scholarly journals Evaluación de extracto etanólico de hojas de tomillo Thymus vulgaris como inhibidor de virulencia en Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Ciencia Unemi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (37) ◽  
pp. 81-91
Author(s):  
Francisco Pozo-Miranda ◽  
Silvia Pinoargote Véliz
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris

Actualmente hay enfermedades emergentes causadas por bacterias, cuyo problema principal es el síndrome de mortalidad temprana transmitido por Vibrio parahaemolyticus causando mortalidad y pérdidas económicas en cultivos de invertebrados acuáticos. Por ello, se investigó la efectividad del extracto de las hojas del tomillo Thymus vulgaris como agente inhibidor de virulencia. Se efectuaron ensayos in vitro de factores de virulencia como concentración mínima inhibitoria, densidad celular, movilidad y biopelícula. Los resultados permitieron determinar inhibición en la proliferación bacteriana de los ensayos a distintas concentraciones, efecto que se percibió en la sensibilidad para V. parahaemolyticus correspondiente a la concentración mínima inhibidora a 3.5 mg/ml y 10.5 mg/ml. En la densidad celular se observó acción inhibidora a 17.5 mg/ml. En ensayos de movilidad en medio semilíquido (swimming) la bacteria disminuyó la capacidad de moverse a 17.5 mg/ml, 10.5 mg/ml y 3.5 mg/ml, al igual que en medio semisólido (swarming) donde la bacteria careció de capacidad para moverse frente a todas las concentraciones. En cuanto a la formación de biopelícula se observó que el efecto inhibidor resulta a 3.5 mg/ml. Se concluye que el extracto de tomillo no funcionó como antibacteriano, sino como inhibidor de virulencia para V. parahaemolyticus, acción que se debe a compuestos presentes en el extracto (indol y lactonas). No obstante, para establecer su uso en acuacultura es necesario realizar ensayos de purificación de estas dos moléculas para evaluar en infecciones con Vibrio parahaemolyticus en larvas de camaróns en larvas de camarón.

scholarly journals Combination of Direct Viable Count and Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (DVC-FISH) as a Potential Method for Identifying Viable Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Oysters and Mussels

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1502
Author(s):  
Jorge García-Hernández ◽  
Manuel Hernández ◽  
Yolanda Moreno
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Hybridization Technique ◽  
Fish Technique ◽  
Viable Cells

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a human food-borne pathogen with the ability to enter the food chain. It is able to acquire a viable, non-cultivable state (VBNC), which is not detected by traditional methods. The combination of the direct viable count method and a fluorescent in situ hybridization technique (DVC-FISH) makes it possible to detect microorganisms that can present VBNC forms in complex samples The optimization of the in vitro DVC-FISH technique for V. parahaemolyticus was carried out. The selected antibiotic was ciprofloxacin at a concentration of 0.75 μg/mL with an incubation time in DVC broth of 5 h. The DVC-FISH technique and the traditional plate culture were applied to detect and quantify the viable cells of the affected pathogen in artificially contaminated food matrices at different temperatures. The results obtained showed that low temperatures produced an important logarithmic decrease of V. parahaemolyticus, while at 22 °C, it proliferated rapidly. The DVC-FISH technique proved to be a useful tool for the detection and quantification of V. parahaemolyticus in the two seafood matrices of oysters and mussels. This is the first study in which this technique has been developed to detect viable cells for this microorganism.

Antioxidant, Antiprotoscolices Activity of Ethanolic Extracts of Some Medicinal Plants Against Echinococcus granulosus as Eco-friendly System

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Amer Abed ◽  
Orooba Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Mentha Spicata ◽  
Time Dependent Effect ◽  
Promising Source

The principal objective of the study is to investigate the use of Mentha spicata, Thymus vulgaris and Ocimum basilicum as a good alternative option to Antiprotoscolices in-vitro. Hydatid disease, a zoonotic parasitic infection caused by Echinococcus granulosus, an important economic and human public health problem with a wide geographical distribution. Fertile hydatid cysts were collected from livestock and the viability of the protoscolices was confirmed. Protoscolices were subjected to four different concentrations of organic extracts (12.5, 25, 50 and 75 mg/ml) for 10, 20 and 30 min. Each extract was investigated and viability of the protoscolices was tested using 0.1% eosin staining. The highest efficacy was by T. vulgaris, M. spicata (100%), and O. basilicum (98.8%) respectively, after exposure of 20 minutes at 75 mg/ml, that lead to the significant reduction in the viability of protoscolices. The extract had time-dependent effect. Phytochemical were identified qualitatively and weighted quantitatively, that help in the identification of bioactive compounds involved in selective action on the protoscolices tegument layer. In conclusion, all the selected medicinal plants could be a promising source of potent antiprotoscolices effect. The mechanism by which plant extracts killed protoscolices and also their safety for living cells are unclear and need to be investigated further.

scholarly journals Diferentes condimentos vegetais: avaliação sensorial e de atividade antibacteriana em preparação alimentar com frango cozido

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-348
Author(s):  
F. Rodrigues ◽  
H.H.C. Carvalho ◽  
J.M. Wiest
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Allium Porrum ◽  
Allium Tuberosum ◽  
Capsicum Baccatum ◽  
Origanum Majorana

A partir da atividade antibacteriana in vitro, predeterminada em doze plantas com indicativo etnográfico condimentar, testou-se este atributo in loco no modelo caldo com frango cozido. Primeiramente, procedeu-se ao treinamento de 10 avaliadores, segundo a legislação vigente quanto ao Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido, oportunizando conhecimentos prévios sobre as plantas salsa (Petroselinum sativum), manjerona branca (Origanum X aplii), manjerona preta (Origanum majorana), manjericão (Ocimum basilicum), sálvia (Salvia officinalis), tomilho (Thymus vulgaris), anis verde (Ocimum selloi), alfavaca (Ocimum gratissimum), alho nirá (Allium tuberosum), alho poró (Allium porrum), cúrcuma (Curcuma longa) e pimenta dedo-de-moça (Capsicum baccatum). Realizou-se, através da adição individualizada desses condimentos ao caldo com frango cozido, um Teste de Aceitação tipo escala hedônica, selecionando, dentre os doze condimentos, quatro deles que se destacaram sensorialmente, a pimenta dedo-de-moça, o alho nirá, o alho poró e o tomilho. Foi feito, então, um Teste de Aceitação de concentrações denominadas pequena, média e grande destes quatro condimentos, para determinação da intensidade sensorialmente melhor aceita. As quantidades eleitas (0,5 g de pimenta dedo-de-moça, 15 g de alho nirá, 15 g de alho poró e 5 g de tomilho) foram acrescidas ao caldo com frango cozido, sendo estes desafiados frente a Escherichia coli (ATCC 11229) em concentração final de 10 UFC mL-1, limite tolerado pela legislação, tendo como grupo-controle o caldo com frango cozido sem condimentos. O crescimento bacteriano foi aferido a cada duas horas após a inoculação, até completar 24 horas de confronto, utilizando-se meio seletivo para coliformes termo-resistentes e incubação constante a 25ºC em DBO, sendo atribuídos valores arbitrários às variações logarítmicas de crescimento. Comparados ao controle, todos os tratamentos condimentados apresentaram, individualmente, atividade antibacteriana significativa, mesmo que sem significância quando comparados entre si. Contudo, em relação ao tempo de início da atividade antibacteriana, destacou-se a pimenta dedo-de-moça, enquanto que, em relação ao prolongamento dessa ação no tempo, destacou-se o alho nirá. As 12 plantas condimentares em estudo tiveram atestada a sensorialidade, sendo que as quatro plantas com destaque tiveram a atividade anti-coliforme termo-resistente comprovada in loco. Diferentes condimentos vegetais foram capazes de fornecer qualificação sensorial e sanitária em caldo com frango cozido, em condições domésticas de manuseio.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Efficacy of Some Medicinal Plants on Multidrug Resistance Bacteria and Their Toxicity on Eukaryotic Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 8479
Author(s):  
Sereen M. B. Bataineh ◽  
Yaser H. Tarazi ◽  
Wafá A. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Eukaryotic Cells ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts

The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity of medicinal Methanolic plant extracts against multidrug-resistant bacteria to determine the cytotoxicity of these extracts on eukaryotic cells, and to confirm their efficacy against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in experimental animals. The effects of the methanol extract of sixty folk plants were investigated on; MRSA, Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase E. coli and MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa by disc diffusion and MIC assay. Cytotoxicity was determined using MTT and hemolysis of human erythrocytes. Three plant extracts with the highest antimicrobial activities were tested using a challenge experiment on mice. Systemic infection was performed by intraperitoneal inoculation of (5 × 106 CFU/mL) of MRSA isolate. Then mice received 300 mg/kg body weight of the plant extracts daily for seven days. The efficacy of plant extracts was evaluated by general health, mortality rate, gross lesion, and histopathology study of inoculated mice. Only ten plants showed activities against different MDR bacteria with inhibitory zones ranging from (8 to 22 mm) in diameter. Of the ten medicinal plant extracts, and Aloysia citrodora showed the highest activities against MRSA and Camellia sinensis MSSA isolates, with MIC values ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 mg/mL, followed by Hibiscus sabdariffa, Thymus vulgaris, and Glycyrrhiza glabra. Furthermore, the extract of the effective plants showed low toxicity against Vero and fibroblasts cell lines, along with inhibitory activities to erythrocytes membrane disruption. The in vivo study demonstrated that Camellia sinensis showed significant activity against MRSA infections in mice. The results validate that these plants are effective and safe antibacterial agents against multidrug-resistance bacteria, and have the potential to be utilized as an alternative to antibiotics for the treatment of bacterial infections.

scholarly journals The anticonvulsant and anti-plasmid conjugation potential of Thymus vulgaris chemistry: An in vivo murine and in vitro study

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 472-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak ◽  
Magdalena Walasek ◽  
Tariq M. Aljarba ◽  
Paul Stapleton ◽  
Simon Gibbons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Plasmid Conjugation

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Essential Oils Against Planktonic and Biofilm Cells of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)/Carbapenamase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria Involved in Human Nosocomial Infections

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona Iseppi ◽  
Alessandro Di Cerbo ◽  
Piero Aloisi ◽  
Mattia Manelli ◽  
Veronica Pellesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Disk Diffusion Assay ◽  
Diffusion Assay

The aim of this study was to analyze the antibacterial activity of four essential oils (EOs), Melaleuca alternifolia, Eucalyptus globulus, Mentha piperita, and Thymus vulgaris, in preventing the development and spread of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL)-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa and carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. A total of 60 strains were obtained from the stock collection from the Microbiology Laboratory of Hesperia Hospital, Modena, Italy. Twenty ESBL-producing E. coli, 5 K. pneumoniae, 13 KPC-producing K. pneumoniae, and 20 MBL-producing P. aeruginosa were cultured and reconfirmed as ESBL and carbapenamase producers. Polymerase chain reaction was used for the detection of genes responsible for antibiotic resistance (ESBL and KPC/MBL). Antibacterial activity of the EOs was determined using the agar disk diffusion assay, and minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were also evaluated. Lastly, adhesion capability and biofilm formation on polystyrene and glass surfaces were studied in 24 randomly selected strains. M. alternifolia and T. vulgaris EOs showed the best antibacterial activity against all tested strains and, as revealed by agar disk diffusion assay, M. alternifolia was the most effective, even at low concentrations. This effect was also confirmed by MICs, with values ranging from 0.5 to 16 µg/mL and from 1 to 16 µg/mL, for M. alternifolia and T. vulgaris EOs, respectively. The EOs’ antibacterial activity compared to antibiotics confirmed M. alternifolia EO as the best antibacterial agent. T. vulgaris EO also showed a good antibacterial activity with MICs lower than both reference antibiotics. Lastly, a significant anti-biofilm activity was observed for the two EOs (*P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 for M. alternifolia and T. vulgaris EOs, respectively). A good antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of M. alternifolia and T. vulgaris EOs against all selected strains was observed, thus demonstrating a future possible use of these EOs to treat infections caused by ESBL/carbapenemase-producing strains, even in association with antibiotics.

scholarly journals Eficacia antimicrobiana del aceite esencial de tomillo (Thymus vulgaris) sobre una cepa de Staphylococcus aureus

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 588
Author(s):  
Mayra Montero Recalde ◽  
Juan Carlos Mira ◽  
Diana Avilés Esquivel ◽  
Pilar Pazmiño Miranda ◽  
Ramiro Erazo Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Mueller Hinton

El trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la eficacia antimicrobiana in vitro del aceite esencial de tomillo (Thymus vulgaris) sobre Staphylococcus aureus. Se evaluaron concentraciones al 1, 5, 10, 30, 50, 70 y 90% en dilución en etanol al 96.8%. Se determinó la Concentración Mínima Inhibitoria mediante el método de microdilución en caldo. El inóculo bacteriano se estandarizó al 0.5 de la escala de MacFarland en espectofotómetro, teniendo como resultado que el tubo al 1% de aceite de tomillo no presentó turbidez. Este, al ser sembrado en agar Mueller-Hinton determinó la Concentración Bactericida Mínima donde no se observó crecimiento de colonias. Los resultados indican que los tratamientos al 5 y 10% no son significativamente diferentes (p<0.05) con valores de halos de inhibición de 15.35 mm y 15.9 mm, respectivamente, en comparación al 1% que presentó 12.2 mm de halo de inhibición.

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