scholarly journals Principales contaminantes microbiológicos en formulas lácteas infantiles

CienciaUAT ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jhon Jairo Bejarano-Roncancio ◽  
Yuri Milena Castillo-Quiroga
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Cronobacter Sakazakii ◽  
Buenas Prácticas

La leche humana es el mejor ali­mento para el lactante, por lo que las fórmulas lácteas artificiales solo se deben suministrar en situaciones clínicas específicas de acuerdo al criterio médico basado en la eviden­cia científica y a los protocolos ins­titucionales. Es una opción en situa­ciones apremiantes, principalmente por que no existen Bancos de Leche Humana (BLH) en los hospitales. Otros escenarios donde se preparan y suministran dichas fórmulas, son los lactarios hospitalarios, jardines infantiles y en el hogar, donde es­tas actividades de manipulación, tambien requieren de importantes cuidados higiénicos y sanitarios. Desde hace muchos años este tipo de leches, dirigidas a reemplazar la leche materna, han sido cuestiona­das por su intención comercial. Sin embargo, poco se hace referencia a los contaminantes microbiológicos que contienen. El objetivo de esta revisión fue contextualizar los prin­cipales agentes microbiológicos en la producción de fórmulas lácteas infantiles como Salmonella enterica y Cronobacter sakazakii (anterior­mente Enterobacter); se hace énfa­sis en las precauciones, desde las buenas prácticas de manufactura (BPM), hasta los sistemas integrales de gestión de la calidad y otros  procesos durante la cadena productiva, para evitar una enfermedad trans­mitida por alimentos. 

scholarly journals Caco-2 Invasion by Cronobacter sakazakii and Salmonella enterica Exposed to Drying and Heat Treatments in Dried State in Milk Powder

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Lang ◽  
Stéphane Guyot ◽  
Pablo Alvarez-Martin ◽  
Jean-Marie Perrier-Cornet ◽  
Patrick Gervais
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Cronobacter Sakazakii

scholarly journals Riscos microbiológicos de fórmulas para lactentes

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Cristina da Cruz Rodrigues ◽  
Isabela Pereira de Oliveira ◽  
Rosângela Maria Neves Bezerra ◽  
Adriane Elisabete Costa Antunes
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Clostridium Botulinum ◽  
Cronobacter Sakazakii

Resumo O objetivo desse trabalho foi discorrer sobre os principais perigos biológicos encontrados em fórmulas infantis a partir dos relatos da literatura, especialmente de registros de surtos. Este estudo é de cunho exploratório por meio de revisão bibliográfica, sendo utilizados como fontes de dados sites de busca científica. Dentre os principais micro-organismos causadores de doenças ligadas à ingestão de fórmulas infantis estão o Cronobacter sakazakii e a Salmonella enterica, porém outras bactérias, como Clostridium botulinum, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus e Bacillus cereus, podem ser responsáveis por contaminações destas fórmulas. Visto que lactentes apresentam os sistemas imunológico e metabólico ainda em desenvolvimento, estes representam um público mais vulnerável a contaminantes, fazendo-se fundamental o oferecimento de alimentos seguros desde o processamento na indústria até a administração nas residências e unidades hospitalares.

scholarly journals Cellular Injuries in Cronobacter sakazakii CIP 103183T and Salmonella enterica Exposed to Drying and Subsequent Heat Treatment in Milk Powder

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Lang ◽  
Stéphane Guyot ◽  
Caroline Peltier ◽  
Pablo Alvarez-Martin ◽  
Jean-Marie Perrier-Cornet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Subsequent Heat Treatment ◽  
Cronobacter Sakazakii

Evaluation of Methods for Inoculating Dry Powder Foods with Salmonella enterica, Enterococcus faecium, or Cronobacter sakazakii

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 1082-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUSTIN R. WIERTZEMA ◽  
CHRISTIAN BORCHARDT ◽  
ANNA K. BECKSTROM ◽  
KAMAL DEV ◽  
PAUL CHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Desiccation Tolerance ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Cronobacter Sakazakii ◽  
Inoculation Methods ◽  
Log Reduction ◽  
Inoculation Method ◽  
Powdered Food ◽  
Spray Inoculation

ABSTRACT Salmonella and Cronobacter are two bacteria of concern in powdered food ingredients with low water activity, due to their ability to remain viable for long periods of time. There is great interest in studying the survival of these bacteria in powdered foods, but discrepancies have been reported between broth-grown and lawn-grown bacterial cells and their thermal resistance and desiccation tolerance once inoculated onto powdered foods. The purpose of this study was to evaluate three different powdered food inoculation methods, two broth-grown and one lawn-grown. To evaluate these methods on three types of powdered food matrices, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2 (ATCC 700720), Salmonella surrogate Enterococcus faecium (NRRL B-2354), and Cronobacter sakazakii (ATCC 29544) were inoculated onto nonfat dry milk powder, organic soy flour, and all-purpose flour using one of the three previously developed inoculation methods. In the first broth-grown method, labeled broth-grown pelletized inoculation, a bacterial cell pellet was added to powdered foods directly and mixed with a sterile wooden stick. The second broth-grown method, labeled broth-grown spray inoculation, used a chromatography reagent sprayer to spray the bacterial cell suspension onto the powdered foods. The third inoculation method, lawn-grown liquid inoculation, made use of a spot inoculation and a stomacher to incorporate each bacterium into the powdered foods. Results indicated that the method of inoculation of each powder impacted repeatability and bacteria survivability postequilibration (4 to 6 days). Broth-grown spray inoculation, regardless of the powder and bacterium, resulted in the highest log reduction, with an average ∼1-log CFU/g reduction following equilibration. Broth-grown pelletized inoculation resulted in the second-highest log reduction (∼0.79 log CFU/g), and finally, lawn-grown liquid inoculation was the most stable inoculation method of the three, with ∼0.52-log CFU/g reduction. Overall, the results from this inoculation study demonstrate that inoculation methodologies impact the desiccation tolerance and homogeneity of C. sakazakii, E. faecium, and Salmonella Typhimurium LT2.

scholarly journals Evaluación del efecto antimicrobiano de una mezcla de probióticos frente a Cronobacter sakazakii y Salmonella enterica en preparados para lactantes reconstituidos para lactantes

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
C. Candel-Pérez ◽  
R. García-Iborra ◽  
J. García-Alonso ◽  
Mª Carmen Martínez-Gracia
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Cronobacter Sakazakii ◽  
Inhibitory Mechanism ◽  
Bifidobacterium Infantis ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Infant Formulae ◽  
Temperature Interaction

Cronobacter sakazakii y Salmonella enterica son considerados patógenos capaces de causar sepsis y meningitis en lactantes. Se han descrito casos de infección por estos patógenos asociados al consumo de preparados para lactantes contaminados. La inclusión de probióticos en los preparados, además de su papel en la modulación de la microbiota intestinal, podría ser útil para contrarrestar la contaminación de microorganismos patógenos de estos productos una vez reconstituidos y, por lo tanto, reducir el riesgo de infección. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto antimicrobiano de una mezcla de probióticos (Lactobacillus rhamnosus y Bifidobacterium infantis) frente a Cronobacter sakazakii y Salmonella enterica en preparados reconstituidos para lactantes. Las muestras (con o sin probióticos) se inocularon con C. sakazakii o S. enterica y se incubaron a 30 o 40ºC durante 72 horas. Los resultados muestran que la presencia de probióticos en los preparados lácteos no tiene un marcado efecto en el crecimiento de los patógenos. Sin embargo sí se ve potenciado su efecto inhibitorio frente a C. sakazakii por la interacción entre la temperatura de incubación y los probióticos. Los probióticos empleados fueron viables durante todo el período de incubación, por lo que el agotamiento de los nutrientes se descartó como posible mecanismo de inhibición. La disminución del pH en los preparados lácteos inoculados no explica de manera satisfactoria un comportamiento tan diferente entre ambos patógenos. Por lo tanto, se sugiere como posible mecanismo inhibidor la liberación de bacteriocinas específicas con acción contra C. sakazakii pero sin efecto contra Salmonella. Se deben realizar estudios adicionales para probar esta hipótesis.   Cronobacter sakazakii and Salmonella enterica have been implicated in outbreaks causing sepsis and meningitis in infants. Several infection cases have been associated with the consumption of contaminated powdered infant formulae. Besides its role in modulating gut microbiota, the inclusion of probiotics in infant formulae may be useful to counteract pathogen contamination in these products and thus to reduce the risk of infection. The aim of this research was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of a mixture of the probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium infantis against Cronobacter sakazakii and Salmonella enterica in reconstituted follow-on formulae. For that, infant formulae (with or without probiotics) were inoculated with either C. sakazakii or S. enterica and incubated at 30 or 40ºC for 72 hours. Overall, the results showed the presence of probiotics inhibiting the growth of C. sakazakii together with incubation temperature (interaction between both factors). Probiotics were viable throughout the incubation period so that nutrient exhaustion could be ruled out as the mechanism of C. sakazakii inhibition. Thus, the acidification of media observed during the study was hypothesized to be responsible for pathogen growth inhibition. However, since in the case of formulae inoculated with Salmonella the behavior of probiotics and pH values was similar to C. sakazakii, the decrease of pH does not satisfactorily explain such a different behavior. So, it is suggested that the production of specific bacteriocins by probiotics against C. sakazakii but not against Salmonellla could be the underlying inhibitory mechanism. Further studies should be carried out to test this hypothesis.

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