scholarly journals ANALISIS KEPEMIMPINAN NON MUSLIM MENURUT FIQIH DAN HUKUM TATA NEGARA DI INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Siti Qoniah ◽  
Ashif Az Zafi
Keyword(s):  
Community Life ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Differences Of Opinion ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Important Position ◽  
Islamic View ◽  
Current Reality

Abstract: The leader is the most important figure in a sphere of community life, both small and broad, the progress of a sphere of society depends on how the leader in bringing the country, whether it is more advanced, prosperous or vice versa. Therefore, it is the responsibility of all of us as a citizen to be selective in choosing a leader. Islam as a religion of revelation for Muslims and make it as a guide in carrying out their lives, including in political matters, namely becoming a leader. The leader has an important position in Islam. In the Islamic view of non-Muslim leaders, there are differences of opinion of the scholars about the legitimate or non-Islamic leaders in the Islamic perspective. The difference in opinion is due to the perception in understanding the verses about saints or awliya 'mentioned in the Qur'an Moreover, the current reality of the state of Indonesia is not an Islamic state, but a democratic state, which has a majority of its citizens, who are Muslim. In Indonesia, to become a leader in positive law and in the Constitution, there is no explanation which explains that the requirements to be a leader in Indonesia must be religious and prohibit non-Muslim religion. the opening of the 1945 Constitution only explained that in Indonesia there was no difference between ethnicity, religion, language, culture, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a deeper study in understanding it so that there is no misunderstanding among the people.Keywords: Leaders; Indonesia; Islam; Non-Muslims; Constitution

scholarly journals CRITICAL STUDY OF OPTIMIZATION OF ISLAMIC CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IMPLEMENTATION TO ACHIEVE COMPANY PERFORMANCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Reza Widhar Pahlevi
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Agency Problems ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Good Corporate Governance ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Operational Activities ◽  
Western Perspective

Guidelines for Good Corporate Governance an Islamic perspective have a broader context, do notseparate roles and responsibilities in all stakeholders actions under the auspices of Islamic sharia law.There are differences in concepts and perspectives between western perspective (Anglo Saxon andEuropean) Good Corporate Governanceand Islamic perspectives. The difference in the very basic pointof view that Good Corporate Governance is the Islamic perspective comes from tawhid, shari'ah, andthe concept of shura. Islamic Good Corporate Governance guidelines focus on the role of stakeholdersrelated to the company.The development of science that occurs in the perspective of Good Corporate Governance begins onthe basis of agency theory which states that there is a separation between ownership and managementthat has the potential to cause agency problems, ways to overcome agency problems through theimplementation of Good Corporate Governance. Implementation of guidelines for Good CorporateGovernance is an obligation for the company. This is more aimed at the existence of responsibility tothe public (public accountability) relating to the company's operational activities and it is expected thatthe company can comply with the provisions outlined in a positive law. In addition, this is related tothe level of compliance of sharia with sharia principles as described in the Qur'an, Hadith, and Ijma 'ofthe Ulama. Research related to Good Corporate Governance in the Islamic perspective with theachievement of company performance is expected to provide an overview of the Good CorporateGovernance framework that recognizes the rights of stakeholders as determined by law and encouragesactive cooperation between companies and stakeholders to create employee welfare, performance, andcorporate sustainability.

scholarly journals Wakaf Uang Dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam dan Hukum Positif di Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Syarif Hidayatullah
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Legitimate Business ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
The World ◽  
Differences Of Opinion ◽  
Important Position ◽  
Business Sectors

Abstract. Money occupies an important position in the activities of economic transactions in various countries in the world because it not only serves as a medium of exchange, but is already regarded as a thing despite the differences of opinion among jurists as a commodity that can be traded. The provisions of the endowment money held in Indonesia are regulated in Law No. 2004 regarding the Waqf 4l. Endowments money to basically encourage Islamic banks to be a Nazarite professionals. The bank as a surrogate recipient waqf property can be investing the money in legitimate business sectors that produce benefits. The bank itself as nazir entitled to a maximum of 10% of the remuneration, benefits.Keywords: Money Waqf, Islamic Law, Positive Law  Abstrak.Uang menempati posisi penting dalam kegiatan transaksi ekonomi di berbagai Negara di dunia karena tidak hanya berfungai sebagai alat tukar, tetapi sudah dianggap sebagai benda meskipun terjadi perbedaan pendapat di antara ulama fikih sebagai komoditi yang dapat diperdagangkan. Ketentuan tentang wakaf uang yang dilaksanakan di lndonesia yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 4l Tahun 2004 Tentang Wakaf. Wakaf uang pada dasarnya mendorong bank Syariah untuk menjadi nazir yang profesional. Pihak bank sebagai penerima titipan harta wakaf dapat menginvestasikan uang tersebut pada sektor-sektor usaha halal yang menghasilkan manfaat. Pihak bank sendiri sebagai nazir berhak mendapat imbalan maksimum 10% dari, keuntungan yang diperoleh.Kata Kunci: Wakaf Uang, Hukum Islam, Hukum Positif

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perbedaan Keterangan Saksi Jarimah Zina (Perpektif Hukum Positif dan Hukum Pidana Islam)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Islamu Haq
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Research Library ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Witness Testimony ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Differences Of Opinion ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Witness Statements

This study aims to examine the influence of witnesses' different opinion in adultery jarimah verification on suspect determination between positive law and Islamic criminal law perspectives.This research adapts library research (library research) conducted through reading, understanding books, theses,  dissertations, websites and other literature related to problems by content analysis and the comparative approach between positive law and Islamic criminal law. The results of this study indicates that in a positive law, different witness testimonies can release a suspect from a guilty charge especially if the crime of adultery is lone standing criminal  (Zelfstanding Delict). In the case of act of continuing (voortgezette handeling), differences in the testimony of witnesses does not make witness statements denied as long as the difference in witness testimony does not exceed the set limits. In Islamic Criminal Law, If there are differences in the statements of the four witnesses, all witnesses' opinions cannot be accepted unless the differences of opinion regarding time and place are not far apart. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh perbedaan pendapat saksi dalam pembuktian jarimah zina terhadap penetapan tersangka persfektif hukum positif dan hukum pidana Islam.  Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research), yaitu metode yang menggunakan riset kepustakaan baik melalui membaca, memahami buku-buku, tesis, disertasi, website maupun literatur lainnya yang sifatnya pustaka terkait dengan permasalahan dalam rangka memperoleh data, menggunakan analisis kontent (content analyzis ) dan metode komparasi antara hukum positif dan hukum pidana Islam. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam hukum positif perbedaan keterangan saksi  dapat membebaskan tersangka dari tuntutan bersalah, khususnya jika tindak pidana zina tersebut merupakan tindak pidana yang berdiri sendiri (Zelfstanding Delict). Berbeda jika tindak pidana zina merupakan perbuatan berlanjut (voortgezette handeling) perbedaan keterangan saksi tidak menjadikan keterangan saksi ditolak sepanjang perbedaan keterangan saksi tidak melewati batas yang telah ditetapkan. Dalam Hukum Pidana Islam Jika terjadi perbedaan keterangan pada keempat saksi, maka semua pendapat saksi tidak dapat diterima kecuali jika perbedaan pendapat mengenai waktu dan tempat tidak berjauhan.

Open access to scientific information: comparative study in DOAJ

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4/5) ◽  
pp. 364-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tereza Stoyanova Trencheva ◽  
Tania Yordanova Todorova
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Global Movement ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Important Position ◽  
The Moment

Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to provide a comparative retrospective analysis of Bulgarian, Turkish and Croatian Open Access (OA) journals added in Directory of Open Access journals (DOAJ) in the period 2002-2013. Design/methodology/approach – First of all, the study is focussed on brief review of definitions and descriptions of the OA as a global movement. In the study were analyzed the three main OA initiatives and was shown the difference between Golden Road and Green Road. Second of all, the authors used the comparative approach and made a comparative study of the OA journals in Bulgaria, Turkey and Croatia and present the evaluation results and findings. Findings – Qualitative and quantitative data for the study are collected by the DOAJ. The data are analyzed in terms of quantity and period, and the results are presented graphically and tabular and finally there are made major specific conclusions and recommendations. Originality/value – The paper shows that OA in the digital space has an important position in scientific research. There are many discussion issues related to the problems of OA, but overall study of OA to scientific information, and in particular comparative study of Bulgarian, Turkish and Croatian journals in the DOAJ does not exist at the moment.

scholarly journals Takzir sebagai Hukuman dalam Hukum Pidana Islam

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-272
Author(s):  
Usammah Usammah
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Legal System ◽  
National Level ◽  
Public Law ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Sharia Law ◽  
Interesting Part ◽  
Western Law

Memformalisasikan syariat Islam baik dalam ranah kehidupan bermasyarakat dan sosial, dalam bernegara dan berbangsa tidak jarang terjadi perdebatan, baik perdebatan sosial-politik maupun keagamaan. Perdebatan itu di samping menyangkut memahami ajaran agama dan hubungannya dengan negara-bangsa, juga dalam memahami sistem hukum yang ada dalam negera, lebih-lebih bahwa negera menganut sistem hukum positif yang lebih banyak dipengaruhi oleh hukum barat. Gagasan pemberlakuan hukum pidana Islam tidak serta merta dapat dijalankan dengan baik tanpa adanya legislasi dan pembentukan hukum pidana Islam materil sebagai hukum positif yang berlaku. Juga bahwa hukum pidana Islam adalah hukum publik yang membutuhkan kekuasaan negara baik dalam pembentukannya maupun dalam penegakannya. Dalam hubungannya dengan legislasi dan pembentukan hukum (qanun syariat Islam), maka hal yang sangat menarik adalah bagaimana menentukan bentuk jarimah dan uqubatnya baik yang termasuk dalam kategori hudud, qisas, dan takzir sebagai bagian dari sistem penegakan hukum syariat Islam. Takzir as a Punishment in Islamic Criminal Law The formalizing of Islamic Sharia Law both in the realm of social and community life and also in the state and national level. This issue is frequently debatable, both in socio-political as well as in religious matter. The debate is not only about understanding religious teachings and their relationship with the nation, but also about understanding the legal system applicable in the country, especially the country which apply a positive legal system that influenced by western law. The idea of enforcing Islamic Criminal Law cannot be carried out properly without the existence of legislation and the establishment of Islamic Criminal Law as a positive law that enforced. In addition, Islamic Criminal Law is a public law that requires state power both in its formation and in its enforcement. In relation to legislation and the formation of law (Qanun Sharia), the very interesting part is how to determine the form of rahmah and uqubat both are included in the hudud, qisas and takzir categories as part of the Islamic Sharia law enforcement system.

scholarly journals KONSENSUS KEBANGSAAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF PONDOK PESANTREN NGALAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Miftahul ◽  
Saifulah
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Coup D'etat ◽  
Interfaith Relations ◽  
Constituent Assembly ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Boarding House ◽  
The Difference

The country of Indonesia consists of various islands, tribes, arts and culture, languages ​​and different religions. The difference is a unity within the framework of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia based on the Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. However, there are some groups or groups who want and make efforts to change the basis of our beloved Indonesian State with the form of an Islamic State. The national consensus has become an important guide in maintaining the unity and integrity of the Indonesian nation in the course of history to date. Various incidents of betrayal in the form of rebellion, separatist movements, coup d'etat, even legal political struggles through the Constituent Assembly, were carried out by various community groups to change or replacing the consensus can be overcome. The results of this study indicate that: The boarding school does not make a distinction whether students live in a boarding house or not. They can learn from, interact with, and help one another and recognize the difference as reality. Kiai sholeh embodies the concept of interfaith relations with the formation of dialogue which he has held by holding a national seminar on interfaith harmony. The interpretation of the national seminar is the interaction of kiai sholeh with non-Muslims such as joint prayer, religious silaturrohmi, performing arts, live in 100 pastors, cooperation in education, cultural fusion, and social action of the nation's youth

scholarly journals The Difference States Make: Democracy, Identity, and the American City

2003 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
CLARISSA RILE HAYWARD
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
American City ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Identity And Difference

Most contemporary theorizing that addresses questions of democracy and difference is framed by broadly constructivist claims. Yet when it comes to thinking about democratic state intervention into social relations of difference, political theorists tend to stress reactive strategies, overlooking the role that democratic states play in helping shape and reinforce social definitions of difference. Exploring the case of the construction of racialized difference in the American city, the author makes the case that arguments for tolerating, for recognizing, and for deliberating across extant differences are insufficiently attentive to the role states play in making difference. Institutional efforts to deal with difference democratically should target the points at which it gets produced, aiming not simply to modify the effects of social definitions of identity and difference—but to democratize the processes through which these are defined and redefined.

KEBIJAKAN PENGAMPUNAN PAJAK DI INDONESIA: STUDI ANALISIS MASLAHAH MURSALAH

JURISDICTIE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Heru Purwono
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Tax Law ◽  
Tax Administration ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Tax Amnesty ◽  
Islamic View

The State of Indonesia is a State of Law, so in the case of the policy being made it must be based on the law. Fulfillment of the State’s treasury not using the concept of Islamic State such as zakat, but using taxes, whose legal basis is not derived from the Quran or Sunnah but based on the ijtihad scholars related tax law is based on the Qur’an and Sunnah. This journal study aims to find out how the policy of tax amnesty in indeneia is contrary to the constitution or not, and this writing will also describe how the Islamic view of tax forgiveness. This type of research is normative juridical and research approach is approach concept and approach of law. The results of this study indicate that tax forgiveness in Indonesia is not only for tax runners, but also for tax officials who are negligent in carrying out duties in taxes, tax amnesty is very useful to improve the tax system in Indonesia, tax administration and when viewed from the concept of Mashlahah (Islamic law), the forgiveness of taxes including Mashlahah Dharuriyah which can be useful for Hifzh al-Nafs (keeping soul), and Hifzh al-Mal (guarding the treasures) of all Indonesian people.<br />Negara Indonesia adalah Negara Hukum, maka dalam hal kebijakan yang dibuat harus berdasar pada hukum. Pemenuhan uang kas Negara bukan menggunakan konsep Negara Islam seperti zakat, tetapi menggunakan pajak, yang dasar hukumnya bukan berasal dari Quran atau Sunnah akan tetapi berdasarkan ijtihad para ulama terkait hukum pajak tersebut yang didasarkan pada Qur’an dan Sunnah. Penelitian jurnal ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana kebijakan pengampunan pajak di indonesia apakah bertentangan dengan konstitusi atau tidak, dan penulisan ini juga akan mengurai bagaimana pandangan Islam terhadap pengampunan pajak. Jenis penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dan pendekatan penelitiannya adalah pendekatan konsep (satute approach) dan pendekatan undang-undang (statute approach). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengampunan pajak di Indonesia bukan hanya untuk para pelari pajak saja, akan tetapi juga untuk petugas pajak yang lalai dalam menjalankan tugas dalam menarik pajak, amnesty pajak sangat bermanfaat untuk memperbaiki system perpajakan di Indonesia, administrasi perpajakan dan jika dilihat dari konsep Mashlahah (hukum Islam), pengampunan pajak termasuk Mashlahah Dharuriyah yang dapat berguna untuk Hifzh al-Nafs (menjaga jiwa), dan Hifzh al-Mal (menjaga harta) seluruh rakyat Indonesia.

Enhancement Technologies and the Person: An Islamic View

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahid Athar
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Reconstructive Surgery ◽  
Genetic Disease ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Biomedical Ethics ◽  
Ethnic Cleansing ◽  
Fine Line ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
Islamic View ◽  
Enhancement Technologies

Physically and intellectually, man is not the same as a million years ago. This “improvement” in humans has occurred over a period of time and not as a result of any outside biotechnical intervention. So, the question is what is the need now? The fine line between what can be done technically and what should be done morally is the reason for biomedical ethics. What is the nature of man, and what is his relationship with his creator and his environment? Whose interest (man, God, and environment) are we as scientists and physicians to guard? What are the rights of the unborn, and who protects those rights? While seeking medical treatment for infertility and reconstructive surgery for a malformation or genetic manipulation for a genetic disease might perhaps be appropriate and recommended, is it also appropriate to create a super healthy, super human with genetic manipulation? If so, then are we embarking on the path of ethnic cleansing of humans of lesser ability, and is it appropriate to discriminate? In this paper, such questions and concerns are discussed from an Islamic perspective.

Holy Spirit and Tradition

1957 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-398
Author(s):  
Gösta Hök
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Holy Spirit ◽  
Community Life ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Good And Evil ◽  
The Ideal

There are many idealists who have no conviction of sin. They are not immoral; indeed they are quite aware of the difference between good and evil, and in certain cases they are anxious to do what is good in their own lives, and in national and community life. They are conscious also of faults both in themselves and in their surroundings, and certainly do not think that everything is perfect. They lack, however, conviction of sin. They interpret the faults which they see as imperfections which are to be explained by the fact that the ideal or the good can be only partly achieved because of circumstances. They have no sense of guilt. Rather than speak of human sin, they speak of human frailty and of the recalcitrance which exists in human nature and which prevents more than the partial realisation of the ideal.

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