scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE;

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (06) ◽  
pp. 951-955
Author(s):  
SHAEEB MUSTAFA ◽  
SHABEER AHMAD WANI ◽  
ASIYA WALI
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Force Factor ◽  
Care Health ◽  
Study Setting

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance is a global problem and awareness of hospital staff to it is limited. Objective: Tostudy the awareness among hospital staff at a tertiary care health facility regarding knowledge of antimicrobial resistance. Study Design:It is a prospective observational study. Setting: Sheri Kashmir institute of medical sciences which is a tertiary care medical centre in Indianpart of Kashmir. Period: Study was done over 6 month period from January 2011 to june 2011. Materials and Methods: A study wasconducted in a tertiary care hospital among the hospital staff through a personal interview regarding their knowledge about antimicrobialresistance. Results: 86% of the hospital staff interviewed considered antimicrobial resistance is a significant national problem but only52% considered it a problem in their own hospital. Clinicians considered that antimicrobial resistance is a problem more than otherprofessionals. Majority of health professionals including clinician’s rating of the knowledge of awareness of antimicrobial resistance wasaverage or low. The most important force/factor to prescribe any antibiotic was patient’s condition, while clinician’s profit interest ishaving the least influence. Conclusions: This study concluded that the knowledge of awareness of antimicrobial resistance among healthcare professionals indicate that it is a national problem but far less a problem at their own hospital. The in-service education regardingantimicrobial resistance among the hospital staff was not up to the mark.

scholarly journals Root morphology of maxillary 1st premolar teeth in orthodontic extraction cases presenting in a tertiary care hospital: Taxilla Cantt.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 1013-1017
Author(s):  
Maimoona Siddiq ◽  
◽  
Junaid Shakeel ◽  
Bushra Naeem Khan ◽  
Syed Zuhair Mehdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Morphology ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Pakistani Population ◽  
Study Setting

Objective: To observe pattern and variation of root morphology of maxillary 1st premolar teeth in orthodontic extraction cases among local population. Study Design: Prospective Observational study. Setting: Dental College-HITEC Institute of Medical Sciences-Taxilla Cantt. Period: 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2019. Material & Methods: A total of 120 patients and 320 maxillary 1st premolars were studied clinically for gross root morphology after orthodontic tooth extraction, variation of gross root morphology was studied among extracted teeth, frequency distribution was observed on basis of gender and both quadrants in each patient, a critical analysis is also made about variation of root morphology among various populations across the world. Result: Out of 160 patients, 49 were males and 111 were females. 151 patients had bilateral similar root morphology, out of 320 clinically examined teeth 206 had two roots, and 123 teeth had fused root morphology, 83 teeth had two bifurcated (separate) roots while 114 teeth were single rooted. Conclusion: Maxillary 1st premolar is unique in terms of wide variation in root morphology which is evident among various population studies. Two roots with fused root morphology is most prevalent in Pakistani population.

scholarly journals Prescription pattern of antimicrobials in pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in a tertiary care hospital in Telangana, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Md. Amirunnisa Begum ◽  
B. Krishna Sowmya ◽  
D. Shailendra
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Pregnancy is a physiological condition during which immune system is weakened. Therefore, most women are prone to develop infections during this period for which antimicrobials are prescribed. Drugs used during pregnancy may lead to teratogenicity. Therefore, this study was done with the following objectives: 1.to determine the type of infections encountered, 2.to assess the prescription profile of antimicrobials and 3.to assess FDA categories of antimicrobials used in pregnant women in a tertiary care center in Telangana, India.Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted on pregnant women attending antenatal clinic (ANC) at Mediciti Institute of Medical Sciences (MIMS) from 1st January 2018 to 30th June 2018.Results: Out of a total of 165 cases enrolled, 57 (34.5%) cases were prescribed antimicrobials and 108 (65.5%) were treated symptomatically. The mean (SD) age of women who were prescribed antimicrobials was 22.9 (2.97) years. Of the conditions encountered, respiratory tract infections (RTIs) accounted for 31%, followed by urinary tract infections (UTIs) 26% and gastroenteritis 25%. Most prevalent infections which required antimicrobials prescription were UTIs (36.84%), followed by Gastroenteritis (17.54%). Majority of the antimicrobials prescribed were from Betalactams (40.34%), followed by Nitrofuranes (29.82%), Nitroimidazoles (17.54%) and Antifungals (8.77%). Antimicrobials prescription was more in the 3rd trimester (63.1%), followed by 2nd trimester (31.6%) and 1st trimester (5.3%). Majority of the antimicrobials were administered orally (75.44%), followed by injections (15.79%) and per vaginal route (8.77%). Antimicrobials were mostly prescribed from FDA Category B (96%).Conclusions: RTIs were the most common among the conditions encountered. However, UTIs were the leading cause for antimicrobial prescriptions. Antimicrobials prescription was more during 3rd trimester. Most antimicrobials prescribed were safe as they were from FDA Category B.

scholarly journals Relationship between trajectories of post-stroke disability and self-rated health (NeuroAdapt): protocol for a prospective observational study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e049944
Author(s):  
Sarah K Schäfer ◽  
Robert Fleischmann ◽  
Bettina von Sarnowski ◽  
Dominic Bläsing ◽  
Agnes Flöel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Modifying Factors ◽  
Study Results

IntroductionStroke is the leading neurological cause of adult long-term disability in Europe. Even though functional consequences directly related to neurological impairment are well studied, post-stroke trajectories of functional health according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health are poorly understood. Particularly, no study investigated the relationship between post-stroke trajectories of activities of daily living (ADL) and self-rated health (SRH). However, such knowledge is of major importance to identify patients at risk of unfavourable courses. This prospective observational study aims to investigate trajectories of ADL and SRH, and their modifying factors in the course of the first year after stroke.Methods and analysisThe study will consecutively enrol 300 patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital with acute ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA; Age, Blood Pressure, Clinical Features, Duration of symptoms, Diabetes score ≥3). Patient inclusion is planned from May 2021 to September 2022. All participants will complete an interview assessing ADL, SRH, mental health, views on ageing and resilience-related concepts. Participants will be interviewed face-to-face 1–5 days post-stroke/TIA in the hospital; and will be followed up after 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months via telephone. The 12-month follow-up will also include a neurological assessment. Primary endpoints are ADL operationalised by modified Rankin Scale scores and SRH. Secondary outcomes are further measures of ADL, functional health, physical activity, falls and fatigue. Views on ageing, social support, resilience-related concepts, affect, frailty, illness perceptions and loneliness will be examined as modifying factors. Analyses will investigate the bidirectional relationship between SRH and ADL using bivariate latent change score models.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the institutional review board of the University Medicine Greifswald (Ref. BB 237/20). The results will be disseminated through scientific publications, conferences and media. Moreover, study results and potential implications will be discussed with patient representatives.Trial registration numberNCT04704635.

scholarly journals A 6-year surveillance of antimicrobial resistance patterns ofAcinetobacter baumanniibacteremia isolates from a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia during 2005–2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 24039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnappa Lakshmana Gowda ◽  
Mohammed A. M. Marie ◽  
Yazeed A Al-Sheikh ◽  
James John ◽  
Sangeetha Gopalkrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Aetiological Outcome of Mesenteric Lymphadenopathy and Pain Abdomen in Paediatric Population at a Tertiary Care Hospital (MRIMSHyderabad) - A Hospital Based Prospective Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (29) ◽  
pp. 2601-2608
Author(s):  
Dileep Kumar Allagadda ◽  
Harikrishna Appana ◽  
Ramu Pedada ◽  
Deepika Gurram ◽  
Ditin Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Etiological Agent ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Mesenteric Lymphadenitis

BACKGROUND Abdominal pain is a common disorder in children and adolescents worldwide with prevalence rate ranging from 20 - 25 % in school-going children in India. It is a frustrating concern to the child, parents and the physician. Even though abdominal pain is one of the most common complaints in children, it poses a diagnostic challenge owing to the variety of underlying causes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the aetiology of abdominal pain associated with significant mesenteric lymphadenopathy in a paediatric population. METHODS This is a hospital based prospective, observational study done in Department of Paediatrics, Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences (MRIMS), Hyderabad. RESULTS Out of the 65 children studied, 30.8 % were of 5 - 8 years age group, 36.9 % were 9 - 12 years age group and 32.3 % were 13 - 15 years age group. In our study, we found 50.8 % were boys and 49.2 % were girls. 20 % of them were having fever, 16.9 % were having cough, 16.9 % were having diarrhoea, 13.8 % were having sore throat, 16.9 % dysuria, and 15.4 % were having constipation. All patients in our study group underwent ultrasound of abdomen. All cases were having significant mesenteric lymphadenopathy (more than 5 mm in short axis with three or more number of lymph nodes). In 53.8 % cases, etiological agent for the mesenteric lymphadenopathy was not proved with our investigations. In the remaining 46.2 % of children, cause of mesenteric lymphadenopathy was proved and 38.5 % were bacterial infections, 6.2 % were viral infections and 1.5 % were parasitic infections. CONCLUSIONS It is important to recognise mesenteric lymphadenitis as a clinical entity in paediatric cases presenting with abdominal pain. They should be evaluated for an etiological agent and if no proven source of infection and etiological agent is found, it can be considered as functional abdominal pain. If we are able to get a proper etiological diagnosis in these cases, we could treat them and we could make huge difference in terms of quality of life. KEYWORDS Abdominal Pain, Mesenteric Lymphadenitis, Ultrasound, Significant Mesenteric Lymphadenopathy

scholarly journals How Does Antimicrobial Resistance Increase Medical Costs in Community-Acquired Acute Pyelonephritis?

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. s23-s23
Author(s):  
Bongyoung Kim ◽  
Taul Cheong ◽  
Jungmo Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Acute Pyelonephritis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Medical Costs ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Causative Pathogen ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Log Linear

Background: The proportion of antimicrobial-resistant Enterobacterales that are causative pathogens for community-acquired acute pyelonephritis (CA-APN) has been increasing. We examined the effect of antimicrobial resistance on medical costs in CA-APN. Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary-care hospital in Korea between January 2018 to December 2019. All hospitalized patients aged ≥19 years who were diagnosed with CA-APN were recruited, and those with Enterobacterales as a causative pathogen were included. Comparisons between CA-APN caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)–producing pathogens (ESBL+ group) and those by non–ESBL-producing organisms (ESBL– group) as well as CA-APN caused by ciprofloxacin-resistant pathogens (CIP-R group) and those by ciprofloxacin-sensitive pathogens (CIP-S group) were performed. Log-linear regression was performed to determine the risk factors for medical costs. Results: In total, 241 patients were included in this study. Of these, 75 (31.1%) had an ESBL-producing pathogen and 87 (36.1%) had a ciprofloxacin-resistant pathogen. The overall medical costs were significantly higher in the ESBL+ group compared with the ESBL− group (US$3,730.18 vs US$3,119.32) P <0.001) as well as in CIP-R group compared with CIP-S group (3,730.18 USD vs. 3,119.32 USD, P =0.005). In addition, length of stay was longer in ESBL+ group compared with ESBL-group (11 vs. 8 days, P <0.001) as well as in CIP-R group compared with CIP-S group (11 vs. 8 days, P <0.001). There were no significant difference in the proportion of clinical failure between ESBL+ and ESBL- groups; CIP-R and CIP-S groups. Based on the log-linear regression model, the costs associated with ESBL-producing Enterobacterales as the causative pathogen would be, on average, 27% higher or US$1,211 higher than its counterpart (P = .026). By the same token, a patient who is a year older would incur US$23 higher cost (P = .040). Having any structural problem in urinary tract would incur US$1,231 higher cost (P = .015). A unit increase in Pitt score would incur US$767 USD higher cost (P < 0.001) higher cost, all other things constant. Conclusions: Medical costs for hospitalized patients with CA-APN are increased by the existence of ESBL-producing Enterobacterales but not by the existence of ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacterales.Funding: NoDisclosures: None

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