scholarly journals Burden, types of diseases and outcome in LBW babies admitted at a Tertiary Care Hospital.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (03) ◽  
pp. 547-551
Author(s):  
Shahid Iqbal ◽  
Fazal Ur Rehman ◽  
Muhammad Haneef
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Hospital Study ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: LBW has long been labeled as one of the major risk factor for mortality as well as morbidity in neonates. South Asia is said to have highest number of LBWs which estimated to be 1 in 4 newborns that weigh < 2500 grams. This study was planned with an aim to note the burden, types of diseases and outcome in LBW newborns admitted at a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Descriptive analytical study. Setting: Included all neonates admitted to NICU of Sheikh khalifa Bin Zaid Al Nahyan Teaching Hospital, Rawlakot. Period: 1st July 2018 to 31st December 2018. Material & Methods: The prevalence of LBW amongst all admissions was calculated along with demographic features of all LBW babies like disease, reasons for the admission, duration of hospital stay along with outcome was noted on a predesigned proforma. Results: Out of total of 1410 admission in NICU during the study period, 512 (36.3%) were noted to be LBW. Amongst LBW babies, mean weight was 1.91 kg while 269 (52.5%) were male and 243 (47.5%) female. There were 364 (67.6%) babies born at full term. There were 82 (16.0%) with birth weight of less than 1.5 kg, 166 (32.4%) between 1.5 to 2 kg while 264 (51.6%) were above 2 kg. Amongst all LBW babies, mortality was reported in 185 (36.1%) while 112 (60.5%) died on the 1st day of admission. Respiratory distress syndrome (31.4%), sepsis (20.3%) and neonatal jaundice 58 (11.3%) were the commonest diseases seen. Highest mortality (56.1%) was seen in babies who had birth weight below 1.5 kg (p value = 0.001). Conclusion: LBW is a major cause of hospitalization and mortality. RDS and sepsis were the most frequent diseases noted in LBW babies. Immediate care following birth is vital for babies already at risk of LBW.

scholarly journals Frequency of infantile colic in neonates presenting At Tertiary Care Hospital.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 2357-2362
Author(s):  
Anwar Muhammad ◽  
Muhammad Asghar Ali ◽  
Ali Hammad
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Infantile Colic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
Hospital Study

Objectives: To determine the frequency of infantile colic in neonates presenting at tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Cross Sectional Study. Setting: Department of Neonatology, Civil Hospital, Bahawalpur. Period: From January 2018 to August 2018. Material & Methods: Total 467 neonates either male or female were selected for this study. Total 467 neonates with complaints of crying and fussing either male or female were selected for this study and infantile colic was assessed in selected neonates by using Wessel criteria. Results: Total 467 neonates were selected for this study.  Mean age of the neonates was 24.94 ± 2.39 months, mean gestational age and mean weight was 39.42 ± 1.22 weeks and 3.27 ± 0.62g respectively.   Infantile colic was found in 322 (69%) neonates.  Infantile colic was found in 61 (33.33%) neonates, 136 (94.44%) neonates, 75 (87.21%) neonates and 50 (92.59%) neonates respectively.  Statistically significant association between infantile colic and type of feeding with p value 0.000.  Infantile colic was found in 147 (84.97%), 95 (67.86), 62 (49.21%) and 18 (64.29%) neonates respectively in 37 weeks, 38 weeks, 39 weeks and 40 weeks gestational age group.  Statistically insignificant association between infantile colic and gestational age was noted with p value 0.000. Conclusion: Results of present study showed higher rate of colic in infants.  Development of colic was highly associated with gestational age, birth weight and type of feeding.  There is no effective medical treatment (like anti-colic and herbal drugs) but alternative measures may relieve or prevent further colic attacks.

scholarly journals Frequency of Retinopathy in low birth weight infant at tertiary care hospital.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (02) ◽  
pp. 365-370
Author(s):  
Muhammad Younis Tahir ◽  
Iftikhar Ahmad ◽  
Soufia Farrukh
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Oxygen Supplementation ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infant ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology

Objectives: To find out the frequency of retinopathy in low birth weight infant presenting at tertiary care hospital, Bahawalpur. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur. Period: From July 2018 to December 2018. Material & Methods: Neonatal eye examination was performed for ROP. Results: Total 78 neonates were recruited for present study and ROP was assessed. Mean gestational age of neonates was 32.54 ± 3.79 weeks. Mean weight was 1445.51 ± 517.373 grams. Out of 78 neonates, ROP was observed in 28 (36%) neonates. ROP was found in 27 (42.19%) neonates of premature group and in 1 (7.14%) neonates of at term group. ROP was found in 1 (3.23%), 5 (29.41%) and 22 (73.33%) neonates respectively in weight group 1500-2500 g, 1000-1500 g and <1000 g group. Male neonates were 35 (44.87%) and female neonates were 43 (55.13%). Development of ROP was not significantly (P = 0.248) associated with gender of the neonates. Statistically significant association between ROP and oxygen supplementation was observed with p value 0.021. Conclusion: Results showed higher number of patients with ROP. Association of development of ROP with gestation was highly significant. Oxygen supplementation and oxygen concentration was also associated with ROP. Findings also showed no effect of gender and duration of hospital stay on ROP.

scholarly journals ETIOLOGY OF OPHTHALMIC MEDICOLEGAL CASES PRESENTING TO TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (07) ◽  
pp. 1192-1196
Author(s):  
Arooj Amjad ◽  
Muhammad Shaheer ◽  
Zubair Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Institutional Review Board ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Hospital Study ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: To study the etiology and visual acuity profile of ophthalmic medicolegal cases presenting to a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Lahore General Hospital, Lahore. Period: 1-3-2017 to 30-10-2018. Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted after taking ethical approval from the institutional review board. Record of medicolegal cases presenting during the study period were studied and assessed. In this study, etiology of trauma inflicted to eye and visual acuity at presentation were analyzed in addition to the age, gender and eye distribution. Age and visual acuity were categorized into subsets for assessment. Results: The authors reviewed the data of 40 ophthalmic medicolegal cases presenting to the department. The medicolegal cases were common in patients aging between 21-30 years (32.5%) which predominantly involved males (65%). Right eye was involved in 40% of patients and 35% of patients had normal (6/6) visual acuity. Most common trauma inflicted to eye was by fist or blow from hand in 75% of cases. Conclusion: Trauma to eye in medicolegal cases is common and is frequently inflicted by fist or hand.

scholarly journals Frequency, risk factors and materno-foetal outcomes among cases of Placenta previa at a tertiary care hospital: a two year study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2240
Author(s):  
Pamulaparthi Bindu Reddy ◽  
Gurram Swetha Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Placenta Previa ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Early Date

Background: Placenta previa refers to the presence of placental tissue that extends over the internal cervical os.  Placenta previa is linked to maternal hypovolemia, anaemia, and long hospital stay and with prematurity, low birth weight, low APGAR score in newborn. So it is very important to identify the condition at an early date to warn the condition thereby reducing the maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. The present study was aimed to estimate the prevalence of PP, its associated predisposing risk factors and maternal morbidity, mortality and the perinatal outcome.Methods: A prospective observational study for two years was conducted at a tertiary care hospital. Pregnant mothers with >28 weeks of age with H/o ante partum haemorrhage were screened for placenta previa, confirmed by ultra sonography and included in the study. Clinical history, obstetric examination was done and followed up till the delivery. Maternal and foetal outcomes were recorded. Data analyzed by using SPSS version 20.Results: 1.4% incidence of PP was noted, mean age of group was 29.17±1.6 years. Age group of 21-30 years, multiparity Gravida 2-4, previous history of caesarean section and less number of ante natal checkups were significant risk factors and LSCS was most common outcome. Prematurity, low birth weight and APGAR <7 score for 1 minute was common foetal outcomes.Conclusions: Our study strongly suggests foetal surveillance programmes in cases of placenta previa. Measures should be made to bring awareness about PP, in urban slums and to increase medical checkups regularly. Making USG mandatory during every ANC and referral of cases of PP to tertiary care centres would definitely reduce the chances of morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Assessment of adverse drug reaction profile of the disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs at the department of orthopaedics in a tertiary care hospital, Silchar, Assam, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1007
Author(s):  
Vijoy S. Kairi ◽  
Pinaki Chakravarty ◽  
Arun Kumar Sipani
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Case Record ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Disease Modifying ◽  
Reaction Profile

Background: The mainstay of treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is the use of the disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Methotrexate, sulfasalazine and hydroxychloroquine are some of the DMARDs which are used in combination for the treatment of RA. The current study was undertaken to assess the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of DMARDs that are commonly encountered with the treatment of RA.Methods: The present study was designed as a prospective, observational study on newly diagnosed patients with RA. Patients diagnosed with RA above 18 years (excluding pregnant women) of either sex who were prescribed DMARDs in combination were included. ADRs reported spontaneously by the patients and also responses obtained in a questionnaire related to likely ADRs from the patients was recorded in the case record form. Statistical analysis was done using graph pad and p value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results: A total of 47 patients attending the Outpatient Department of Orthopaedics, Silchar Medical College and Hospital, Silchar, Assam, India were screened for the study. ADRs were monitored up to the last visit on 41 patients excluding the patients who were lost and who were not able to adhere to the treatment. A total of 27 ADRs were reported from 19 ADR forms. Gastrointestinal manifestations were the most common adverse effects of combination DMARDs seen in 10 patients (24.39%). Severity assessment done using modified Hartwig and Siegel scale that showed majority of the ADRs were mild (74.07%).Conclusions: Present study showed that DMARDs are well-tolerated and have an acceptable toxicity profile as majority of ADRs seen were mild. It was however difficult to prevent the occurrence of ADRs. Proper monitoring of therapy is needed for early recognition of ADRs.

scholarly journals Frequency of familial short stature identified in children presenting with short stature at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Multan, Pakistan.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 993-996
Author(s):  
Waqas Imran Khan ◽  
◽  
Asia Noreen ◽  
Summera Tabasum ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Pediatric Endocrinology ◽  
Multicenter Studies ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: The objective of my study was to determine the frequency of familial short height in children aged 3 to 14 years with short height. Study Design: Descriptive study. Setting: Department of Pediatric Endocrinology at The Children Hospital & Institute of Child health Multan (CH& ICH). Period: 1st November 2018 to 31st October 2019. Material & Methods: Eighty four patients were enrolled after taking informed consent from parents/guardians. Heights of all patients, parental heights, mid parental heights were plotted on CDC growth charts. Patients having familial short stature were noted down. Results: Out of 84 patients, 59 (70.2%) were males and 25 (29.85%) were females. Age range was 3-14 years. Mean age of the population was 8.68 ± 3.42 years and mean height and weight were 114.29 ± 24.62cm and 28.95±10.01 kg, respectively. Mean height for mother and father of the patients were 154.39 ±4.56cm and 171.10 ± 3.52cm, respectively. Out of 84 children, 21 (25%) patients had FSS. In our study population FSS was more seen in children < 8 years of age, female gender and families with income of > 20K/months with p value of 0.879, 0.129 and 0.592 respectively. Conclusion: Majority of children presenting with short stature have FSS and CDG and do not have an endocrine disorder. In our study, frequency of familial short stature in children aged 3 to 14 years was 25%. The results should be validated in multicenter studies.

scholarly journals Visual Outcome of Ocular Trauma Presenting in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Sahiwal

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Zeeshan Jamil ◽  
Muhammad Luqman Ali Bahoo
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Ocular Trauma ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Visual Outcome ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Open Globe ◽  
Patient Reported

Purpose: To find the visual outcome of ocular trauma presenting in a tertiary care hospital in Sahiwal. Study Design: Descriptive observational study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at District Headquarter Teaching Hospital affiliated with Sahiwal Medical College, Sahiwal from January 2016 to June 2019. Material and Methods:  Four hundred and thirty five patients were included in the study by convenient sampling technique. Patient’s age, gender, occupation, activity at the time of injury, nature of object causing trauma, duration of trauma, visual acuity at the time when patient reported to hospital, the time delay before coming to the hospital were recorded. Ocular injuries were classified according to Birmingham ocular trauma terminology. Detailed ocular examination was performed. Patients were managed and post-management visual acuity at three months was recorded. Results: Mean age of patients was 29.07 ± 12.53 years. There were 219 (50.3%) closed globe and 216 (49.7%) open globe injuries. In 59 (13.6%) cases, cause of injury was metal object. In 146 (33.6%) cases injury was classified as contusion. In 164 (37.7%) cases cornea was involved. Majority of the patients were male. Eighty-seven patients presented within 1 day after trauma. In 154 (35.4%) patients, visual acuity at the time of presentation was 6/12 or better while in 171 (39.3%) cases it was less than 6/60. Chi-square test was used to calculate the difference between pre and post-management visual acuity. This difference was statistically significant with p-value less than 0.05 Conclusion:  Ocular trauma cases, if properly and timely managed, have a statistically significant increase in visual acuity.

scholarly journals Retinopathy of Prematurity in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Eastern Nepal

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (169) ◽  
Author(s):  
Srijana Adhikari ◽  
B P Badhu ◽  
N K Bhatta ◽  
R S Rajbhandari ◽  
B K Kalakheti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Screening Criteria

World Health Organization’s Vision 2020 program has recognized Retinopathy of Prematurity(ROP) as an important cause of childhood blindness in industrialized and developing countries. Inthe last few years, it has been identifi ed in many under developed countries as well, as a result ofimproved neonatal intensive care. In Nepal, ROP screening is carried out in a few tertiary hospitalsbut there is no published data on this disease. The purpose of this study was to fi nd out the incidence,severity and risk factors of ROP among infants screened in a tertiary care hospital in the EasternRegion of Nepal.A prospective cohort study was carried out in neonates with gestational age of 34 weeks or less and,or birth weight of 1700 gm or less born over the period of one year. Dilated fundus examination ofall babies was done by indirect ophthalmoscopy between 2-4 weeks after birth and followed up tillthe retinal vascularization was complete. Classifi cation of ROP was done according to internationalclassifi cation (ICROP). Maternal and neonatal risk factors were also noted.A total of 55 babies fulfi lled the screening criteria. ROP was present in 25.45% (n=14) of the babies.Threshold disease was noted in 5.45% (n=3) of the babies screened. Low birth weight (p<0.01)and low gestational age (p<0.01) was signifi cantly associated with the incidence of ROP. Oxygensupplementation (p=<0.01) was an independent risk factor.ROP screening should be performed in all preterm low birth weight infants where there is availabilityof good neonatal intensive care units. The examination should be intensifi ed in those having riskfactors like oxygen. Further studies in the other tertiary care hospitals in Nepal would help toestablish the screening criteria for Nepalese infants.Key words: Retinopathy of prematurity, Eastern Nepal, screening

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