scholarly journals DENGUE FEVER

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Samina Badar ◽  
Seema Yasmeen ◽  
Wajahat Hussain ◽  
Mohammad Asim Amjad
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Daily Change ◽  
Water Disposal ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Objective: To assess the knowledge and practice of preventive measures againstdengue fever among medical students of Quaid-e-Azasm medical college and engineeringstudents of Islamia university, Bahawalpur. Design: Cross sectional descriptive study. Period:September 2012 to December 2012. Setting: Quaid-e-Azam Medial College and Engineeringwing of Islamia University Bahawalpur. Material and method: Sample size calculated for study8 by expecting prevalence of knowledge 78% in population of 1000 in each group with 5% marginof error and at 95% confidence interval was 263; by adding 10% response error sample became290 for each population. Individuals for study were selected by simple random sampling andinterviewed by using preformed questionnaire. Obtained data was analyzed by using SPSSversion 11. For categorization of knowledge and preventive practices against dengue fever intogood, satisfactory insufficient and poor scoring was done. Results: knowledge of protectivemeasures against dengue fever was found significantly better among medical than engineeringgroup (p<.000). Knowledge of personal protective measures against dengue fever wasadequate i.e. more than 90% in both groups had knowledge. Knowledge regardingenvironmental protective measures as screening and spraying of rooms was adequate i.e. >85%while this knowledge with regard to covering of collected water, disposal of broken bottles andtins, daily change of water in room cooler and space spray was 50% or less. However, knowledgeof biological control for mosquito breed with regard to use of snail was very poor i.e. 20% or less.As for as the practices of preventive measures were concerned both groups had no significantdifference which were very poor in all aspects except screening of rooms which was more than90%. Conclusions: There is dire need for improvement in both knowledge and practices ofpreventive measures against dengue fever among students and general population.

scholarly journals Hepatitis E Prevalence, Knowledge, and Practice of Preventive Measures Among Adolescents In Rural Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chioma Ngozichukwu Pauline Mbachu ◽  
Joy Chinelo Ebenebe ◽  
Henry Chima Okpara ◽  
John Onuora Chukwuka ◽  
Ikechukwu Innocent Mbachu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Rural Nigeria ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Level Of Significance

Abstract Background: There is a paucity of data on the knowledge and practice of preventive measures for Hepatitis E infection. Determination of knowledge and practice of preventive measures are necessary for informed health education for the prevention of Hepatitis E infection and other communicable diseases. The study evaluated the prevalence of Hepatitis E, knowledge, and practice of preventive measures for Hepatitis E virus infection among adolescents in rural Nigeria.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted over 3 months among rural Nigerian secondary school adolescents. An interviewer-based questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic profile, knowledge, and practice of preventive measures for Hepatitis E infection. Blood samples collected from participants were analysed for Hepatitis E IgG using Elisa Kits (Sigma Diagnostics, USA). Data were analysed using SPSS software version 20.0. Tests of association were done with a level of significance set at 5%. Results: A total of 9 out of the 414 participants tested positive for Hepatitis E IgG antibodies giving a prevalence of 2.2%. Significant factors for Hepatitis E infection were male gender {P =0.004} and school {P < 0.001}. Most participants (98.6%) had poor knowledge of Hepatitis E infection, 239(57.7%) had good preventive practices, while 175(42.3%) had average preventive practices. Conclusion: Male gender, school, and practice of preventive measures had a significant association with Hepatitis E infection.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practices about coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and its spread among pregnant females in rural West Bengal, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-481
Author(s):  
Sabyasachi Ray ◽  
Jagriti Pandey
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Pregnant Females

In view of the prevailing COVID-19 pandemic, people should have adequate knowledge about cause of the disease, mode of spread and the protective measures against it. Basic protective measures against the Coronavirus disease have been laid out by WHO for the public which are practicing hand hygiene, social distancing and wearing a mask. Good knowledge status when coupled with optimistic attitude will lead to effective practice of the protective measures.: This study will assess the knowledge, attitude and practices about Coronavirus disease among pregnant females of rural West Bengal. It will help in finding the limiting factors and assess the association between knowledge and attitude, practices of the respondents. It is a hospital based cross-sectional study carried out in antenatal out patient department from 18 October, 2020 to 5 December, 2020. 500 pregnant women were enrolled through simple random sampling after proper informed consent. Significant association between knowledge score and age group (p -0.0457) and literacy status (p -0.0105) was found. The mean COVID-19 knowledge score was 10.70 (SD:2.18, range :1-12) with an overall correct rate of 89.17% (10.70/12* 100). Significant practice of wearing a mask was 6.5625 [OR -6.5625(3.1603, 13.6385; p &#60;0.0001] times more in good knowledge score group. Practice of preventive measures reduces the chances of contacting the infection, thus reducing maternal mortality and morbidity. Practices of preventive measures can be further strengthened by improving the knowledge of the people thorough awareness at grassroot level.

scholarly journals Hepatitis e prevalence, knowledge, and practice of preventive measures among secondary school adolescents in rural Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chioma Ngozichukwu Pauline Mbachu ◽  
Joy Chinelo Ebenebe ◽  
Henry Chima Okpara ◽  
John Onuora Chukwuka ◽  
Ikechukwu Innocent Mbachu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Poor Knowledge ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Rural Nigeria ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Abstract Background Currently, there is a paucity of data on the knowledge and practice of preventive measures for Hepatitis E infection in Nigerian populations. This study provided data on the prevalence, knowledge and practices of prevention in an adolescent population from Nigeria. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted over 3 months among rural Nigerian secondary school adolescents. An interviewer-based questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic profile, knowledge, and practice of preventive measures for Hepatitis E infection. Blood samples collected from participants were analysed for Hepatitis E IgG using Elisa Kits (Sigma Diagnostics, USA). Data were analysed using SPSS software version 20.0. Tests of association were done with a level of significance set at 5%. Results A total of 9 out of the 414 participants tested positive for Hepatitis E IgG antibodies giving a prevalence of 2.2%. Significant factors for Hepatitis E infection were male gender {P = 0.004} and school {P < 0.001, however logistic regression gave infinite value. Most participants (98.6%) had poor knowledge of Hepatitis E infection, 239(57.7%) had good preventive practices, while 175(42.3%) had average preventive practices. Conclusion A low prevalence of HEV infection was recorded among study participants. There was poor knowledge of Hepatitis E, and association could not be established between HEV infection and individual preventive practices.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practice on dengue fever and its prevention and control measures in urban slums of South India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 3013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadervali Nagoor ◽  
Surendra Babu D. ◽  
Bayapa Reddy N. ◽  
Shakeer Kahn ◽  
Reddy Jawaharbasha Kalluri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Urban Slums ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control

Background: Dengue fever (DF) is a viral infection carried by Aedesaegypti. Dengue is one of the major public health concerns and an emergent disease and contributes annual outbreaks in India. The aims and objectives of the study were to know the levels of knowledge regarding causation and modes of transmission Dengue fever in urban slums of Chittoor and to know the levels of awareness and practices regarding the prevention and control measures against dengue fever.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was done in urban slums of Chittoor district in Andhra Pradesh. The data from the family members residing in 100 households of urban slums were randomly selected from the list and interviewed individually. Apart from education and occupation of the participants, information on knowledge about Dengue fever, preventive practices are taken. The results were shown in proportions, percentage and association of the knowledge attitude and practices with the different factors.Results: Over all 100 (males 57 and females 43) people were interviewed with the mean age of 34.5 years. Almost 68% of the individuals knew mosquito causes vector borne diseases irrespective of their educational status and majority of them were daily wagers. Amongst them more than 70% of them were using protective measures. Majority of them responded the probable breeding sites were plastic pots, muddy pots and vessels (38%). The most commonly using protective measures were mosquito repellants (33%) and coils (19%). More than 90% of the individual visit the hospital for health seeking.Conclusions: The awareness regarding dengue and mosquito control measures was satisfactory to an extent. Surveillance along with periodic health education to the community and proper training of health personnel is required.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Smokeless Tobacco Consumption among women of Rural Telangana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murali Lingala ◽  
Sneha Simon ◽  
Bhagath . ◽  
Kavitha .
Keyword(s):  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Second Hand Smoke ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Prevalence

Background: Tobacco kills approximately 1 million people annually in India and is responsible for almost half of all cancers in men and quarter of all cancers in women. Smokeless tobacco (SLT) is one such form that is culturally and socially acceptable by women especially in rural India. The study was aimed to estimate the prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption among women, prevalence of exposure to second hand smoke and to determine the factors associated with it.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was done among 190 women in the rural field practice area of department of community medicine of Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal during the period of October 2019 to December 2019. Data was collected using simple random sampling. A semi structured questionnaire was prepared with the help of global adult tobacco survey proforma. The data was analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 20.00.Results: Prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption was 57% and the most common form of tobacco being consumed was tobacco with pan (40.3%). The prevalence of exposure to second hand smoke at home was 61%. The most common reason for initiation was peer pressure. High prevalence of consumption of smokeless tobacco was seen in unemployed and illiterate women.Conclusions: The prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption is higher among women in this study and this indicates the lack of awareness and the need for better strategies to reduce the burden.

scholarly journals Preventive Practices of Tuberculosis Patients in a Municipality of Chitwan District, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Prerna Bansal ◽  
Dipendra Khatiwada ◽  
Hari Prasad Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Preventive Practices

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide and sixth leading cause of death in Nepal. Preventing new infections of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is crucial to reduce TB burden and death. The source of infection is an open (sputum positive) case of pulmonary tuberculosis. Poor management of TB-related waste like disposal of sputum by patients has been reported as a risk factor for increasing susceptibility to active TB infection. The present study was undertaken to assess preventive measures practiced by TB patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 82 tuberculosis patients who visited the five different DOTs centres of Bharatpur Municipality of Chitwan district, Nepal during December 2016 to February 2017. To find the association between variables, chi-square test was used. P-value less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.  Results: The Mean ± SD of age of patients was 37.02±18.90 years. 67.10% of the patients received health education on preventive measures. 59.8% of the respondents had good practice on prevention measures of TB. Only 3.70% used burning method for the sputum disposal after diagnosis of TB. None of the respondents used boiling method for the disposal of sputum. Among all only 6% practiced safe method of sputum disposal. The statistically significant variables with health education were preventive measures like self isolation (ᵪ2 = 7.54, p = 0.006), covering face while coughing and sneezing (ᵪ2 = 4.113, p = 0.043) and keeping surrounding clean (ᵪ2= 7.880, p = 0.005).  Conclusions: Patients and family members should be well educated on practicing different preventive measures by further strengthening the preventive measures strategy in the transmission of tuberculosis if we envisioned to end TB by 2035.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Practice towards Hygiene and Sanitation Amongst Residents of Dhankuta Municipality

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Ram Bilakshan Sah ◽  
S Bhattarai ◽  
D D Baral ◽  
P K Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Unsafe Water ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

Background: Poor hygiene practices and inadequate sanitary conditions play major roles in the increased burden of communicable diseases within developing countries. Objectives: To know knowledge and practice regarding hygiene and sanitation of households and to find out the hygienic practices with selected variables. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 30th April to 13th May 2012 in Dhankuta Municipality where 300 households were taken as subjects. Among 9 wards, 3 wards were randomly selected and equal number of households (100) from each ward was selected on the basis of simple random sampling. Semi-structured questionnaire was used and face to face interview was conducted. Chi-square test was applied to find out the hygienic practices with selected variables. Results: Most of respondents believed that hand washing reduces diseases (71.3%). They knew that diarrhoea is spread by dirty environment (55.7%) and drinking unsafe water (46.3%) and unhygienic food (43.3%). Majority of respondents (95.3%) washing hands with soap and water after defecation. Almost (30%) respondents used burning as a management of solid waste. The ladies were found to have better hygienic practices (92%) than gents (61.6%) and Brahmin/Chhetri (70%) were more hygienic than other ethnic groups.  Conclusion: The knowledge and practice on hygiene and sanitation among the households of Dhankuta municipality was found to be fair.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v12i1.11985         Health Renaissance 2014;12(1):44-48

scholarly journals Occupational Hepatitis B Exposure: A Peek into Indian Dental Students’ Knowledge, Opinion, and Preventive Practices

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Debashish Basak ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Pralhad Dasar ◽  
Prashant Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Teaching Institution ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Mandatory Vaccination ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Objective. To determine the level of knowledge, opinions, and preventive practices followed by dental students against Hepatitis B. The study also explored if any correlation existed between knowledge, opinion, and preventive practices score.Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a dental teaching institution. The subjects comprised 216 dental students. The study was conducted using a pretested, self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire was prepared to assess knowledge, opinion, and preventive practices against Hepatitis B. Kruskal-Wallis and Kendall Tau test were performed.Results. The study found that only 44.4% of the students were vaccinated with Hepatitis B vaccine. 59.3% of the students reported washing their hands after contact with patient’s body fluids. 63.9% used personal protective measures like facemask, aprons, head cap, eye shields, and so forth, while treating patients. Median knowledge, opinion, and practice scores were found to be 5.00, 3.00, and 3.00, respectively. Significant correlation was obtained between knowledge and preventive practices score (r=0.385,pvalue<0.0001).Conclusion. Effective measures need to be taken to improve preventive practices of the students to prevent them from risk of Hepatitis transmission. Mandatory vaccination against Hepatitis B needs to be implemented.

scholarly journals Factors influencing knowledge and practice on helping babies breathe among Skilled Birth Attendants in rural areas in Lake Zone in Tanzania

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia B Mzurikwao ◽  
Secilia K Ng’weshemi Kapalata ◽  
Alex Ibolinga Ernest
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Neonatal Resuscitation ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Helping Babies Breathe ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Labor Ward ◽  
Resuscitation Training ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

ABSTRACTBackgroundIt is estimated that 1 million babies die each year due to birth asphyxia. Globally, it is approximated that 10 million babies cannot do it by themselves and need assistance. Helping babies breathe is a key component in reducing neonatal mortality due to birth asphyxia.MethodsA cross-sectional design was used, A total of 330 respondents included in the study. Simple random sampling by lottery was used to select the 2 regions and health facilities. The participants were selected through convenient. Data were collected using standard semi-structured questionnaire. Chi-square and Binary logistic regression were used to analyse the data.ResultsOut of 330 participants, Those who working in hospital and were more likely to have adequate knowledge (AOR= 3.227, P< 0.001) and practice (AOR= 43.807, P<0.001) than those working in Health Centers; Enlored nurses were more likely to have adequate knowledge (AOR= 3.118,P<0.05) than AMO/MD;Those with 1 year and above of experience in labor ward were more likely to have adequate practice(AOR=15.418,P<0.001) than those with less than 1 year of experience in labor ward; those who attended once on neonatal resuscitation training were adequate knowledge (AOR=1.778,P<0.05) than those who had never attended. Those with Enough equipment of neonatal resuscitation had adequate practice (AOR=4.355, P<0.001) than with no enough equipment.ConclusionRegarding the findings of the current study, it was revealed that working facility, Professional/ qualification, and training was significant predictor of knowledge while working facility, experience, and equipment was significant predictor of practice. There is a need to find effective measures on how to reduce those factors which affect knowledge and practice on helping babies breathe.

scholarly journals Sleep disturbance and its effect on academic performance among students of a medical college of Tripura

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjan Datta ◽  
Kaushik Nag ◽  
Nabarun Karmakar ◽  
Tamal Chakrabarty ◽  
Kaushik Tripura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Disturbed Sleep ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Sleep deprivation may have grave health consequences; resulting in increasing disease morbidity and mortality. Sleep disturbance have also been affected academic performance of medical students. The objective of the study was to find out the prevalence of sleep disturbance and association between sleep disturbance and academic performance of medical students, if any.Methods: An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in the month of March 2018 among 203 medical students of Tripura Medical College and Dr. B.R.A.M. Teaching Hospital. Probability Proportionate to Sample Size (PPS) was used to determine the number of students required from each semester. Students selected by simple random sampling from each semester were interviewed by a pre-designed, pre-tested interview schedule designed based on Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Data was represented in percentages in tables, charts and Chi square test was applied. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Mean age of the medical student was 21.36±1.96 years. Present study showed, 57% students were complaining of disturbed sleep. Students who felt sleepy during daytime (72.4%) were struggling more during exam compared to students not feeling sleepy (51.7%), which was statistically significant. Study revealed, students who got average mark in last semester exam were most affected with disturbed sleep (66.3%) followed by students who got good marks (53.5%) and poor marks (50%).Conclusions: Prevalence of sleep disturbance was very high among medical students. Male students were much more affected compared to female students. Sleep disturbance has also affected academic performance of students.

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