scholarly journals Effects of Co-substrate Concentrations on the Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Common Reed and Cow Dung

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giang Van Tran ◽  
Yuwalee Unpaprom ◽  
Rameshprabu Ramaraj
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Common Reed ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Methane Content ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Working Volume

The biochemical methane potentials for common reed (Phragmites australis) and cow dung from northern Thailand, Chiang Mai city were investigated. This study aims to evaluate optimal parameters for the substrate of common reed and cow dung with different ratios (i.e. 1:1, 2:1 and 1:2) for improving the quality of methane content and biogas production. The effect of the co-substrate mixture was carried out in a batch reactor operated under room temperature and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 45 days. The experiments were conducted in the fermenter with a working volume of 2.5 L and a total volume of 3L. The substrate was containing 15% of total solids (TS) and fermentation at initial pH 7. Biodegradation of substrate stated that chemical oxidation demand (COD) removal was 52.38%, the utilization of volatile solid was 75.46%. The results were achieved at ratio 2:1 (common reed and cow dung) reached the highest methane content and total biogas yield are 70% and 20,015 ml, respectively. Consequently, the results of this study suggested that mixing ratios of influence on the fermentation process and monitoring parameters were significant for further scale up or large-scale design of enriched methane content and biogas production.

Evaluation of Biogas Production from Bio-Digestion of Organic Wastes

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 217-227
Author(s):  
Oludare Johnson Odejobi ◽  
Oluwagbenga Abiola Olawuni ◽  
Samuel Olatunde Dahunsi ◽  
Akinbiyi Ayomikusibe John
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Methane Content ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Animal Manures ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Poultry Droppings

The present study evaluates the influence of kitchen wastes on animal manures via anaerobic digestion for biogas production. The digestion was done using a digester with a capacity of 5L. The digester was loaded with the slurry of wastes prepared by mixing the wastes with water in ratio 1:1, and operated at mesophilic temperature of 37 ± 2°C for 30 days. The co-digestion of kitchen wastes with poultry droppings produced highest biogas yield (814.0 ml/kg VS fed) and the least (365.84 ml/kg VS fed) was from the co-digestion of kitchen wastes with the mixture of poultry droppings and cow dung. Composition analysis of the biogas showed the highest methane content (63.1%) from kitchen wastes and the lowest (56.2%) from co-digestion of kitchen wastes with poultry droppings. The pH range for optimum biogas production varied between 5.25 and 7.5. The study concluded that biogas yield from co-digestion of substrates, among other factors depends on the composition of participating substrates.

Comparative Analysis of a Locally Developed Biogas Digester Using Selected Substrates

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin N. Nwaigwe ◽  
Christopher C. Enweremadu
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Vegetable Waste ◽  
Cumulative Yield ◽  
Biogas Yield

A work on the comparative analysis of selected substrates for biogas production using a developed digester is presented. The substrates utilized include cow dung and vegetable waste. The developed digester has 60 litres of substrate volume, incorporates ease of stirring the slurry and mobility of the digester within the farm. The digester was charged with cow dung and vegetable waste respectively with water in a ratio 1:2 at a mesophilic temperature range (20°C – 45 °C) for thirty days retention time and comparative yield within the same operating conditions was studied. The results obtained from the gas production showed that cow dung produced a cumulative biogas yield of 0.702 litres while vegetable waste produced a cumulative yield of 0.144 litres. This result showed that these wastes could be a source of renewable gas if operated on a large scale, while simultaneously reducing environmental pollution particularly within a farm. Also, the results highlight the selection options available to a rural farmer in terms of yield.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Komposisi Subtrat dari Campuran Kotoran Sapi dan Rumput Gajah (Pennisetum purpureum) terhadap Produktivitas Biogas pada Digester Semi Kontinu

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Agus Haryanto ◽  
Rivan Okfrianas ◽  
Winda Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Biogas Production ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Working Volume

A B S T R A C TThis study aims to determine the effect of substrate composition on biogas production from a mixture of cow dung and elephant grass using semi-continuous digester. Fresh cow dung and elephant grass were obtained from Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. Elephant grass was knife-chopped, crushed using a blender and then mixed with cow dung at a total solid (TS) ratio between elephant grass and cow dung varies from 35:65 (P1), 40:60 (P2), 45:55 (P3), and 50:50 (P4). This mixture was then diluted with tap water until its TS content reach 5% and was used as substrate. Four semi-continuous digesters (labeled as P1 to P4) having a capacity of 36 L and working volume of 28 L were initially loaded with 22 L of diluted fresh cow dung (dilution ratio of 1:1) as a starter (source of bacteria) and were left until stable condition. When the biogas was produced, the prepared substrate was added daily into the respective digester at a loading rate of 500 mL.d-1. Parameters to be observed included daily temperature and pH of the substrate, daily biogas production, TS and VS content, and biogas quality. The results showed that the digester worked at average pH of 6.9 and the daily temperature 26.3 to 29.7°C. The total biogas production for 60 days was 608.4, 676.8, 600.0, and 613.3 L, respectively for P1, P2, P3, and P4. Biogas yield after the substrate achieving the designed composition was 254 (P1), 260 (P2), 261 (P3), and 271 L.m-3 of the substrate (P4). The addition of elephant grass up to 50% could maintain high production of biogas.Keywords: biogas; cow dung; elephant grass; productivity; semi-continuous A B S T R A KPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh komposisi substrat terhadap produktivitas biogas dari campuran kotoran sapi dan rumput gajah pada digester semi kontinu. Rumput gajah dan kotoran sapi segar diperoleh dari Jurusan Peternakan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung. Rumput gajah dipotong menggunakan pisau dan dihancurkan dengan blender hingga halus dan dicampurkan dengan kotoran sapi pada perbandingan berat padatan kering (TS) 35:65 (P1), 40:60 (P2), 45:55 (P3), dan 50:50 (P4). Campuran ini diencerkan dengan air hingga kandungan TS mencapai 5% dan digunakan sebagai substrat. Empat digester semi kontinu (diberi label P1 hingga P4) dengan volume kerja 28 L mula-mula diisi dengan 22 L starter kotoran sapi segar yang diencerkan dengan air pada perbandingan berat 1:1 dan dibiarkan hingga stabil. Setelah gas mulai diproduksi, substrat yang telah dipersiapkan (sesuai label) ditambahkan ke dalam masing-masing digester dengan laju pembebanan 500 mL hari-1. Parameter yang diamati meliputi suhu harian, pH substrat, kandungan TS dan VS, produksi biogas, dan kualitas biogas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa digester bekerja pada pH rata-rata 6,9 dan suhu harian antara 26,3–29,7°C. Total produksi biogas selama 60 hari adalah 608,4; 676,8; 600,0; dan 613,3 L berturut-turut untuk P1, P2, P3, dan P4. Produktivitas biogas setelah substrat mencapai komposisi yang direncanakan adalah 254 (P1), 260 (P2), 261 (P3), dan 271 L/m-3 substrat (P4). Penambahan rumput gajah hingga 50% masih menghasilkan biogas yang tinggi.Kata kunci: biogas; kotoran sapi; produktivitas; rumput gajah; semi-kontinu

The Influence of Leachate Refluence on Dry Mesophilic Co-Fermentation

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 1735-1739
Author(s):  
Fu Bin Yin ◽  
Zi Fu Li ◽  
Shuang Hou ◽  
Xiao Feng Bai ◽  
Ting Ting Wang
Keyword(s):  
Biogas Production ◽  
Methane Content ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Biogas Yield

The main objectives of this research were to determine the effect of leachate refluence on biogas production for dry mesophilic co-fermentation of chicken manure and corn straw. The biogas production, the ratio of biogas production, methane content and pH were analyzed. The results showed that the leachate refluence has a significant impact on biogas production of dry co-fermentation. The cumulative biogas yield of the once in 48h has an increase by 10% and 5% for no reflux and once in 24h, respectively. The leachate refluence has little influence on the methane content, but it has good effect to keep pH in the optimum rang.

scholarly journals Effect of Hydraulic Retention Time on Biogas Production from Cow Dung in A Semi Continuous Anaerobic Digester

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus Haryanto ◽  
Sugeng Triyono ◽  
Nugroho Hargo Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Anaerobic Digester ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Average Analysis

The efficiency of biogas production in semi-continuous anaerobic digester is influenced by several factors, among other is loading rate. This research aimed at determining the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the biogas yield. Experiment was conducted using lab scale self-designed anaerobic digester of 36-L capacity with substrate of a mixture of fresh cow dung and water at a ratio of 1:1. Experiment was run with substrate initial amount of 25 L and five treatment variations of HRT, namely 1.31 gVS/L/d (P1), 2.47 gVS/L/d (P2), 3.82 gVS/L/d (P3), 5.35 gVS/L/d (P4) and 6.67 gVS/L/d (P5). Digester performance including pH, temperature, and biogas yield was measured every day. After stable condition was achieved, biogas composition was analyzed using a gas chromatograph. A 10-day moving average analysis of biogas production was performed to compare biogas yield of each treatment. Results showed that digesters run quite well with average pH of 6.8-7.0 and average daily temperature 28.7-29.1. The best biogas productivity (77.32 L/kg VSremoval) was found in P1 treatment (organic loading rate of 1.31 g/L/d) with biogas yield of 7.23 L/d. With methane content of 57.23% treatment P1 also produce the highest methane yield. Biogas production showed a stable rate after the day of 44. Modified Gompertz kinetic equation is suitable to model daily biogas yield as a function of digestion time.Article History: Received March 24th 2018; Received in revised form June 2nd 2018; Accepted June 16th 2018; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Haryanto, A., Triyono, S., and Wicaksono, N.H. (2018) Effect of Loading Rate on Biogas Production from Cow Dung in A Semi Continuous Anaerobic Digester. Int. Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 7(2), 93-100.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.7.2.93-100

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anaerobic Digestion of Dairy Wastewater in an Innovative Multi-Section Horizontal Flow Reactor

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Dębowski ◽  
Marcin Zieliński ◽  
Marta Kisielewska ◽  
Joanna Kazimierowicz
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Methane Content ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Horizontal Flow ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Biogas Yield

The aim of this study was the performance evaluation of anaerobic digestion of dairy wastewater in a multi-section horizontal flow reactor (HFAR) equipped with microwave and ultrasonic generators to stimulate biochemical processes. The effects of increasing organic loading rate (OLR) ranging from 1.0 g chemical oxygen demand (COD)/L·d to 4.0 g COD/L·d on treatment performance, biogas production, and percentage of methane yield were determined. The highest organic compounds removals (about 85% as COD and total organic carbon—TOC) were obtained at OLR of 1.0–2.0 g COD/L·d. The highest biogas yield of 0.33 ± 0.03 L/g COD removed and methane content in biogas of 68.1 ± 5.8% were recorded at OLR of 1.0 g COD/L·d, while at OLR of 2.0 g COD/L·d it was 0.31 ± 0.02 L/COD removed and 66.3 ± 5.7%, respectively. Increasing of the OLR led to a reduction in biogas productivity as well as a decrease in methane content in biogas. The best technological effects were recorded in series with an operating mode of ultrasonic generators of 2 min work/28 min break. More intensive sonication reduced the efficiency of anaerobic digestion of dairy wastewater as well as biogas production. A low nutrient removal efficiency was observed in all tested series of the experiment, which ranged from 2.04 ± 0.38 to 4.59 ± 0.68% for phosphorus and from 9.67 ± 3.36 to 20.36 ± 0.32% for nitrogen. The effects obtained in the study (referring to the efficiency of wastewater treatment, biogas production, as well as to the results of economic analysis) proved that the HFAR can be competitive to existing industrial technologies for food wastewater treatment.

Reactor scale-up in AOPs: from laboratory to commercial scale

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.S. Zalazar ◽  
M.D. Labas ◽  
C.A. Martín ◽  
R.J. Brandi ◽  
A.E. Cassano
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Acid Output ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Mass Balances ◽  
Tubular Flow Reactor ◽  
Tubular Flow

A procedure to scale-up photoreactors employed in AOPs using laboratory information has been developed. Operating with a model compound the proposed procedure was applied to the decomposition of formic acid in water solution using hydrogen peroxide and UV radiation. With laboratory experiments the parameters of the kinetic equation were obtained in a small batch reactor operated within a recycling apparatus. The whole system was modeled employing radiation and mass balances. These balances were used together with a non-linear parameter estimator to derive the model kinetic constants. Then, these results were used in the modeling of the large-scale reactor to predict exit conversions in an isothermal, continuous, tubular flow reactor that is 2 m long and has a volume of 12 l. Once more, radiation and mass balances were used to predict formic acid output concentrations. Experimental data in the large-scale apparatus are in good agreement with theoretical predictions.

scholarly journals Performance of Anaerobic Digestion of Chicken Manure Under Gradually Elevated Organic Loading Rates

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Wang ◽  
Mengfu Pei ◽  
Ling Qiu ◽  
Yiqing Yao ◽  
Congguang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Methane Content ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Loading Rates

Poultry manure is the main source of agricultural and rural non-point source pollution, and its effective disposal through anaerobic digestion (AD) is of great significance; meanwhile, the high nitrogen content of chicken manure makes it a typical feedstock for anaerobic digestion. The performance of chicken-manure-based AD at gradient organic loading rates (OLRs) in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) was investigated herein. The whole AD process was divided into five stages according to different OLRs, and it lasted for 150 days. The results showed that the biogas yield increased with increasing OLR, which was based on the volatile solids (VS), before reaching up to 11.5 g VS/(L·d), while the methane content was kept relatively stable and maintained at approximately 60%. However, when the VS was further increased to 11.5 g VS/(L·d), the total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), pH, and alkalinity (CaCO3) rose to 2560 mg·L−1, 8.2, and 15,000 mg·L−1, respectively, while the volumetric biogas production rate (VBPR), methane content, and VS removal efficiency decreased to 0.30 L·(L·d)−1, 45%, and 40%, respectively. Therefore, the AD performance immediately deteriorated and ammonia inhibition occurred. Further analysis demonstrated that the microbial biomass yield and concentrations dropped dramatically in this period. These results indicated that the AD stayed steady when the OLR was lower than 11.5 g VS/(L·d); this also provides valuable information for improving the efficiency and stability of AD of a nitrogen-rich substrate.

Solid-State Anaerobic Digestion for Methane Production from Corn Stalks with Stack-Pretreated

2011 ◽  
Vol 697-698 ◽  
pp. 326-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.X. Zhou ◽  
Y.P. Dong ◽  
Y.L. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Pretreatment Method ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Microbial Pretreatment ◽  
Microbial Strains

Microbial pretreatment was applied to enhance biogas production from corn stover through solid-state anaerobic digestion, but the price of microbial strains is high. The objective of this study was to find the effects on biogas production by the naturally microbial pretreatment method. The highest cumulative biogas yield for 60-day solid-state anaerobic digestion was obtained in B group (the pretreated corn straws with cow dung), which was 19.6% higher than that of the untreated samples. The D group（the pretreated corn straws with the sludge）cumulative biogas yield for 60-day solid-state anaerobic digestion was obtained, which was 18.87% higher than that of the untreted samples. The biogas of D group increased to the range of 55%～60% methane content, while B group with the range of 75%～80%.The results indicated that the pretreated corn straws mixing cow manure can improve both the biogas production yield and the content of methane in CH4。

scholarly journals Kinetic Study on Biogas Production from Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) Waste and Its Blend with Animal Manure Using Logistic Function Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Christian C. Opurum
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Logistic Function ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Function Model ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Significant Difference

This research paper aimed to evaluate the kinetics of anaerobic digestion (AD) of mixtures of cabbage waste (CW) with (Poultry dropping (PD) and Cow dung (CD). The study was conducted in 10L bio-digesters for 35 days under mesophilic conditions (25 - 35OC). Logistic function equation was used to simulate the experimental data to test for its goodness of fit and kinetic parameters namely: maximum biogas potential (Pb), the maximum biogas production rate (Rm), and the lag phase duration (λ) were estimated in each treatment. Chemical analysis showed that individual substrates possess characteristics that could support microbial activities in biogas production. The biogas yield in terms of added  volatile solids (VS) in decreasing order was as follows: 0.022, 0.018, 0.017, 0.014, 0.014 and 0.013 dm3/g VS for CW/CD 2:1, CW/PD3:1, CW/CD 1:1, CW alone, CW/PD1:1 and  CW/PD 2:1, respectively. A significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) in biogas yield was recorded in CW/CD 2:1 with 7.19 dm3 (53.29% increase). The kinetic parameters (Pb, Rm, and λ) for CW/CD 2:1 was 7.01 dm3, 1.58 dm3.d, and 2.29 days, respectively. This was followed by CW/PD 3:1 (5.84 dm3); with 24.92% increase in gas production and CW/CD 1:1 (5.42 dm3) with 15.53% increase relative to CW alone, 4.69 dm3. The digesters fed with CW/PD 1:1 and CW/PD 2:1 exhibited inhibitory effects on biogas production, with 7.51 and 2.05% decrease in gas yield, respectively. The logistic function model demonstrated a strong relationship between the experimental and model-predicted data. The high correlation coefficient (R2) ranging between 0.978 - 0.993 is evident. The model proved to be a useful tool in predicting anaerobic digestion and biogas production process.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document