ireneusz Lubach ◽  
Leszek Bogdan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Precise Adjustment ◽  
Main Charge ◽  
Materials Used

Contemporary armed conflicts reveal that the use of effective mine barriers has a significant impact on the course of hostilities. Therefore, the Polish Armed Forces selected reliable and effective explosive ordnance as a priority, both newly-acquired material and those currently in operation. For this reason, among others, strict supervision over the technical condition of mines is exercised, in particular during their long-term storage. The reasons behind the increased mine unreliability may include physical and chemical changes in the construction materials used (corrosion, deformations, loss of strength properties), deterioration of the physicochemical properties of the main charge, booster and primer-detonator, inadequate technical condition of the safety components, or the failure of mine fuse mechanisms. In order to assess the mine's operational reliability, each mine fuse subassembly is examined and then a check of the entire assembled mine is performed. This requires proper planning of the full test cycle and the use of inspected and calibrated measuring devices and test stands enabling the precise adjustment of mechanical and climatic stress parameters.

scholarly journals Ensuring safe operation of buildings and structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 04019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Gryaznova
Keyword(s):  
Field Observation ◽  
Ecological Monitoring ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Soil Base ◽  
Safe Operation ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Train Station ◽  
Geotechnical Monitoring ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Ground Structures

It is possible to ensure safety of the entire construction process as well as safe operation of buildings and structures in future by timely implementation of geotechnical monitoring. Geotechnical monitoring of buildings and structures is a complex research of “soil base – foundation – above ground structures of a building”. Geotechnical monitoring studies behaviour of buildings and structures during construction and operation and, safety measures to prevent hazardous situations in future are undertaken upon analysis of acquired results. Geotechnical monitoring comprises combination of works, including field observation for structures’ behaviour of a building under construction or renovation, its foundation, including soil body surrounding the structure under construction, and field observation for structures of surrounding buildings. Such monitoring allows us to timely detect and prevent non-reversible processes that occur in “soil base – foundation – above ground structures of a building” system. Considering task in hand to ensure safety and security of buildings and structures, list of geotechnical monitoring works can be divided into following blocks: object monitoring; hydrogeological monitoring; ecological monitoring and computational and analytical block which makes assessment of current geotechnical situation on the construction object and develops relevant recommendation for further continuation of works. This article looks into special aspects of multiyear (2005 – 2019) geotechnical monitoring for deformational behaviour of buildings under operation, open parking spaces No.1 and No.2, located in area of effect from construction of railway connecting Vnukovo-1 airport and Kievskiy train station in Moscow and in the area of effect of new Vnukovo-1 airport construction. Article looks into tasks to ensure regular operation of existing buildings and monitoring of hazardous situations and their origin caused by construction works or poor technical condition of monitored objects. Particular to renovation of Vnukovo-1 airport, that started in 2005 is the fact that during construction it was necessary to ensure operation of a number of maintained buildings. Among them are open parking spaces No.1 and No.2.

scholarly journals Geotechnical and ecological foundations of the sustainable life cycle of the long-operated unique underground structures of the water disposal system in difficult ground conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 05002
Author(s):  
Nicolay Perminov
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Underground Structures ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Condition Modeling ◽  
Water Disposal

Intensive development of megacities causes the need for sustainable operation of underground urban infrastructure facilities. In the special protection against man-made impact, long-operated unique underground structures of the water disposal system, which are related to facilities with an increased level of responsibility and danger, are needed. In the report, based on the experience of studying the operation of underground wastewater facilities in conditions of weak soils and intensive external static and dynamic impacts, there are proposed new methods for diagnosing their technical condition, modeling and monitoring of the joint work of the "underground structures aggregate of soil" system are implemented, forecasting and shaping conditions for its sustainable life cycle. Point and linear objects of the water canal of St. Petersburg are developed and implemented at unique (to a depth of 70 m.) geotechnology, providing simultaneous increase of bearing capacity, operational reliability and ecological safety of longoperated underground drainage facilities in difficult ground conditions with increasing man-caused impacts.

scholarly journals And probabilistic model to calculate on-the-dejnosti nodes and interfaces of the manipulator

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.А. Сидоренков ◽  
Б.Г. Мартынов
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Optimal Frequency ◽  
Maintenance And Repair ◽  
Reliability Models ◽  
Warranty Period ◽  
Hydraulic Manipulators ◽  
Statistical Studies ◽  
Proactive Maintenance

Во время эксплуатации гидроманипуляторов (ГМ) возникает задача продления жизненного цикла ГМ. В настоящее время он составляет при полной нагрузке ГМ от 3 до 5 лет или 6000 моточасов до капитального ремонта. В зависимости от условий работы и обслуживания этот ресурс, по данным ПО «Подъемные машины», может быть израсходован за 8 мес. Руководством по эксплуатации ГМ определены пять видов ТО: ЕТО и четыре номерных. Причем в гарантийных обязательствах определен период работы ГМ до первого отказа. Он соответствует примерно 120 моточасам. Для продления срока службы ГМ до капитального ремонта необходимо перейти от обычной планово-предупредительной системы ТО и ремонта к проактивной системе. Основу проактивной системы ТО и Р составляет правильное управление техническим состоянием механизма с целью повышения его эксплуатационной надежности, определения оптимальной периодичности ТО и Р, что в свою очередь требует полной информации о техническом состоянии механизма и надежности его узлов и сопряжений. Цель проактивной системы ТО и Р – предупреждать отказ узлов и сопряжений механизма. Для реализации этой цели необходима разработка модели надежности ГМ и проведение статистических исследований отказов элементов механизма. Поэтому данная задача является актуальной. В настоящей статье приводится выражение, которое позволит формировать стратегию обслуживания данного типа манипуляторов для продления их срока службы. Цель исследования – разработка вероятностной модели надежности узлов и сопряжений ГМ для решения одной из задач управления техническим состоянием механизма с целью обоснования проактивной системы ТО и Р. During operation of hydraulic manipulators (GM), there arises the problem of extending the life cycle of the GM. Currently, it is under full load UM from 3 to 5 years or 6000 hours before overhaul. Depending on the conditions of operation and maintenance of this resource, according to «Lifting machines», can be used for 8 months. The user manual for the GM identifies five kinds: UTB and four plates. And in a warranty period defined by the work of the GM until the first failure. It corresponds to about 120 hours. To extend the service life of the GM overhaul need to move from conventional preventive system of maintenance and repair to a proactive system. The basis for proactive maintenance and R is the correct management of the technical condition of the mechanism with the purpose of increasing its ex-operational reliability, determining the optimal frequency and R, which in turn requires full information about the technical condition of the mechanism and reliability of its components and interfaces. The purpose of proactive maintenance and repair – to prevent failure of the nodes and interfaces of the mechanism. To achieve this goal it is necessary to develop reliability models of the GM and carrying out statistical studies of failures of elements of the mechanism. Therefore, this task is urgent. In this paper, we provide an expression that will form the servicing strategy for this type of manipulators to extend their service life. The purpose of the study: the development of probabilistic reliability models of the nodes and interfaces of GM to address one of the problems of control of technical condition of the mechanism in order to justify the proactive maintenance and R.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Efficiency of Transformers Technical Condition Monitoring Based on Dissolved Gas Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 438-448
Author(s):  
Ammar A. Yahya ◽  
Vladimir M. Levin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Effect ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
On Line ◽  
Single Method ◽  
Transformer Equipment

The method of analysis of gases dissolved in oil is one of the most informative methods for early detection of defects in power oil-filled transformers. This determined its wide application in the practice of off-line and on-line monitoring of transformer equipment. In the article, based on the ratio of weight coefficients used in the calculation of the technical condition index of functional units and equipment units, a method for determining the reliability of oil-filled transformer equipment is proposed. An indicator that characterizes the quantitative measure of the diagnostic value of a single method (group of methods) for monitoring parameters of a power oil-filled transformer in the calculations of the technical condition index is obtained. The efficiency of monitoring the state of a power oil-filled transformer was evaluated based on the results of the analysis of gases dissolved in oil. A quantitative example of calculating the economic effect of increasing the operational reliability of a group of 110 kV power transformers in one of the areas of the distribution network using a remote diagnostic monitoring system based on the analysis of gases dissolved in oil is given

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