Inhibitory Potential of Acroptilon repens against Key Enzymes involved in Alzheimer and Diabetes, Phytochemical Profile,
Radical Scavenging, and Antibacterial Activity

Background: The essential oil from the Acantholimon genus have been an integral part of the traditional food additive in Middle East. Most of the plants in Acantholimon genus have not been studied scientifically. The aim of this study is to investigate the chemical composition, antibacterial, insecticidal and anti-oxidant activities of three Acantholimon species including Acantholimon atropatanum, A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium. Method: The essential oils of the aerial parts were extracted by hydrodistillation. Chemical constitutions were identified by gas chromatography- mass spectroscopy technique, also their toxicities were assessed against the two important grain products pests, Oryzeaphilus mercator and Tribolium castaneum. Antibacterial activity was assessed against the three foodborne bacteria that include Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus based on the disc diffusion assay. Free-radical-scavenging property was identified based on 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Results: 2-hexahydrofarnesyl acetone was the main compound in A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium, whilst farnesyl acetone, heptacosane and germacrene D were the principal components of A. atropatanum essential oil. These oils exhibited 40-90% mortality of O. mercator and/or T. castaneum at a dose of 12 μl/l air after 48h of exposure, and exhibited significant free-radicalscavenging property (RC50 = 3.7 × 10-3 - 8.3 × 10-3 mg/ml). The oils of A. tragacanthium and A. gilliatii showed a weaker antibacterial activity compared to A. atropatanum. Conclusion: A. atropatanum, A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium essential oils had significant insecticidal and anti-oxidant properties. They also showed week to moderate antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of antioxidant enzyme content, phenolic content, and antibacterial activity of Commiphora gileadensis grown in Saudi Arabia

Main Group Chemistry ◽

10.3233/mgc-200969 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 329-343

Author(s):

Yaaser Q. Almulaiky ◽

Ammar AL-Farga

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Oral Hygiene ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Reference Drug ◽

Wide Range ◽

Peel Extract

Commiphora gileadensis is commonly used in Saudi Arabia for oral hygiene. A lack of data about its biological activity encouraged us to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of its leaf and stem extracts. Ethanol, methanol, acetone and deionized water were tested as extraction solvents. 80% methanol gave the highest extracted concentrations of phenolic and flavonoid substances. The leaf and stem extracts were respectively evaluated for their radical scavenging activity with DPPH (EC50 = 3.39, and 1.06), ABTS (EC50 = 0.690, and 0.55), and peroxide scavenging activity (EC50 = 2.43, and 1.28). GC-MS identified a wide range of compounds that may be responsible for these activities of the results observed. The highest levels of chlorophyll, carotenoids, and lycopene were found in the leaf extract while level of proanthocyanidins was found in the stem peels extract. The peroxidase and catalase activities of stem peel extract were higher than those of the leaf extract. The findings showed that the leaf and stem peel extracts of C. gileadensis exhibited significant antibacterial activity against the test organisms. The minimum inhibitory concentrations for the plant extracts were compared with the standard reference drug Augmentin but the time–kill curves for the C. gileadensis extracts showed that they were less effective than Augmentin. Moreover, the stem peel extract exhibited stronger antibacterial activity than the leaf extract. In conclusion, C. gileadensis can be an important source of natural antioxidants, used as a healthy chewing stick for teeth brushing and oral hygiene purposes.

Download Full-text

Free radical scavenging capacity, antibacterial activity and essential oil composition of turmeric (Curcuma domestica) varieties grown in Ethiopia

Heliyon ◽

10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06239 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. e06239

Author(s):

Belay Haile Kebede ◽

Sirawdink Fikreyesus Forsido ◽

Yetenayet B. Tola ◽

Tessema Astatkie

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Free Radical ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Essential Oil Composition ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽

Scavenging Capacity

Download Full-text

Emphasized Mechanistic Antimicrobial Study of Biofunctionalized Silver Nanoparticles on Model Proteus mirabilis

Journal of Drug Delivery ◽

10.1155/2018/3850139 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Asra Parveen ◽

Manjunath S. Yalagatti ◽

Venkataraman Abbaraju ◽

Raghunandan Deshpande

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Proteus Mirabilis ◽

Reducing Sugars ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Human Pathogens ◽

Antimicrobial Study ◽

Synthetic Procedure ◽

Dpph Method ◽

The Stability

Antimicrobial study of biofunctionalized silver nanoparticles has been done with the emphasis on its mechanism on both gram positive and negative bacteria. The biofunctionalized silver nanoparticles are employed considering their importance in green chemistry with respect to easy synthesis, usefulness, and economic synthetic procedure involved. The stability of these nanoparticles was determined by zeta potential analyzer. The probable mechanism of antibacterial activity was performed on Proteus mirabilis by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDAX) study which does not show the presence of silver. The free radicals generated by silver nanoparticles were responsible for lethal antibacterial activity by rupturing the cell surface which causes improper nutrient and signal supply. Free radical scavenging efficacy of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. AgNP enhanced the membrane leakage of reducing sugars by destroying the proteins existing on the cell wall. These nanoparticles are found to be toxic against human pathogens and are highly effective on Staphylococcus aureus. The effect of silver nanoparticles is concentration dependent and independent of the type of strains used.

Download Full-text

Phytochemical Screening, Polyphenols Content, Antioxidant Power, and Antibacterial Activity of Herniaria hirsuta from Morocco

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2018/7470384 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kenza Ammor ◽

Dalila Bousta ◽

Sanae Jennan ◽

Bahia Bennani ◽

Abdellah Chaqroune ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Hydroethanolic Extract

The aim of this study is to investigate in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts for aerial parts of Herniaria hirsuta. Extracts were screened for their possible antioxidant activities by three tests: DPPH free radical-scavenging, reducing power, and molybdenum systems. The screening of antibacterial activity of extracts was individually evaluated against sixteen bacteria species using a disc diffusion method. Flavonoids, total phenols, and tannins content were performed for both extracts. It shows higher content in the hydroethanolic extract. The hydroethanolic extract showed a significant antioxidant activity for the three methods studies to the aqueous extract, but nonsignificant results compared to the reference (BHT). However, both extracts have negative effect on the strains studies for the antibacterial activity.

Download Full-text

Synthesis of antioxidative anthraquinones as potential anticancer agents

BIBECHANA ◽

10.3126/bibechana.v18i2.31234 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 143-153

Author(s):

Richa K. Gupta ◽

Ganesh M. S. Thakuri ◽

Gan B Bajracharya ◽

Ram Narayan Jha

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Anticancer Agents ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Dpph Radical ◽

Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽

Scavenging Capacity ◽

Dpph Radical Scavenging

Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of natural anthraquinones namely chrysophanol (1) and emodin (2), and synthesized anthraquinones viz. 2-methylanthraquinone (3), anthraquinone (4), 2-bromoanthraquinone (5), rubiadin (6), chrysophanol diacetate (7), rubiadin diacetate (8) and 1,8-dimethoxy-3-methylanthraquinone (9) were investigated. Anthraquinones 9, 3, 6, 5 and 2 exhibited a high DPPH• radical scavenging capacity (IC50 = <500 μg/mL) showing their therapeutic potentiality for the treatment of cancers. These anthraquinones 1-9 have also displayed a weak to moderate antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis. Chrysophanol diacetate (7) including emodin (2) have been appeared as the valuable antibacterials. BIBECHANA 18 (2) (2021) 143-153

Download Full-text

Identifikasi Senyawa Metabolit Sekunder, Uji Antimikroba dan Antioksidan Ekstrak Akar Gantung Hornstedtia Scyphifera Var. Fusiformis Holttum (Sijangkang)

Jurnal Riset Kimia ◽

10.25077/jrk.v10i2.335 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 94-98

Author(s):

Adlis Santoni ◽

Mai Efdi ◽

Akmel Suhada

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Endemic Plant ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Hexane Extracts

Hornstedtia scyphifera var. fusiformis Holttum is endemic plant of Zingiberaceae family that distributed in Sumatera. Hornstedtia scyphifera var. fusiformis Holttum contained some secondary metabolite such as phenolic, saponin, triterpenoid and alkaloid. The biological activity of methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts from Hornstedtia scyphifera var. fusiformis Holttum suspended roots was tested for antibacterial and antioxydant activity. Antioxidant activity was analized by DPPH method. The antibacterial activity was tested by used disk difussion method againts Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (gram-positive bacteria) and Escherichia coli (gram-negative bacteria). Almost all of Hornstedtia scyphifera var. fusiformis Holttum suspended roots extract were given antibacterial activity, nonetheless the biggest inhibition zone of Escherichia coli that was inhibited by n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts which have inhibition zone 10 mm at concentration 500 mg/L and also againts Staphylococcus aureus, the biggest inhibition by ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts which have inhibition zone 10.30 mm at concentration 500 mg/L. Among all extracts tested, methanol extract of the possessed moderate free radical scavenging activity with IC50 = 51.89 mg/L.

Download Full-text

Bioactivity of extracts of Centaurea polyclada dc. (Asteraceae)

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs0903447g ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 61 (3) ◽

pp. 447-452 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Melanie Granger ◽

Emilie Samson ◽

Severine Sauvage ◽

Anisha Majumdar ◽

Poonam Nigam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Free Radical ◽

Solid Phase Extraction ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Phase Extraction ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay

The free radical-scavenging property, antibacterial activity, and brine shrimp toxicity of n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), and methanol (MeOH) extracts of Centaurea polyclada, an endemic Turkish species, were assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, the resazurin microtiter plate-based assay, and the brine shrimp lethality assay, respectively. The DCM and MeOH extracts of C. polyclada exhibited free radical-scavenging ability with RC50 values 1.17 and 0.015 mg/mL, respectively. Among solid-phase extraction fractions of the MeOH extract, the fraction eluted with 60% MeOH in water demonstrated the highest level of free radical-scavenging activity (RC50 = 0.016 mg/mL). Only the DCM extract showed considerable antibacterial activity against all nine test strains except Escherichia coli, with MIC ranging from 1.25 to 2.50 mg/mL. This antibacterial activity pattern was also observed with solid-phase extraction fractions of the DCM extract with varied potencies. None of the extracts showed any significant toxicity towards brine shrimps (LD50 = >1.00 mg/mL).

Download Full-text

EXPLORATION OF THE ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTICANCER POTENTIAL OF THE SEED COAT EXTRACT OF MUNGBEAN (VIGNA RADIATA L. WILCZEK)

PLANT ARCHIVES ◽

10.51470/plantarchives.2021.v21.no1.222 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nikhil Mehta ◽

Priyanka Rao ◽

Raman Saini

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Seed Coat ◽

Vigna Radiata ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Lung Cancer Cell Line ◽

Food Sources ◽

Human Lung Cancer ◽

Assay Method ◽

Antioxidant Power

Plant derived products are not just the part of our food but also it contains many phytochemicals that possess many medicinal properties to tackle various ailments. Studies on the phytochemicals in the food sources might lead to the discovery of more safe and reliable drugs. So keeping it in mind, present study aims on exploring the potential antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer potential of the seed coat extract of Vigna radiata. Seeds being very rich source of easily digestible proteins are part of vegetarian diet. Preliminary study on phytochemicals showed the significant differences in the composition of the seed coats and seeds without seed coat. Methanolic extract of seed coat showed good antibacterial activity against both Gram positive and negative bacteria with zones of inhibition ranging from 25-28.5 mm in diameter at concentration of 10 mg/ml. The extract also exhibited good antioxidant potential when tested with two different methods that are DPPH (2,2-diphényl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity and FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power Assay) method showing activity of 80% and 77% respectively at the concentration of 100 µg/ml. For anticancer activity checked by SRB assay against the human lung cancer cell line HOP-62, the extract at the concentration of 80 µg/ml showed 65% cell growth inhibition activity. The work concludes that seeds must be consumed with seed coat which has medicinal values due to rich antioxidant, antibacterial activity and anticancer potential thereby it could act as raw source of drugs for treating various ailments.

Download Full-text

Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Slender Amaranth Weed

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582020380100006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. AKBAR ◽

I.N. SHERAZI ◽

M.S. IQBAL ◽

T. KHALIL ◽

H.M. WAQAS

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Pseudomonas Syringae ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Root Extract

ABSTRACT: In the present study, antibacterial and antioxidant [1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity] activities of a weed, slender amaranth (Amaranthus viridis L.) were investigated. Extracts of different plant parts were prepared in n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate. Antibacterial activity was measured by using 100 mg mL-1 concentration extracts against 4 deadly phytopathogenic bacterial species viz. Pseudomonas syringae Van Hall, Ralstonia solanacearum Smith, Erwinia carotovora (Jones), Holland and Xanthomonas axonopodis Hasse. In antioxidants assays, 10, 20 and 30 mg mL-1 extracts were used keeping DPPH as control. In these bioassays, ethyl acetate fraction of A. viridis leaf exhibited the best antibacterial and antioxidants activity. Ethyl acetate leaf fraction showed the highest inhibition zone diameter (IZD) where it caused 21 mm IZD against P. syringae and 19 mm IZD against E. carotovora. This extract also showed 22, 52 and 84% antioxidant activity at 10, 20 and 30 mg mL-1 concentrations, respectively. Previously there is no report available that describes antibacterial activity of root extract of A. viridis against P. syringae. Moreover, antioxidant activity of stem and root extracts in n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate was investigated first time in the world. It was concluded that the biological activities observed during the present investigation may be due to the presence of bioactive constituents that can be harnessed as natural antibacterials and antioxidants.

Download Full-text