scholarly journals Evaluation of Leaf Spot Resistance and Agronomic Characteristics of Groundnut Advanced Breeding Lines

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
Yudiwanti Wahyu ◽  
Achmad Achmad ◽  
Wahyu Junaedi
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Pod Number

Leaf spot is a major groundnut disease in Indonesia and worldwidewhich has the potential to cause a yield loss of up to 60%. The use of leaf spot resistant cultivars is an easy, economical, and environmentally friendly way in groundnut cultivation to maintain high yields. The objective of the research was to evaluate the yields of 16 groundnut lines which had been developed to be leaf spot resistant and high yielding. The research was conducted in 2010 – 2011 at the Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) experimental station in Cikarawang, Indonesia. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used in the experiment. The groundnut lines evaluated were crosses between “Gajah”, a cultivar which is known to be susceptible to leaf spot, and the resistant line GPNC- WS4. Four Indonesian cultivars “Gajah”, “Jerapah”, “Zebra” and “Sima” were used as control. The results showed that selected lines demonstrated better resistance to leaf spot compared to “Gajah”. Their agronomic characteristics, such as pod number, filled pod number, pod weight, and kernel weight, were not significantly different from the control cultivars. The results of this study have provided information on groundnut leaf spot resistant lines for further evaluation.

scholarly journals Daya Hasil Galur-Galur Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) Tahan Penyakit Bercak Daun di Kecamatan Ciranjang Kabupaten Cianjur Provinsi Jawa Barat

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Yudiwanti Wahyu ◽  
Dede Rosyana Budiman
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Block Design ◽  
High Yield ◽  
West Java ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

<p style="text-align: justify;">This research was aimed to evaluate the yield of 16 peanut leafspot resistant lines derived from cross between Gajah variety and GPNC-WS 4 line with four check varieties of peanut. The four check varieties of peanut consist of Gajah, Jerapah, Zebra Putih, and Sima. The experiment was carried out at Ciranjang District, Cianjur Regency, West Java, from February to May 2011. This research was arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. Result showed that GWS 39 D, GWS 110 D, GWS 18 A1, GWS 79 A, and GWS 110 A2 were identified as lines with high yield. GWS 74 D, GWS 39 B, GWS 79 A, GWS 73 D, GWS 18 A1, GWS 134 A1, and GWS 110 A1 were identified as lines with high resistant level to leafspot of peanut. Two of sixteen lines had high yield and high resistant level to leafspot, they were GWS 79 A and GWS 18 A1.</p><p>Key words : peanut, yield evaluation, leaf spot resistant</p>

scholarly journals Estimates of Heritability and Genetic Advance for Yield Components of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) under Drought Stress Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
A. Sheidu ◽  
T. M. Igyuve ◽  
A. E. Ochigbo
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Parental Mating ◽  
Pod Number

The study was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farms, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria. Five Cowpea genotypes (FUAMPEA-1, IT99K-573-1-1, SAMPEA-16, SAMPEA-8, BIU LOCAL) were crossed and advanced to F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 populations using bi-parental mating design. The six generations were evaluated in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Significant test of the mean performances among the entries showed significant differences among the generations for the characters studied. Wide ranges of narrow sense heritability (18 to 79%), broad sense heritability (21 to 92%) and genetic advance (5.7 to 24.1%) were obtained for characters studied. Broad and narrow sense heritability as well as genetic advance was moderate to high for most of the characters studied such as days to 50% flowering, plant height, days to pod maturity, number of seeds per pod, number of pods per plant, hundred seed weight, root length and grain yield for the three sets of cowpea crosses. The results also revealed the possibility of exploitation for grain yield and drought tolerance in the crosses studied.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes for Yield and Drought Tolerance under Rain Fed and Irrigated Conditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
R. Divya Madhuri ◽  
V. Jayalakshmi ◽  
M. Shanthi Priya
Keyword(s):  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Major Constraint ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
The Mean

In Southern India, drought stress is a major constraint to chickpea production and yield stability. Drought tolerant index (DTI) that provides a measure of drought based on yield loss under drought condition in comparison to normal condition was used for screening drought-tolerant genotypes. This study was conducted to determine drought tolerant genotypes with high yield in stress and non-stress conditions utilising physiological traits. Thirty chickpea genotypes were tested in a randomized complete block design with three replications under rain fed and irrigated conditions at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Nandyal, Andhra Pradesh, India during rabi, 2018-2019. The analysis of variance carried out for yield and drought tolerant traits revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all characters under rain fed as well as irrigated conditions. NBeG 776, NBeG 779, NBeG 868, ICCV 181606, MH 13 and MH 14 are drought tolerant. NBeG 776, NBeG 779 and NBeG 868 are suitable under both rain fed and irrigated conditions with significantly higher yields over their respective means. ICCV 181606, MH 13 and MH 14 are suitable exclusively for rain fed condition with significantly superior yields over the mean.

scholarly journals Genetic variability and yield components of yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata var. sesquipedalis L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-122
Author(s):  
Zakia Sultana ◽  
Nahid Ahmed ◽  
Mohammad Saiful Islam ◽  
Abdur Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Pod Number

Yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata var. sesquipedalis L.) is one of the important leguminous vegetables in Bangladesh. However, yield of this vegetable is much lower in Bangladesh compared to other yard long beangrowing countries. Therefore, it is crucial to improve the yield of this vegetable. In the present study, genetic variability, heritability, character association and genetic diversity were evaluated on randomized complete block design with three replications among seven-yard-long bean genotypes. The genotypes were significantly variable for the studied characters. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was observed in number of pods per plant and pod yield per plant. Accordingly, high heritability together with high genetic advance in percent of mean was observed in number of pod per plant, pod diameter and hundred seed weight. The correlation studies revealed that pod yield per plant showed significant positive correlation with number of seed per pod, number of pods per plant while significantly negative correlation with days to marketable harvest at both genotypic and phenotypic level. Path analysis revealed days to first flowering, days to maturity, number of pods per plant, pod weight and number of seeds per pod had direct positive effect on pod yield per plant. The studied genotypes were clustered into 3 groups with highest of inter-cluster distance between cluster I and III while lowest between cluster II and III. The genotypes of cluster I exhibited higher mean performance while lower in cluster III for important traits including pod yield per plant.

scholarly journals Diversity and genetic parameter of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) based on yield component in three location

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Wahono Dyah Ayu Sayekti ◽  
MUHAMAD SYUKUR ◽  
SRI HENDRASTUTI HIDAYAT ◽  
AWANG MAHARIJAYA
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Gxe Interactions ◽  
Elite Breeding Lines

Abstract. Sayekti TWDA, Syukur M, Hidayat SH, Maharijaya A. 2021. Diversity and genetic parameter of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) based on yield component in three locations. Biodiversitas 22: 823-829. With the increase in the use of chili, it is necessary to develop these commodities through plant breeding activities. Phenotypes are not only determined by genetics, but also by environmental factors and the GxE interactions, so all the factors need to be considered. The aims of this study were to evaluate the variability of ten elite breeding lines and three commercial varieties of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) across three different environments. This experiment was conducted in three environments namely Bogor, Kolaka, and Palembang, from January until July 2019. Thirteen genotypes consisting of ten elite lines and three commercial chili pepper were used. This experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications for each environment. To determine the effect of environment, Combined Analysis of Variance was carried out for all environments using PBSTAT-GE. The environment used in this experiment was lowland that varies between each other. The genotype with the fastest harvesting age relative in three environments was F7-145293-19-8-3-113-1. The highest number of fruits per plant was observed in genotype F9-160291-9-4-3-2-1-1-1 with 261 fruits per plant. The highest yield was observed in genotype F7-145174-9-7-1-5-3. From the clustering analysis, this population was grouped into five clusters. The heritability values for the 12 observed traits ranged between 22.68-69.97%, classified into high and moderate criteria.

scholarly journals Morphological Diversity of Farmers’ and Improved Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Cultivars Growing in Eritrea

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biniam M. Ghebreslassie ◽  
S. M. Githiri ◽  
Tadesse M. ◽  
Remmy W. Kasili
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Pca Analysis ◽  
Morphological Descriptors ◽  
Tuber Production ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
High Yields

<p>Farmers’ and improved potato (<em>Solanum tuberosum </em>L.) cultivars growing in Eritrea are main sources of food and income to many growers. The current study was proposed to characterize 17 farmers’ and 4 imported cultivars of potato using 33 morphological descriptors. Planting was done in two geographically distinct locations, HAC and Asmara, Eritrea. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications having 18 plants per plot. Plants grown at HAC emerged early (24.52 days) and reach maturity (94.84 days) while at Asmara it took 43.77 and 123.59 days, respectively. However, yield was higher in Asmara (0.49 kg/plant) compared to HAC (0.37 kg/plant). An accession having many and longer stems was associated with more tuber production, but inversely related to yield. Similarly, accessions with higher stem thickness and tuber size were associated with high yields. The PCA analysis indicated that the first four components explained about 85% of the total variability among the studied materials. The PCA clustered the materials in to four main groups (GI, GII, GIII, GIV) mainly explained by flowering patterns and yield related descriptors. The work has provided useful information on morphological characteristics of the farmer’s potato to avoid duplication of resources and identify promising materials for future breeding program.</p>

scholarly journals Heterodera glycine race 2 and the yield of common bean in Puerto Rico.

1969 ◽  
Vol 86 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
James R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Race 2 ◽  
Pod Number

Heterodera glycines, a destructive pathogen of soybean (Glycine max L. Merc), was recently discovered in Puerto Rico. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) can also be a host for H. glycines, but there are no reports of the effect of H. glycines on seed yield of bean. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the Puerto Rico race-2 population of H. glycines on yield components of common bean. Three resistant and three non-resistant bean lines were exposed to three infestation densities (0, 4,000, and 8,000 eggs and juveniles per pot) of H. glycines race 2, A factorial arrangement of lines and infestation densities was used in a randomized complete block design with six replications in a greenhouse in Isabela, Puerto Rico, in 2000. Data for seed number, pod number, and seed yield per plant were collected. H. glycines had no effect on any yietd component. Observed differences in yield components were due to genotypic factors unrelated to H. glycines. Initial conclusions indicate that H. glycines will not affect yield of common bean in Puerto Rico. Follow-up studies of common bean and H. glycines, using course-textured sous, are recommended.

scholarly journals Enhancing Peanut Productivity through Application Of Irradiated κ- Carrageenan

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 6977-6981
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Cercospora Leaf Spot ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Field Verification ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Additional Income

On-field verification trials were conducted to determine the effect of various rates of Olio-carrageenan (PGP) on Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) and rust and yield of peanut varieties specifically, BPI Pn9 and Farmer’s variety. The statistical design of the field trial was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replicates per treatment per experiment. The CLS and rust infections were significantly reduced with the application of 150ppm PGP by 15.2% and 36.2%, respectively. The BPI Pn 9 peanut variety applied with PGP consistently and significantly had higher pod yield up to 2.14 t/ha and seed yield of 1.63 t/ha with a corresponding 37.6% and 34.5% increase, respectively. At least Php45,771 per hectare additional income was realized from the application of PGP with a maximum MBCR of 12.3%. For Farmer’s peanut variety, significant increase of 23.6% on pod yield and 36.5% on seed yield were obtained resulting to an additional income of Php 18,400/ha up to 37,800/ha with an MBCR of 21.81%

scholarly journals Yield and Disease Responses of Improved Groundnut Genotypes Under Natural Disease Infection in Northern Uganda: Implication for Groundnut Disease Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Alfred Kumakech ◽  
Godfrey A. Otim ◽  
Tonny Opio ◽  
Alfred Komakech ◽  
Laban F. Turyagyenda
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Northern Uganda ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Late Leaf Spot ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Genotype Interaction

Groundnut production in Uganda is constrained by groundnut rosette disease (GRD), the main cause of yield loss experienced by farmers. We conducted the current study to assess the responses of improved groundnuts to diseases (rosette and late leaf spot) and yield under local conditions. Four released groundnut genotypes (Serenut 5R, Serenut 8R, Serenut 9T and Serenut 14R) were evaluated in four locations in northern Uganda for two seasons in 2019. We established the experiment following randomised complete block design with three replications. GRD severity (harvest) and late leaf spot (LLS) severity (harvest) on the four genotypes were not significantly (P &gt; 0.05) different but positively correlated with the Area Under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC). Genotype-by-location interaction for LLS AUDPC, GRD AUDPC and dry pod yield were significant (P &lt; .001). Season-by-genotype interaction was not significant (P = 0.367). Days to 50% flowering were also not significant (P &gt; 0.05). Highest and lowest yields were recorded for Serenut 9T in the Omoro district (1,291 kg/acre) and the Amuru district (609 kg/acre), respectively. Dry pod yield was significantly (P &lt; 0.001) negatively correlated with GRD severity and GRD AUDPC. Yield performance of the four genotypes was not significantly (P &lt; 0.05) different in the districts, except for Kitgum, where yields of Serenut 9T and Serenut 8R were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) higher. These genotypes could be used to manage GRD by smallholder farmers in Northern Uganda. Special consideration should therefore be given to these four groundnut genotypes for GRD management in the Acholi sub-region.

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Dua Belas Genotipe Kacang Hijau pada Beberapa Dosis Pupuk Kandang Sapi di Lahan Ultisol

Akta Agrosia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Andria Andria ◽  
Catur Herison ◽  
Sigit Sudjatmiko ◽  
Nurwita Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Mung Bean ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Marginal Land ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Pod Number ◽  
Plot Design

One major problem of low mungbean production in Indonesia is the lack of high yielding varieties for marginal land. A study was done with an objective to compare growth and yield of twelve mung bean genotypes on ultisol fertilized with several doses of cow manure. Twelve mung bean genotypes were grown in a field under a randomized complete block design arranged in a Split Plot Design with 3 replications. The Main Plots were four doses of cow manure, i.e. 0, 3, 6 or 9 ton.ha-1 and the Sub-Plots were twelve mungbean genotypes, i.e. VR 3, VR 61, VR 88, VR 200, VR 204 K, VR 213 K, VR 266 ct, VR 341, VR 368, VR 601 m, VR 222 Walet and VR 1074 Vinna-1. The result showed that the interaction between cow manure doses and mungbean genotypes was only occured on number of leaf. Genotype VR 61 demonstrated the highest plant stature, the greatest pod number, the heafiest pod and seeds per plant. Increasing dose of cow manure until 9 tons.ha-1did not reach the optimum level for the growth and yield of mungbean genotypes yet, except on the number of leaf variable on genotype VR 3, VR 88, VR 200, VR 266 ct and VR 601.

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