VARIABILITY OF CADMIUM AND LEAD CONCENTRATION IN THE WATERS OF A LARGE PLAIN RIVER DURING A THIRTY-YEAR OBSERVATION PERIOD

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-471
Author(s):  
Valentin Oreshkin ◽  
Vladislav Khrisanov
Keyword(s):  
Stream Water ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Russian Plain ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Background Values ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Environmental Measures ◽  
Cadmium And Lead ◽  
First Time

The article presents new analytical data on the content of cadmium and lead in river water obtained by the authors using highly sensitive specialized methods of analytical spectrometry. For the first time, a more than thirty-year (1983-2018) study has been carried out, tracing the concentration of elements in the mid-stream water of the Oka River in the area of Prioksko-Terrasny Biosphere Reserve (PTBZ) - a location remote from the zone of formation of technogenic dispersion flow. The general trend was found to be characterized by a gradual decrease in metal content, correlating with the implementation of various environmental measures in the river basin. The trend of decreasing concentration is well expressed for cadmium from 1983 to 1991 and is weaker from 1992 to 2018. Estimates are made of the average regional anthropogenic-dependent concentrations of elements in the Oka River waters, exceeding the Clark (background) values for the world’s rivers significantly. It can be predicted that, if this trend persists, cadmium concentrations in the water of a large plain river will approach the background values for surface waters of the Russian plain.

Thysanoptera diversity associated with Mexican lemon (Citrus aurantifolia Christm.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Avendaño-Gutiérrez ◽  
Salvador Aguirre Paleo ◽  
Alejandro Morales Hernández ◽  
Venecia Quesadas-Béjar
Keyword(s):  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Diaphorina Citri ◽  
Program Calculation ◽  
Homogeneous Relation ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Scirtothrips Citri ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
First Time

Objective: To calculate the monthly relative abundance of Thysanoptera species, according to the Margalef, Simpson and Shannon-Wiener diversity indices. Design / Methodology / Approach: The work was carried out in three geographic units with conventional management, during January-December, 2019 in the Reserva de la Biosfera Zicuirán-Infiernillo (Biosphere Reserve), Michoacán, Mexico. In each unit, 10 trees were selected through simple random sampling. Thrips counts were performed on ten shoots per tree every 15 d, for a total of 7200 shoots in the three geographic units. Thysanoptera individuals were placed in entomological jars. The variables were: number of thrips collected per shoot in sampled tree and geographic unit (orchard). To estimate the specific richness and structure of species, the program "calculation of diversity indices DIVERS" was used. Results: In the three geographical units studied, the recorded presence of Thysanoptera accounted for 12 to 17 species. For Nueva Italia 12 recorded species, two were permanent (16.66%), five abundant (41.66%), one scarce (8.3%) and four rare (33.33%). In Zicuirán, three species were permanent (17.64%), six abundant (35.29%), two scarce (11.76%) and six rare (35.29%). In Los Hoyos, four species were permanent (26.66%), four abundant (26.66%) and seven rare (46.66%). The abundance of species was represented by the genus Frankliniella and the species Scolothrips sexmaculatus and Scirtothrips citri. The highest species richness and abundance was found from January to May. In October and November, the value of the calculated indices was zero, which shows less richness and abundance of individuals. The best species uniformity was recorded during January and December, which meant a more stable and homogeneous relation. Study limitations/Implications. Pest resurgence, presence of Candidatus Liberibacter spp. and its vector Diaphorina citri. Findings / Conclusions: in Nueva Italia, 12 species were taxonomically determined; in Los Hoyos 15, and in Zicuirán 17 species, which are reported for the first time in the state of Michoacán, Mexico. At the geographic unit "Los Hoyos" diversity was higher, uniform and stable.

REINTEGRATION OF THE CHORNOBYL NPP EXCLUSION ZONE ON THE BASIS OF THE DESIGN-PLANNING COMPLEX

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
I.I. Ustinova ◽  
◽  
M.M. Dyomin ◽  
G.V. Aylikova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Brand Name ◽  
Exclusion Zone ◽  
Rational Development ◽  
Production Complex ◽  
Design Planning ◽  
Renewable Energy Generation ◽  
First Time

The aim of the publication is to determine the prerequisites of and to elaborate on the foundations of the Exclusion Zone reintegration in order to address the issue of rational development of urban-planning documentation complex regarding the legitimacy of said territory exploitation. It is established that for the implementation of the «Radioactive waste management strategy» the production complex «Vector» is being constructed on the Exclusion Zone territory; a powerful park of renewable energy generation is being created to implement the «Chornobyl - a Territory of Change» strategy; a Chornobyl Radiation-Ecological Biosphere Reserve was established to support and increase the barrier function of the zone; in order to promote the Safe Chornobyl brand-name, the tourist traffic is being increased and the conditions for the visitors are improving. In the absence of developed and approved city planning documentation, the listed above causes the problem of legitimacy and rationality of the exclusion zone territory use. The paper for the first time raises the question of the need to elaborate the concept of functional planning of the Chornobyl NPP exclusion zone territory and the development of the design-planning complex (urban planning documentation): from the territory.

Cyathodium denticulatum Udar et Srivastava: A rare liverwort new to Chhattisgarh, Central India

2020 ◽  
pp. 171-174
Author(s):  
Ashwini Kumar Dixit ◽  
Mery Aradhna Kerketta
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Central India ◽  
Himalayan Region ◽  
Taxonomic Description ◽  
First Time ◽  
Eastern Himalayan Region

This article reports the occurrence of the thalloid liverwort Cyathodium denticulatum Udar et Srivastava was collected first time from the Achanakmar – Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve (AABR) Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh. It is shown that Cyathodium denticulatum a narrow Himalayan endemic has been reported earlier from Darjeeling, India. There is no record of its occurrence from central India. Cyathodium denticulatum is a rare species known only from eastern Himalayan region. A key to related Indian taxa and taxonomic description is provided.

Supplement to biota of agaricoid basidiomycetes of Oksky Biosphere Reserve

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
E. F. Malysheva ◽  
L. F. Volosnova
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Botanical Institute ◽  
Komarov Botanical Institute ◽  
First Time

New data on species diversity of agaricoid fungi of Oksky Biosphere Reserve are given. The checklist of 41 species with indication of their localities and herbarium numbers (of the Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute, LE) is provided. Three species (Conocybe gigasperma, Entoloma occultopigmentatum, E. scabiosum) are recorded for the first time in Russia.

Intramolecular photoinitiator induced atom transfer radical polymerization for electrochemical DNA detection

The Analyst ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 858-864
Author(s):  
Ligang Ma ◽  
Qianrui Liu ◽  
Lihe Jian ◽  
Shan Ye ◽  
Xiaoke Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization ◽  
Radical Polymerization ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensor ◽  
Dna Detection ◽  
Atom Transfer ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Electrochemical Dna Detection ◽  
First Time

A novel electrochemical biosensor was reported for the first time to achieve highly sensitive DNA detection based on photoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization (photoATRP).

scholarly journals Analysis of free and protein-bound nitrotyrosine in human plasma by a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method that avoids nitration artifacts

2000 ◽  
Vol 345 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T. FROST ◽  
Barry HALLIWELL ◽  
Kevin P. MOORE
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Nitrogen Species ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
First Time

Measurement of nitrotyrosine in biological fluids and tissues is increasingly being used to monitor the production of reactive nitrogen species in vivo. The detection of nitrotyrosine in vivo has been reported with the use of a variety of methods including immunoassay, HPLC and GLC/MS. The validity of HPLC and immunoassays have been questioned with regard to their selectivity and sensitivity limits. In principle, the measurement of nitrotyrosine by GLC/MS permits a highly specific, highly sensitive and fully quantitative assay. The nitration of tyrosine under acidic conditions in the presence of nitrite is well documented. Derivatization for the full quantification of nitrotyrosine by using GLC/MS can lead to the artifactual nitration of tyrosine if performed under acidic conditions in the presence of nitrite. We describe a novel alkaline method for the hydrolysis and derivatization of nitrotyrosine and tyrosine, and demonstrate its applicability to the measurement of plasma concentrations of both free and protein-bound nitrotyrosine and tyrosine. A detection limit of 1 pg for nitrotyrosine and 100 pg for tyrosine has been achieved. Our method allows, for the first time, the analysis of free and protein-bound nitrotyrosine and tyrosine in biological samples. The plasma concentrations (means±S.E.M.) of free tyrosine and nitrotyrosine in eight normal subjects were 12±0.6 μg/ml and 14±0.7 ng/ml respectively. Plasma proteins contained tyrosine and nitrotyrosine at 60.7±1.7 μg/mg and 2.7±0.4 ng/mg respectively.

scholarly journals The growth of interest for astronomical X-ray polarimetry

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Marin
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Supernova Remnant ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
First Time

Astronomical X-ray polarimetry was first explored in the end of the 60's by pioneering rocket instruments. The craze arising from the first discoveries on stellar and supernova remnant X-ray polarization led to the addition of X-ray polarimeters on-board of early satellites. Unfortunately, the inadequacy of the diffraction and scattering technologies required to measure polarization with respect to the constraints driven by X-ray mirrors and detectors, coupled to long integration times, slowed down the field for almost 40 years. Thanks to the development of new, highly sensitive, compact X-ray polarimeters in the beginning of the 2000's, the possibility to observe astronomical X-ray polarization is rising again and scientists are now ready to explore the high energy sky thanks to modern X-ray polarimeters. In the forthcoming years, several X-ray missions (both rockets, balloons and satellites) will open a new observational windows. A wind of renewal blows over the area of X-ray polarimetry and this paper presents for the first time a quantitative assessment, all based on scientific literature, of the growth of interest for astronomical X-ray polarimetry.

scholarly journals Detection of cryptic diversity in lizards (Squamata) from two Biosphere Reserves in Mesoamerica

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-638
Author(s):  
Riccardo Castiglia ◽  
Oscar Alberto Flores-Villela ◽  
Alexandra M. R. Bezerra ◽  
Ekaterina Gornung ◽  
Flavia Annesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Lizard Species ◽  
Dna Taxonomy ◽  
16S Gene ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mtdna Marker

A combined approach based on karyology and DNA taxonomy allowed us to characterize the taxonomic peculiarities in 10 Mesoamerican lizard species, belonging to six genera and five families, inhabiting two Biosphere Reserve in Chiapas, Mexico: La Sepultura Biosphere Reserve, and Montes Azules Biosphere. The karyotypes of four species, Phyllodactylus sp. 3 (P. tuberculosus species group) (2n = 38), Holcosus festivus (Lichtenstein et von Martens, 1856) (2n = 50), Anolis lemurinus Cope, 1861 (2n = 40), and A. uniformis Cope, 1885 (2n = 29–30) are described for the first time, the last one showing a particular X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y condition. In Aspidoscelis deppii (Wiegmann, 1834) (2n = 50) and Anolis capito Peters, 1863 (2n = 42), we found a different karyotype from the ones previously reported for these species. Moreover, in A. capito, the cytogenetic observation is concurrent with a considerable genetic divergence (9%) at the studied mtDNA marker (MT-ND2), which is indicative of a putative new cryptic species. The skink Scincella cherriei (Cope, 1893), showed high values of genetic divergence (5.2% at 16S gene) between the specimens from Montes Azules and those from Costa Rica and Nicaragua, comparable to the values typical of sister species in skinks. A lower level of genetic divergence, compatible with an intraspecific phylogeographic structure, has been identified in Lepidophyma flavimaculatum Duméril, 1851. These new data identify taxa that urgently require more in-depth taxonomic studies especially in these areas where habitat alteration is proceeding at an alarming rate.

scholarly journals Highly sensitive p-type 4H-SiC van der Pauw sensor

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 3009-3013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuan-Khoa Nguyen ◽  
Hoang-Phuong Phan ◽  
Jisheng Han ◽  
Toan Dinh ◽  
Abu Riduan Md Foisal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Strain Sensor ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Van Der Pauw ◽  
P Type ◽  
First Time

This paper presents for the first time a p-type 4H silicon carbide (4H-SiC) van der Pauw strain sensor by utilizing the strain induced effect in four-terminal devices.

Revealing the unseen: the organizer region of the nucleolus

2001 ◽  
Vol 114 (17) ◽  
pp. 3199-3205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Biggiogera ◽  
Manuela Malatesta ◽  
Sousan Abolhassani-Dadras ◽  
François Amalric ◽  
Lawrence I. Rothblum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inner Core ◽  
Organizer Region ◽  
Exact Distribution ◽  
Dense Fibrillar Component ◽  
Fibrillar Center ◽  
Energy Filtering ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Fibrillar Component ◽  
First Time

We carried out a high-resolution ultrastructural analysis of the nucleolus in mouse P815 cells by combining specific DNA and RNA staining, anti-fibrillarin immunolabeling, contrast enhancement by energy filtering TEM and phosphorus mapping by ESI to visualize nucleic acids. We demonstrated that specifically contrasted DNA, fibrillarin and phosphorus overlap within the nucleolar dense fibrillar component. Moreover, we describe a ‘DNA cloud’ consisting of an inner core of DNA fibers (fibrillar center) and a periphery made of extremely thin fibrils overlapping the anti-fibrillarin immunolabeling (dense fibrillar component). This highly sensitive approach has allowed us to demonstrate, for the first time, the exact distribution of DNA within the decondensed interphase counterpart of the NOR, which includes both the fibrillar center and the dense fibrillar component.

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