scholarly journals Durian variety (Durio zibethinus L.) in Kota Bahagia District, South Aceh, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Mardudi Mardudi ◽  
Eka Selviyanti ◽  
Adi Bejo Suwardi
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Field Observation ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Association Coefficient ◽  
Durio Zibethinus ◽  
Index Value

Durian (Durio zibethinus L.) is one of tropical fruit grown in Southeast Asia and known as King of the fruit. Durian (D. zibethinus) has many varieties with distinctive of morphological characters. The study aim is to explore the diversity of durian varieties in Kota Bahagia sub-district, Aceh, Indonesia. This study was carried out in October-December 2020 in five villages, namely Jambo Keupok, Alur Duamas, Seneubok Alur Buloh, Seneubok Keranji and Beutong. Data collection on the morphological characteristics of durian varieties was carried out through direct field observation of morphology. The data were tabulated and the similarity index was calculated. A total of 18 varieties of durian were found in 5 villages in Kota Bahagia sub-district, i.e. Jantung, Semut, Nanas, Kunyit, Bintang, Tamago, Labu, Bingen, Patai, Jelatang, Jerat, Ampo, Toba, Lilin, Kondo, Limeng, Langsat, dan Gadang Tampok. The highest similarity index value was found in Limeng (Lm) and Patai (Pa) varieties with an association coefficient value of 63.04, while the lowest values were found in Nanas (Na) and Semut (Se) varieties and Kondo (Ko) and Nanas (Na) varieties with an association coefficient of 15.21.

scholarly journals Identification and Cluster Analysis of Pitcher Plant (Nepenthes spp.) from South Sumatera Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-251
Author(s):  
Weni Lestari ◽  
Jumari Jumari ◽  
Rejeki Siti Ferniah
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Pitcher Plant ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

Nepenthes spp. is a typical plant of Southeast Asia especially Indonesia which has a special leaf modification called a pitcher. The largest number of Nepenthes spp. species in Indonesia is on the island of Sumatra. The purpose of this reseach was to identify and analyze cluster Nepenthes spp. from South Sumatra based on morphological characteristics. The specimens were collected from the forest of Tekorejo Village, Air Itam Village and cultivation location in Palembang city of South Sumatra. Identification of morphological characters performed on the characteristics of root, stem, leaves, and pitcher. The morphological data is used for cluster analysis using NTSYS software version 2.02. The identification results showed 9 variants of Nepenthes spp. which belong to the species N. mirabilis, N. gracilis, and N. sumatrana. Dendogram analysis results form two main clusters with a similarity value of 22%. The first cluster consists of N. mirabilis and N. sumatrana. The second cluster consists of N. gracilis. Based on the results of this study can be concluded that the species Nepenthes spp. South Sumatra is N. mirabilis, N. gracilis, and N. sumatrana. The results of this study will be dedicated to updating information about the existence of Nepenthes spp. from South Sumatra and his cluster.

The hybrid origin of Phai Liang, a bamboo of recent introduction into horticulture in Southeast Asia, and a new nothogenus, ×Thyrsocalamus (Bambuseae: Bambusinae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 362 (3) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
WEI LIM GOH ◽  
SARAWOOD SUNGKAEW ◽  
ATCHARA TEERAWATANANON ◽  
DIETER OHRNBERGER6 ◽  
NIANHE XIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Starch Synthase ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Recent Introduction ◽  
Dendrocalamus Membranaceus ◽  
Granule Bound Starch Synthase

Phai Liang, a recent bamboo cultivar originating in Thailand and widely introduced to many parts of Malaysia and Singapore, has yet to be diagnosed scientifically. In this study, the partial nuclear Granule Bound Starch Synthase I (GBSSI) gene of Phai Liang was cloned and sequenced to investigate its hybrid origin. Its morphological characteristics were compared with those of its putative parental taxa. Based on both molecular and morphological evidence, Phai Liang is recognized as representing a new nothogenus and nothospecies, ×Thyrsocalamus liang. This circumscribes a hybridization complex with variable morphological characters which reflect different degrees of intergradation between the parental species, Dendrocalamus membranaceus and Thyrsostachys siamensis.

scholarly journals Variations and Phenetic Analysis of Peanut Cultivars (Arachis hypogaea L.) Based on Morphological Characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Purnomo Purnomo ◽  
Nurul Khotimah
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Peanut Cultivars

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a food commodity that is widely cultivated in Indonesia. At present there has been no analysis of the relationship between peanut cultivars with phenetic methods based on the morphological properties of the plants. Four cultivars of Arachis hypogaea L. Tuban, Talam 1, Talam 2, and Talam 3 used in this research. Morphological characters data was analyzed by description to construct identification key. Similarity index was counted by Simple Matching Coefficient (SSm) formula based on morphological scoring. Cluster analysis was conducted by UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Methods using Arithmetic Averages) method to construct dendrogram. PCA (Principal Component Analysis) were performed to defined role of each morphological character in grouping of accessions with MVSP (Multivariate Statistical Program) v. 3.1 software.  The dendrogram showed that four cultivars of Arachis hypogaea L. divided into two main clusters, 4 sub-clusters. The similarity index of clusters is 0.85%.

scholarly journals Analysis of morphological characteristics and phenetic relationship of ebony (Diospyros spp.) in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ridesti Rindyastuti ◽  
Lia Hapsari ◽  
Anjar Tri Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Indonesian Archipelago ◽  
Biogeographical Distribution ◽  
Line Theory ◽  
Phenetic Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract. Rindyaastuti R, Hapsati L, Wibowo AT. 2021. Analysis of morphological characteristics and phenetic relationship of ebony (Diospyros spp.) in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2738-2753. Diospyros L. (Ebenaceae) is an economically important genus that covers over 500 plant species. Members of this group are known to produce hard, dark, high-quality timbers known as ebony trees, while other members are known as persimmon trees. There is limited information on the morphological characters and phenetic relationship of this genus from Indonesian archipelago. In this work, we reported the phenetic clustering of 14 species of Indonesian Diospyros, based on plant habit, stem, leaves, and fruit characters, which was analysed using UPGMA and Jaccard similarity index. The phenetic dendrogram divided the 14 species of Diospyros into two main clusters which separating Subgen. Maba and Eudiospyros. Further, subgen. Maba was clustered into a single cluster while subgen. Eudiospyros was divided into 3 sub-clusters as sister groups. The clustering in Eudiospyros was supported by low SI and bootstrap value, demonstrating the high morphological variation of the subgenus. The sectional separation of Diospyros spp. was considered as paraphyletic. In general, our phenetic clustering exhibited suitability and relevancy with previous classification. Fruit size and trichomes are very important in this phenetic clustering, especially to form Eudiospyros subgenus. Fruit trichomes were also special characters related to biogeographical distribution following the Wallace line theory.

scholarly journals Analisis Keragaman Plasma Nutfah Durian di Provinsi Bengkulu Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miswarti Miswarti ◽  
W. E. Putra ◽  
Dedi Sugandi
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Relationship Analysis ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Fruiting Stage ◽  
Close Relationship

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><div>Durian is a tropical fruit species that grows in Indonesia, including in Kalimantan and Sumatra. Durian has a distinctive flavor and aromatic with diverse morphological characteristics. The research was conducted from March to August 2015 in Central Bengkulu district, Rejang Lebong, and Lebong (Bengkulu Province). The aims of this research were to determine the morphological variability and relationship among the durian accessions based on the morphological characteristics. The method used was exploration and in situ observation. Twenty nine of durian genotypes with fruiting stage were collected and observed according to the standard criteria. Relationship among the genotypes was analysed using NTSYSpc 2.1 software. Based on relationship analysis of the 35 morphological characters, four genotypes were grouped by similarity of 59&amp;ndash;84%. The genotype that had a very close relationship were genotypes #27 and #33. The best performance genotype was D10.</div><div> </div><div> </div><div><strong>Abstrak</strong></div><div> </div><div>Durian merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman buah tropis yang banyak tumbuh di Indonesia, seperti Kalimantan dan Sumatra. Durian mempunyai rasa dan aroma yang khas serta bentuk morfologi yang beragam. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret sampai dengan Agustus 2015 di Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah, Rejang Lebong, dan Lebong (Provinsi Bengkulu). Tujuan penelitian ialah mengetahui tingkat keragaman dan potensi durian di Provinsi Bengkulu. Metode yang digunakan ialah jelajah dan observasi tanaman durian secara in situ. Sebanyak 29 genotipe tanaman durian yang telah berbuah digunakan sebagai sampel tanaman dan diamati sesuai kriteria standar yang telah ditetapkan. Analisis data kekerabatan dilakukan menggunakan program NTSyspc 2.1. Hasil analisis kekerabatan dari 35 karakter morfologis yang diamati (kualitatif dan kuantitatif) diperoleh kesimpulan (1) terdapat keragaman yang tinggi pada karakter tebal daging buah, kemerekahan kulit buah setelah panen, jumlah biji, kerapatan duri, bobot buah, bobot biji, dan bobot daging buah; (2) koefisien kemiripan sebesar 59&amp;ndash;84%. Genotipe yang mempunyai kekerabatan yang sangat dekat adalah genotipe 27 dan 33. Genotipe yang mempunyai penampilan terbaik ialah D10.</div><div><div> </div></div>

scholarly journals Analysis of Student Learning Experiences: Differences in Abilities and Perceptions towards Research Methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Marisa Agustina ◽  
Djufri Djufri ◽  
Cut Nurmaliah
Keyword(s):  
Similarity Index ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Dissimilarity Index ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Sida Rhombifolia ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Kinship Relation ◽  
Research Show

This study aimed to determine the kinship relationship of Malvaceae species based on morphological characteristics, this study uses a descriptive method that interprets the kinship of the species Malvaceae based on morphological characteristics. The object of the research is the species of Malvaceae namely hibiscus (Hibiscus archeri), waru (Hibiscus tiliaceus), rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa), pulutan (Urena lobata L.), ocra (Abelmoschus esculentus), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), sidaguri (Sida rhombifolia L.), kembang tidur (Malvaviscus penduliflorus), lanterns (Abutilon pictum). The parameters used are stem organs, leaves, and flowers. Data analysis was performed by calculating the Similarity Index (IS) and Dissimilarity Index (ID), the data in Cluster Analysis to group Malvaceae species based on the same number of characters. The results of the research show that the closest kinship relation owned by a combination of plants that has the lowest Dissimilarity Index (ID) value in the species of hibiscus (Hibiscus archeri) and kembang tidur (Malvaviscus penduliflorus). The conclusion of this study is there are three categories of relationships of the Malvaceae species, which are the closest kinship relation, close kinship relation, and the kinship relation are not close. The kinship relationship is remarkably close to the lowest Dissimilarity (ID) Index value indicated by the combination of hibiscus (Hibiscus archeri) and kembang tidur (Malvaviscus penduliflorus) with ID value = 25.

scholarly journals Identification of Dendrobium (Orchidaceae) in Liwa Botanical Garden Based on Leaf Morphological Characters

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 59423
Author(s):  
Mahfut Mahfut ◽  
Tundjung Tripeni Handayani ◽  
Sri Wahyuningsih ◽  
Sukimin Sukimin
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Phenetic Relationships ◽  
Leaf Arrangement ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Character Classification

Orchid is one of the most popular ornamental plants in the world. One of the orchid genera that is collected in a large number and known to have high morphological variations in the Liwa Botanical Garden is Dendrobium. However, to date, many Dendrobium collections have not been identified. Given the urgency of identification and the limitations of specimens in the field, especially flower organs, this study is important. This study aims to determine variations in morphological characters, phenetic relationships, and to identify Dendrobium collections based on leaf morphological characters in the Liwa Botanical Garden. Five accessions of Dendrobium were collected, namely CAT140, CAT 144, CAT 271, CAT 274, and IR015. Observation of 11 morphological characters leaves showed that leaf had high variations. The phenetic relationship based on the Gower similarity value and the UPGMA method shows that the Dendrobium in the Liwa Botanical Garden can be classified into 2 main groups formed with a similarity index value of 0.813. Based on Principle Component analysis values, it is known that the characters that have a large influence on grouping are the ratio of leaf length and width, leaf cross section, and leaf arrangement. The phenetic dendrogram topology is supported by the morphological character classification. The results of this study are expected to be basic information in the identification of natural orchids and conservation efforts in the Liwa Botanical Garden.

Inheritance of Some Morphological Characteristics of Parental Lines in Mustard-Rape Hybrid

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-30
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Hybrid Plant ◽  
Distant Hybridization ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Row Width ◽  
The Difference

Distant hybridization is known to play an important role in expanding the gene pool of any crop. It is believed that the combination of different genomes in one nucleus, as a rule, is accompanied by the phenomenon of “genomic shock”, resulting in a variety of genetic and epigenetic changes. This provides a wealth of material for the selection of genotypes adapted to different environmental conditions. Interspecific hybrids in different combinations were obtained in the genus Brassica, however, until now, interest in distant hybridization in this genus has not died out, since such important crops as rapeseed and mustard demand an improvement of many important agronomic traits. The aim of this work was to study the degree of manifestation of morphological characters of a leaf, flower, and plant as a whole in the hybrid obtained by crossing of brown mustard of the variety Slavyanka and a collection specimen of spring rape. Seeds were sown in the spring of 2019 in a field with 30 cm row width. During the flowering period a number of morphological characters of a flower, leaf, and the whole plant were analyzed. Each parameter was evaluated with 10 plants. The degree of dominance in first-generation hybrid was calculated by the formula of Beil, Atkins (1965). The dominance coefficients were not determined in the case when the difference between the parental samples was insignificant. Differences between parental samples were determined by Student t-test. The level of heterosis was calculated according to the formula of Rasul et al (2002). In a mustard-rapeseed hybrid, the size of the leaves of the lower row was inherited by the type of rapeseed, which had larger leaves than mustard. The height of the hybrid plant was inherited by the type of mustard (hp = 1.32, Ht = 4.89%), and intermediate inheritance was observed for the length of the internodes (hp = -0.48). The size of the flower petals and sepals was inherited by the type of rapeseed, and significant heterosis was observed for the length of the pistil (Ht = 33.57%). The data obtained are of interest for understanding the interaction of genes of different genomes in the genus Brassica.

scholarly journals Morphological characteristics of hair cuticle of clinically healthy domestic cats and dogs

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
O. P. Tymoshenko ◽  
◽  
O. S. Snopenko ◽  
G. A. Papeta ◽  
G. V. Vikulina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Zone ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Paint Layer ◽  
Hair Shaft ◽  
Glass Slide ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Animal Hair ◽  
Index Value

It is known that the typical for animals of different species the nature of the serrations of the free edges of the scales of the hair cuticle, the density of their location and proximity to each other can determine the species of animal hair samples. The aim of the study was to establish the value of the cuticular index in clinically healthy domestic cats and dogs. The area of the outer surface of the scales of the hair cuticle, or cuticular index, was determined in 20 clinically healthy domestic cats and 18 dogs. Examination of the cuticle was performed using prints on a colorless lacquer, which was applied to a glass slide, pressing the hair to the paint layer. The imprint was examined under a microscope (enlargement ×400) and the cuticular index value was established in the root zone, in the thickest part of the hair shaft, expressed in μM2. It was found that in domestic cats and dogs without clinical signs of any pathology, the values of the cuticular index are in the range of 80-170 and 100-210 μM2accordingly. The value of the cuticular index in domestic cats 60-70 μM2 and in dogs 60-90 μM2in 100 % accidents does not meet in healthy animals. The obtained results can be used as a control during diagnostic activities for numerous variants of internal pathology of domestic cats and dogs, as additional diagnostic tests.

scholarly journals Morphometry and Phylogeny of the Different Populations of Selaginella tamariscina (P. Beauv.) Spring and S. pulvinata (Hook. & Grev.) Maxim. in Northern Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Udon Pongkawong ◽  
◽  
Jatupol Kampuansai ◽  
Rossarin Pollawatn ◽  
Arunothai Jampeetong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Selaginella Tamariscina

Abstract “Dok Hin” is the Thai local name for Selaginella species that form rosettes. They commonly distributes in Siberia, Manchuria, southern China, Japan, the Philippines and Thailand. Morphology of Dok Hin is very resemble leading to misidentification. So, exactly number of species of Dok Hin in Thailand and their differences in morphological characteristics is not well understood. Thus, revision of morphological characters and phylogenetic confirmation of the taxonomic identification are needed. This study aims to examine morphological charateristics and phylogenetic patterns in eight populations of the Dok Hin in Northern Thailand. Morphology of Dok Hin from each populations was quantitatively examined using 15 vegetative and 6 reproductive characters meanwhile phylogenetic analyses was explored by DNA barcode ITS2. The results of the phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of two species of Dok Hin, S. tamariscina and S. pulvinata. Selaginella tamariscina can be distinguished from S. pulvinata by its presence of a pseudotrunk above ground and ridges of dorsal leaves. On the other hand, the results of phylogenetic analysis indicated the differences among populations of S. pulvinata as well. Chiang Mai populations of S. pulvinata was characterized by peculiar set of characters long leaves and leaf apices look like caudate, while the rest of their populations have shorter leaves and leaf apices look like aristate. It indicates that S. pulvinata has genetic and phenotypic divergence among populations. However, additional studies of Dok Hin populations in other parts of Thailand and studies on different genetic markers are necessary to confirm the taxonomic status of S. pulvinata. Keywords: Dok Hin, Morphometric, Phylogeny, Pseudotrunk, Resurrection plant

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