scholarly journals GAS PRODUCTION AND UTILIZATION IN NIGERIA: A LONG-TERM PERSPECTIVE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 58-72
Author(s):  
Henry Biose
Keyword(s):  
Gas Production ◽  
Regulatory Structure ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Financing Structure ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Gas Utilization ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Sustainable Financing ◽  
Gas Supply

The study reviewed the gas production and utilization in Nigeria and outlines strategies for long term development. There is weak gas resource management system in Nigerian that has resulted to gas production being at 8.0bscf/d with utilization of 39% (2.9 bscf/d) on NLNG, 31% (2.3 bscf/d) on reinjection and other operational usage, 15% (1.1 bscf/d) on gas flaring and 16% (1.2bscf/d) on domestic gas consumption. The study shows a 41% daily average domestic gas supply obligation performance. Extensive review of related literatures was used to obtain relevant data and information on gas production and utilization in Nigeria. The study revealed inconsistencies and low gas production and utilization in Nigeria with respect to the Nigerian Gas Master plan that was not fully implemented, relatively low gas flare penalty and insufficient domestic gas utilization projects. The compressed natural gas utilization in Nigeria has only been used in Benin-City for cars, Nestle Shagamu factory and Power gas Africa. The proposed strategy for the long-term gas production and utilization in Nigeria includes sustainable management structure, sustainable governance and regulatory structure and sustainable financing structure.

Esso Australia’s long-term contribution to the east coast gas market

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Fay
Keyword(s):  
Joint Venture ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
The Right ◽  
Gas Supply

This year marks the golden jubilee of Australia’s offshore petroleum industry after the first gas was produced from Bass Strait by Esso and BHP’s Gippsland Basin Joint Venture. For half a century our industry has been driven by technology – pioneering technical excellence and pushing the envelope in the pursuit of much needed oil and gas production. Today, the landscape in East Australia is changing and gas is at the forefront of the discussion. Declines in East Australia’s historical conventional fields have seen gas supply tighten and prices rise. There is a strong need for additional affordable and reliable gas supply. While continued improvements in technology remain a critically important enabler in developing Australia’s gas resources; global supply and demand, regulatory frameworks, and the commercial arrangements that underpin new developments are becoming more and more important. ExxonMobil Australia’s new Chairman, Nathan Fay, has a wealth of experience working with gas markets around the world. He will explain why it is so important for policymakers to establishment a stable free market environment to encourage these long-term relationships. To view the video, click the link on the right.

scholarly journals Adatgyűjtés, adatelemzés hőkezelési folyamat modellezéséhez

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 234-238
Author(s):  
Zoltán Fabulya
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Gas Utilization ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
Treatment Equipment ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Canned Meat ◽  
Heat Treatment Equipment

We have been looking for the possibility to build a computer model of costly gas utilization in the course of heat treatment of canned meat. This was necessary for us, as the first part of our long-term research, to be able to accomplish minimized costs by synchro-nizing heat treatment processes running side by side and by production programming to define completion time of the cans. First, because of our multiple data (paper based, text file, image file, Excel file), we have arranged them under a common user interface, while defining the best one from the data with different precision appearing in several sources. Based on the accurate data we did correlation and regression analysis to define the data influencing the gas consumption and to see whether our present data was enough to develop a model. Since the furnace has to ensure the steam supply of the heat treatment equipment and the heating of the buildings too, we defined the gas consumption of the furnace which is dependent on the environmental temperature.

VICTORIAN GAS MARKET-OPPORTUNITIES FOR PRODUCERS

1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 755
Author(s):  
C.P. Demarte
Keyword(s):  
Gas Production ◽  
Market Place ◽  
Supply Contracts ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Market Growth ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
Gas Market ◽  
Gas Supply

This paper addresses opportunities for producers in the Victorian gas market arising from the ongoing reform of the Australian gas industry. Much of the impetus of the change has occurred in Victoria but to date there has been little evidence of the benefit of market reform to producers. This is expected to change.Until recently, Esso/BHPP had a secure hold on gas production into the Victorian market. The renegotiation of their gas supply agreement with Gas and Fuel has created opportunities for limited production from new producers in the short term and significant market options in the long term.Gas marketing companies are preparing to change the way they do business. Rigid long-term gas supply contracts will be balanced with alternative arrangements with producers such as financing of field development, equity investment in projects, alliances, commodity exchanges and the use of underground gas storage and LNG.The formation of a spot market for gas will allow a transparent market place to evolve where forward physical and paper transactions can take place. Trading of gas futures and options will provide a mechanism for producers to take up any risk position that meets their corporate strategy.In the light of market growth forecasts, flexible supply arrangements and market restructure, the potential for supply of natural gas by producers into the Victorian market is considerable.

scholarly journals Models for the development of multi-level gas supply systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 02014
Author(s):  
Nikolay Ilkevich ◽  
Tatyana Dzyubina ◽  
Zhanna Kalinina
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Hierarchical Modeling ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Information Base ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Gas Supply

The article shows the relevance of hierarchical modeling in substantiating the optimal development of the gas industry in modern conditions. The questions of aggregation of calculation schemes of gas supply systems are considered. A set of mathematical models is proposed that allows us to consider it at three levels of the hierarchy, taking into account the improvement, refinement and detail of the information base being developed. Models are considered: 1) optimization of the structure of gas supply systems; 2) optimization of se-zone gas consumption, analysis and synthesis of reliability; 3) optimization of parameters of the main gas-wire taking into account reliability. The created information base on gas supply systems of the Russian Federation includes dynamics of development of demand for natural gas in the domestic and foreign markets, aggregated technical and technological, cost and reliability characteristics of system objects (main gas lines, fields, underground gas storage facilities) and forecasts of gas production. On the basis of mathematical models, studies of the development of multi-level gas supply systems in Russia for the period up to 2030 are performed: the rates and directions of development of the gas transport structure, commissioning of new fields and optimal gas flows through the Russian Federation are substantiated. A systematic assessment of the means of regulating seasonal unevenness of gas consumption and the means of ensuring the reliability of the North-Western district of the Russian Federation was carried out.

scholarly journals Hőkezelési folyamat modellezési adatainak előkészítése, elemzése húskonzerv-gyártás gázfogyasztásának optimálásához

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
Zoltán Fabulya
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Gas Utilization ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
Treatment Equipment ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Canned Meat ◽  
Heat Treatment Equipment

We have been looking for the possibility to build a computer model of costly gas utilization in the course of heat treatment of canned meat. This was necessary for us, as the first part of our long-term research, to be able to accomplish minimized costs by synchronizing heat treatment processes running side by side and by production programming to define completion time of the cans. First, because of our multiple data (paper based, text file, image file, Excel file), we have arranged them under a common user interface, while defining the best one from the data with different precision appearing in several sources. Based on the accurate data we did correlation and regression analysis to define the data influencing the gas consumption and to see whether our present data was enough to develop a model. Since the furnace has to ensure the steam supply of the heat treatment equipment and the heating of the buildings too, we defined the gas consumption of the furnace which is dependent on the environmental temperature.

Application of Due Diligence Audit for Value Creation: Case Study from Gas PSC of Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankaj Kumar Sinha ◽  
Hue Teng Lim
Keyword(s):  
Value Creation ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Due Diligence ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Technical Assessment ◽  
Gas Fields ◽  
Gas Supply

Abstract As resource owner of all hydrocarbon assets of Malaysia, Petroliam Nasional Berhad (PETRONAS) through Malaysia Petroleum Management (MPM) is responsible for providing asset integrity assurance, maintaining producing assets in safe and operable conditions and ensuring compliance to data management by Petroleum Agreement Contractors (PACs). For mature fields nearing expiry of production sharing contracts (PSCs), it is even more critical to safeguard the integrity of petroleum facilities and to conduct an inventory check of acquired data during transition from existing to new PACs. A Due Diligence Audit (DDA) provides an important milestone to benchmark the health of existing assets (subsurface and surface) and outlining roadmap for future development opportunities for the PSC fields. This paper presents key technical results and value creation areas from the DDA conducted for one of the largest gas field PSC in Malaysia. This gas PSC consisted of multiple gas fields and production hubs catering to a majority of gas production in the region. Although the fields had been in production for more than 20 years, maintaining production plateau rate and optimizing operating cost were identified as key concerns for long term sustainability. New development opportunities were also needed to mitigate the same. For existing fields, incremental recovery projects focused on lowering the abandonment pressure are planned. To maximize the utilization of gas processing capacity in production hubs, nearby gas fields have also been identified for cluster development and evacuation. Assurance on long-term gas supply is targeted through fast pace exploration in the early years of new PSCs to discover new gas development areas and to further increase the operating life of these hubs. As ageing assets, each of the fields also faced unique challenges such as liquid handling, subsidence issues and increasing inventory of idle wells. Through successful application of the DDA framework, a detailed technical assessment of deliverables was conducted along with liability management to address these asset integrity risks. With the successful completion of DDA for these fields, the technical assessment deliverables have created significant PSC value by securing identified opportunities under minimum work commitments. In addition, it facilitated a roadmap for idle wells management plan and new technology in "Implement Replicate" phasing. This has helped PETRONAS to further monetize opportunities in ageing assets, and safeguard producing hubs for long-term gas supply. This paper presents an efficient Due Diligence Audit workflow for long term value creation in mature fields and assets.

Research of pressure influence in the gas supply system on the energy consuption level of gas devices

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
L. D. Pylypiv ◽  
І. І. Maslanych
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas Combustion ◽  
Gas Supply

There are investigated the influence of operating pressures in the gas supply system on the level of such energy indicators as efficiency, gas flow and gas overrun by gas equipment in residential buildings. There is established a relationship between the values of operating pressures in the gas supply system and the gas consumption level of household appliances. The causes of insufficient pressure in the gas networks of settlements are analyzed in the article. There is also developed an algorithm for calculating the change in the efficiency of gas appliances depending on the operational parameters of the gas network. It has been found that the most efficient operation of gas appliances is observed at an overpressure at the inlet of gas appliances of about 1200 Pa.To ensure the required quality of natural gas combustion among consumers and minimize gas consumption there are justified the following measures in the article: coordinating a domestic regulatory framework for assessing the quality of natural gas with international norms and standards; improving the preparation of gas coming from local wells before supplying it to gas distribution networks; auditing low pressure gas pipelines and reconstructing areas affected by corrosion; ensuring standard gas pressure in the network for the normal operation of domestic gas appliances; stating quality indicators of natural gas combustion by gas sales organizations.

Commodity Exchange-Traded Funds

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Milliken
Keyword(s):  
Portfolio Diversification ◽  
Futures Contracts ◽  
Spot Price ◽  
Exchange Traded Funds ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Regulatory Structure ◽  
Commodity Exchange ◽  
Asset Class ◽  
Exchange Traded Fund

Commodity exchange-traded funds (ETCs), which debuted in 2004, enable investors to access an asset class previously difficult or expensive to access. Although a small segment of the overall exchange-traded fund (ETF) universe, ETCs have grown in popularity with both speculators and investors looking for long-term portfolio diversification. Examples of the types of commodities that are now accessible through ETCs include gold, oil, and agricultural. The literature on ETCs is limited, but academic and industry work has centered on using futures contracts to replicate the performance of the underlying commodities spot price as well as the effect additional capital has had on the integrity of the futures market. This chapter covers this topic by reviewing the growth, investment strategies, and regulatory structure of ETCs as well as the underlying effects these funds have had on the underlying markets with which they engage.

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