scholarly journals Novel Method for the production of Water from Humid Environment of Qatar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hammad Siddiqui ◽  
Osama Fayyaz ◽  
Syed Zaidi
Keyword(s):  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Peltier Effect ◽  
Atmospheric Water ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Cooling Effects

Water scarcity is the major challenge of the upcoming decades for the entire world. Middle eastern nations are prone to water scarcity due to very less rainfall, scarce fresh water sources, sandy surroundings and harsh humid climatic conditions. Qatar being the leader of natural gas production suffers from the same problem of pure and clean water. Water desalination techniques adopted so far are energy intensive and unknown to oceanic habitat. The use of vapor compression cycle for the condensation of atmospheric water vapor has various limitations such as complex machinery, high power consumption and periodical maintenance. This novel method utilizes heavy humid conditions of Qatar to obtain water from the atmosphere through Peltier Effect. This method uses the dissimilarity of the conductors in the electric circuit such that the current is made to flow through the circuit and the heating and cooling effects are generated at the junctions where cooling temperature of the junction can be achieved below the dew point temperature thus forming the dew which is collected in the closed container as condensed atmospheric water. This technique is superior to other conventional methods of water production due to its cost efficiency, energy saving, simple machinery and portability of the entire system.

scholarly journals Production and Purification of Water from Humid Air by Using Activated Carbon Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.24) ◽  
pp. 688
Author(s):  
R. Gnanasekaran ◽  
Ramya. K ◽  
D. Yuvaraj ◽  
Noorul Jamela
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Peltier Effect ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Humid Air ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Is Design ◽  
Water Purity ◽  
Purification Of Water

Drinking Water scarcity is one of the leading issue in our growing world. The atmospheric air contains large amount of water in the form of water vapor, fog, mist etc.In which 30% of water is wasted.Under this situation the climatic conditions of many regions are suitable for generating water. This moisture content is processed by condensation principle to produce fresh water that may be used as distilled water in laboratory and further purification leads to drinking water purity level. Here cooling is produced by Peltier effect and hot air is passed to cooling medium and when it reaches dew point it start condensing water from air. The obtained water from air contain excess of contaminants such as bacteria, nitrate, nitrate, odor, ammonium etc.., these toxic substances are remove by using biofiltration method. In this research filter medium is constructed by extraction of Activated charcoal from coconut waste. . The main aim of our project is utilization of renewable resources that are already available in nature and turn back this energy into water. This project is design a device that can convert humid air directly into clean water.    

Condensate Banking Removal Using Slow Release of In-Situ Energized Fluid

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Al-Nakhli ◽  
Amjed Hassan ◽  
Mohamed Mahmoud ◽  
Abdualilah Al-Baiz ◽  
Wajdi Buhaezah
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
Computer Modelling ◽  
Gas Injection ◽  
Thermochemical Treatment ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Tight Reservoir ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Production Period

Abstract Condensate banking represent a persistent challenge during gas production from tight reservoir. The accumulation of condensate around the wellbore can rapidly diminish gas production. When reservoir pressure drop below dew point, condensate start to dropout from gas phase, filling pores and permeable fractures, and block gas production. There are several strategies to mitigate condensate banking, however, these strategies are either demonstrate limited results or are economically not viable. In this study, a novel method to mitigate condensate was developed using thermochemical reactants. Slow-release of thermochemical reactants inside different core samples was studied. The effect of in-situ generation of gas on the petrophysical properties of the rock was reported. Thermochemical treatment was applied to recover condensate on sandstone and carbonate, where the reported recoveries were around 70%. However, when shale sample was used, the recovery was only 43%. Advanced Equation-of-State (EoS) compositional and unconventional simulator (GEM) from CMG (Computer Modelling Group) software was used to simulate thermochemical treatment and gas injection. The simulation study showed that thermochemical stimulation had increased production period from 3.5 to 22.7 months, compared to gas injection.

scholarly journals Experiments on Energy-Efficient Evaporative Cooling Systems for Poultry Farm Application in Multan (Pakistan)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2836
Author(s):  
Khawar Shahzad ◽  
Muhammad Sultan ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Hadeed Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Evaporative Cooling ◽  
Thermal Exposure ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Humidity Index

Poultry are one of the most vulnerable species of its kind once the temperature-humidity nexus is explored. This is so because the broilers lack sweat glands as compared to humans and undergo panting process to mitigate their latent heat (moisture produced in the body) in the air. As a result, moisture production inside poultry house needs to be maintained to avoid any serious health and welfare complications. Several strategies such as compressor-based air-conditioning systems have been implemented worldwide to attenuate the heat stress in poultry, but these are not economical. Therefore, this study focuses on the development of low-cost and environmentally friendly improved evaporative cooling systems (DEC, IEC, MEC) from the viewpoint of heat stress in poultry houses. Thermodynamic analysis of these systems was carried out for the climatic conditions of Multan, Pakistan. The results appreciably controlled the environmental conditions which showed that for the months of April, May, and June, the decrease in temperature by direct evaporative cooling (DEC), indirect evaporative cooling (IEC), and Maisotsenko-Cycle evaporative cooling (MEC) systems is 7–10 °C, 5–6.5 °C, and 9.5–12 °C, respectively. In case of July, August, and September, the decrease in temperature by DEC, IEC, and MEC systems is 5.5–7 °C, 3.5–4.5 °C, and 7–7.5 °C, respectively. In addition, drop in temperature-humidity index (THI) values by DEC, IEC, and MEC is 3.5–9 °C, 3–7 °C, and 5.5–10 °C, respectively for all months. Optimum temperature and relative humidity conditions are determined for poultry birds and thereby, systems’ performance is thermodynamically evaluated for poultry farms from the viewpoint of THI, temperature-humidity-velocity index (THVI), and thermal exposure time (ET). From the analysis, it is concluded that MEC system performed relatively better than others due to its ability of dew-point cooling and achieved THI threshold limit with reasonable temperature and humidity indexes.

scholarly journals Janus Membrane with Novel Directional Water Transport Capacity for Efficient Atmospheric Water Capture

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wu ◽  
Baona Ren ◽  
Haohong Pi ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Miaomiao Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Water Transport ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Transport Capacity ◽  
Atmospheric Water ◽  
Human Survival ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Energy Independence

Fresh water scarcity becomes a crisis to human survival and development. Atmospheric water capture with remarkable advantages such as energy-independence, low-cost, etc., has been supposed as a promising way to...

scholarly journals Water Scarcity and Sustainability in an Emerging Economy: A Management Perspective for Future

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Dianxi Zhang ◽  
Muhammad Safdar Sial ◽  
Naveed Ahmad ◽  
António José Filipe ◽  
Phung Anh Thu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Crisis ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
Management Perspective ◽  
Emergency Measures

Water scarcity is rising as a global issue, because the planet earth is facing a global water crisis, which is considered something that can destroy environmental sustainability of our planet. The fact is that humanity’s demand is depleting natural resources faster than nature can replenish itself; if human habits and unsustainable use of water resources do not change, water scarcity will inevitably intensify and become a major cause of conflict among different nations of the world. The water scarcity issue is a crucial issue but unfortunately it has not received due attention in past. Pakistan, which once was a water abundant country, now facing a situation of water scarcity. Pakistan has a poor irrigation system which results 60% loss of its water; Pakistan uses more water for crop production than other countries. Likewise, the country harvests water from rainfall, rivers, snow, and glaciers. The country is facing a serious water crisis that is caused by different factors, such as changing climatic conditions, rising population, poor irrigation system, poor political will, and rapid urbanization. The water crisis of Pakistan is expected to worsen in coming years. This is a drastic situation which calls for emergency measures. With this background, the present study provides a detailed view of the water situation in the country with challenges to water management. The study also suggests some recommendations for policymakers to improve the water crisis situation in the future.

A novel method for survival of rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L.) mother plants under extreme climatic conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 227-237
Author(s):  
Absar Nilofer ◽  
Anil Kumar Singh ◽  
Devendra Kumar ◽  
Parminder Kaur ◽  
Anuj Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Pelargonium Graveolens ◽  
Mother Plants ◽  
Novel Method

Case Study of Condensate Dropout Effect in Unconventional Gas/Condensate Reservoirs with Hydraulically Fractured Wells

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali H. Alsultan ◽  
Josef R. Shaoul ◽  
Jason Park ◽  
Pacelli L. J. Zitha
Keyword(s):  
Gas Production ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Large Reservoir ◽  
Unconventional Gas ◽  
Gas Condensate Reservoirs ◽  
Liquid Saturation ◽  
Reservoir Volume ◽  
Fracture Performance

Abstract Condensate banking is a major issue in the production operations of gas condensate reservoirs. Increase in liquid saturation in the near-wellbore zone due to pressure decline below dew point, decreases well deliverability and the produced condensate-gas ratio (CGR). This paper investigates the effects of condensate banking on the deliverability of hydraulically fractured wells producing from ultralow permeability (0.001 to 0.1 mD) gas condensate reservoirs. Cases where condensate dropout occurs over a large volume of the reservoir, not only near the fracture face, were examined by a detailed numerical reservoir simulation. A commercial compositional simulator with local grid refinement (LGR) around the fracture was used to quantify condensate dropout as a result of reservoir pressure decline and its impact on well productivity index (PI). The effects of gas production rate and reservoir permeability were investigated. Numerical simulation results showed a significant change in fluid compositions and relative permeability to gas over a large reservoir volume due to pressure decline during reservoir depletion. Results further illustrated the complications in understanding the PI evolution of hydraulically fractured wells in "unconventional" gas condensate reservoirs and illustrate how to correctly evaluate fracture performance in such a situation. The findings of our study and novel approach help to more accurately predict post-fracture performance. They provide a better understanding of the hydrocarbon phase change not only near the wellbore and fracture, but also deep in the reservoir, which is critical in unconventional gas condensate reservoirs. The optimization of both fracture spacing in horizontal wells and well spacing for vertical well developments can be achieved by improving the ability of production engineers to generate more realistic predictions of gas and condensate production over time.

Modeling Condensate Banking Mitigation by Enhanced Gas Recovery Methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Mohsin ◽  
Abdul Salam Abd ◽  
Ahmad Abushaikha
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Finite Difference ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Enhanced Recovery ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Enhanced Gas Recovery ◽  
Gas Recovery

Abstract Condensate banking in natural gas reservoirs can hinder the productivity of production wells dramatically due to the multiphase flow behaviour around the wellbore. This phenomenon takes place when the reservoir pressure drops below the dew point pressure. In this work, we model this occurrence and investigate how the injection of CO2 can enhance the well productivity using novel discretization and linearization schemes such as mimetic finite difference and operator-based linearization from an in-house built compositional reservoir simulator. The injection of CO2 as an enhanced recovery technique is chosen to assess its value as a potential remedy to reduce carbon emissions associated with natural gas production. First, we model a base case with a single producer where we show the deposition of condensate banking around the well and the decline of pressure and production with time. In another case, we inject CO2 into the reservoir as an enhanced gas recovery mechanism. In both cases, we use fully tensor permeability and unstructured tetrahedral grids using mimetic finite difference (MFD) method. The results of the simulation show that the gas and condensate production rates drop after a certain production plateau, specifically the drop in the condensate rate by up to 46%. The introduction of a CO2 injector yields a positive impact on the productivity and pressure decline of the well, delaying the plateau by up to 1.5 years. It also improves the productivity index by above 35% on both the gas and condensate performance, thus reducing production rate loss on both gas and condensate by over 8% and the pressure, while in terms of pressure and drawdown, an improvement of 2.9 to 19.6% is observed per year.

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