scholarly journals REMEDIASI MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING BERBANTUAN MEDIA BOOKLET PADA MATERI SISTEM PERNAPASAN DI SMA KEMALA BHAYANGKARI 01 KUBU RAYA

10.29406/513 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adnin Rahmah ◽  
Hanum Mukti Rahayu ◽  
Ari Sunandar
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
T Test ◽  
Contextual Teaching ◽  
Human Respiratory System

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya perbedaan dan pengaruh pembelajaran remediasi dengan menggunakan model Contextual Teaching And Learning(CTL)berbantuan Media Bookletterhadap hasil belajar siswa. Hasil uji statistik T-test diperoleh nilai signifikansi 0,000 ˂ 0,05. Sedangkan hasil perhitungan gain diperoleh nilai rata-rata gain sebesar 0,58 (kategori sedang). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan dan pengaruh hasil belajar antara sebelum dan sesudah pembelajaran remediasi dengan menggunakan model contextual teaching and learning(CTL) berbantuan media booklet.Kata kunci:Remediasi, CTL, Booklet, hasil belajar siswa, sistem pernapasan manusia.ABSTRACT The aims of study was to determine difference and effect of remediation learning used contextual teaching and learning (CTL) model with bookleton student learning outcomes. T-testresult show significance value (0,000 ˂ 0.05), and average gainvalue at 0,58 (medium category). The conclution of this study had difference and influences learning outcomes in remediation lerning used contextual teaching and learning (CTL) model with booklet.Keywords: Remediation, CTL, booklets, student learning outcomes, the human respiratory system 

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR PKN KELAS V YANG BERORENTASI PADA PENDEKATAN CTL (CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI SDN LERPAK 3 BANGKALAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1003
Author(s):  
Dewi Septiani Mandasari
Keyword(s):  
Social Studies ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
T Test ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Contextual Teaching ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACTThis research is development with the aim of (1) developing social studies textbook VSD CTL-ariented appoarch in order to improve student learning outcomes,(2) determine the fasibility of fifth grade social studies textbook oriented appoarch to CTL, (3) determine student’s mastery of learning outcomes by using social studies textbook oriented approach CTL. Based on the descriptive analysis shows that the process of textbook development has been carried out according to the stages proposed thiagarajan and has been modified so that the researcher ends at the development stage. Textbooks have also developed good quality feasibility for use. The effectiveness of textbook tested with inferential statistics using SPSS 17.0 is throught the F test and t test. F numbers which assume the same for both varians with   probability 0,224   (sig)   0,623 > 5% means that there is no difference between the experimental and control variants. Figures t-test assuming equal variance both populations is -5,782 with probability (sig) of 0.000. therefore, the number probability <0.05, means there is a difference between  the value of the posttest experimental class and control class posttest values, so it can be concluded that the learning outcomes of students by using teaching buju better developed than on the learning outcomes of students who only use regular textbooks. The conclusions derived from the research that has been done stating that the textbook has been developed, meets the eligibility criteria to be used in learning and more active student activity using textbooks, because the more euthusiastic students to understand the materials so that there are differences in the value of students learningoutcomes significantly between Va classes that do not use textbooks and the value of student learning outcomes using Vb class textbook. values class Vb student learning outcomes using textbooks development obtaining learning outcomes Keywords:Textbook, Social Studies,CTL Resulf of Learning. ABSTRAK                                                                                          Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan tujuan (1) mengembangkan Bahan Ajar PKN kelas V yang berorentasi pada pendekatan CTL untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa; (2) mengetahui tingkat kelayakan Bahan Ajar PKN kelas V yang berorentasi pada pendekatan CTL;(3) mengetahui ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan bahan ajar PKN yang berorentasi pada pendekatan CTL. Berdasarkan analisis deskriptif diperoleh bahwa proses pengembangan Bahan Ajar telah dilakukan sesuai tahapan yang dikemukakan Thiagarajan dan telah dimodifikasi peneliti sehingga berakhir pada tahap pengembangan. Bahan Ajar yang dikembangkan juga memiliki kualitas kelayakan baik untuk digunakan. Keefektifan Bahan Ajar diuji dengan statistic inferensial menggunakan SPSS 17.0 yaitu melalui uji F dan uji t. angka F yang mengansumsikan kedua varian sama sebesar 0,224 dengan probabilitas (sig) sebesar 0,623 > 5% berarti tidak ada perbedaan varian antara eksperimen dan control. ANgka t-test yang mengansumsikan varian kedua populasi sama adalah -5,782 dengan probabilitas (sig) sebesar 0,000. Oleh karena angka probabilitas <0,05, dapat diartikan ada perbedaan nilai posttest antara kelas eksperimen dan nilai nilai posttest kelas control, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan Bahan Ajar yang dikembangkan lebih baik dari hasil belajar siswa yang hanya menggunakan bahan ajar biasa. Simpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan menyatakan bahwa bahan ajar yang telah dikembangkan, memenuhi kriteria kelayakan untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran, karena siswa lebih antusias untuk memahami materi sehingga ada perbedaan nilai hasil belajar siswa yang signifikan antara kelas Va yang tidak menggunakan bahan ajar dan nilai belajar siswa kelas Vb dengan menggunakan bahan ajar. Nilai hasil belajar siswa kelas Vb dengan menggunakan bahan ajar yang dikembangkan memperoleh hasil belajar. Kata kunci: Bahan Ajar, PKN, Contextual Teaching and Learning, Hasil Belajar.

scholarly journals PENGARUH MODEL CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING (CTL) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISTEM BAHAN BAKAR BENSIN

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Admin JPTM
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
T Test ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Contextual Teaching ◽  
Academic Year

The purpose of this study was to determine the Effect of Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Model on ​​Student Learning Outcomes on Conventional Gasoline Fuel Systems Lesson in TBSM XI Class of SMKN 1 Palangka Raya, Academic Year 2017/2018. The method used in this study is pre-experimental design, by using one-group pretest-posttest design. In this design there is a pretest before treatment. Thus the results of the treatment can be known more accurately, because it can compare with the situation before being treated. The results of this study indicate that the calculation using the t-test with a significance level of α = 0.05 obtained a t-count value of 16.19 while the t_table value was 1.992. Because t_count > t_table, this means that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, so it can be concluded that there are influences of student learning outcomes taught using the CTL model on conventional gasoline fuel system lesson. The type of learning model is quite effective in the process of teaching in schools especially automotive lesson.

scholarly journals Efektifitas Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching And Learning dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika Kelas III di SD Islam Ar-Rahmat Weragati Majalengka

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Iis Ihsani ◽  
Agus Prayitno
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
T Test ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Contextual Teaching ◽  
The Difference

The rapid progress of the school in this modern era, so every school always innovates learning so that students do not feel bored and fed up in class, so that student learning outcomes are low. This study aims to find out how much the difference in student learning outcomes by using CTL Learning and those who do not use Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning in mathematics class III at SD Islam Ar-Rahmat Weragati. This research is a type of quantitative research using experimental methods. Data collection techniques using observation and tests to get the difference between those using and not learning CTL. This study is a population research study, because it took all students in class III at SDI Ar-Rahmat as a sample with 33 subjects. The research data collected were analyzed using the normality test, homogeneity test and t-test. The application of Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning is expected to provide added value for students in school. The results of this study indicate that there are significant differences between student learning outcomes by using Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning compared to student learning outcomes using the Group Investigation learning model in grade III Islamic Ar-Rahmat Majalengka Elementary School. Keywords: Effectiveness; Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL); Learning Outcomes. Abstrak Pesatnya kemajuan sekolah di era modern ini, maka setiap sekolah selalu melakukan inovasi pembelajaran sehingga siswa tidak merasa bosan dan jenuh dalam kelas, sehingga hasil belajar siswa rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mengetahui seberapa besar perbedaan hasil belajar siswa dengan mengunakan Pembelajaran CTL dan yang tidak mengunakan Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) dalam mata pelajaran matematika kelas III di SD Islam Ar-Rahmat Weragati. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan observasi dan tes untuk mendapatkan perbedaan antara yang menggunakan dengan yang tidak pembelajaran CTL. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian penelitian populasi, karena mengambil seluruh siswa kelas III di SDI Ar-Rahmat sebagai sampel dengan jumlah subyek 33 orang. Data penelitian yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas dan uji t-test. Penerapan pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) diharapkan dapat memberikan nilai tambah bagi siswa di sekolah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) dibandingkan dengan hasil belajar siswa yang menggunakan model pembelajaran Group Investigation di kelas III SD Islam Ar-Rahmat Majalengka. Kata Kunci: Efektivitas; Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL); Hasil Belajar.    

THE EFFECT OF LEARNING OUTCOMES USING THE CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING MODEL ON MATEMATICS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Khusnul Tri Hartanti ◽  
Udjang Pairin M. Basir ◽  
Claudya Zahrani Susilo
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Outcome ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Student Learning Outcome ◽  
Contextual Teaching ◽  
The One

Many students find it difficult to accept fraction material from the teacher because student are more receptive to material through the surrounding environment such as fruit, bread, marbles, stones, etc. The purpose of this researchs to determine student learning outcome whether thereis influence when use the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model of mathematics subject matter in the 4th grade SDN Jombatan IV Jombang. This type of research is PreExperimental Design, the design used is one-group pretest -posttest design. The study focus on student learning outcomes in fraction material with the CTL model. Based on research that has been done, it can seen than more than 90% of students can achieve KKM value. In testing the test-t if the value of t is greater than t table then the hypothesis is accepted. It is evident from the results of the study that tcount = 5.344219271 and ttable = 2.178812827, which means that it has a strong signification shows that there is an influencer on student learning outcomes. The one-party test, it turns out that tcount falls in the area of acceptance of Ha, which the result test shows menunjukkan thitung ˃ ttabel so that the conclusion are Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. So it can be said that learning uses Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) can affect of student learning outcomes.

scholarly journals Pembelajaran Matematika Menggunakan Model Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) pada Materi Kubus dengan Konteks Tahu di kelas VIII

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
Depi Adela Sari ◽  
Chika Rahayu ◽  
Indah Widyaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Contextual Teaching ◽  
And Control

This service uses the Pretest Posttest Design design. The purpose of this service is to determine the effect of contextual teaching and learning (CTL) learning models on student learning outcomes on cube material with the context of tofu in grade VIII? Data collection uses documentation and test methods. The data is processed using the t test statistical test. Based on data analysis, the average value of experimental class students is 83.90 and control class 73.11. From the average value obtained by students, it can be seen that mathematics learning using contextual teaching and learning (CTL) learning models with context knows that it has a positive effect on student learning outcomes on cube material

scholarly journals PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING (CTL) DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-174
Author(s):  
Irfan Taufik
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Contextual Teaching ◽  
Improving Student Learning ◽  
Improve Student Learning

This research discusses the application of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model in improving student learning outcomes, the purpose of the research in this paper is how to use the Contextual Learning learning model and Learning (CTL) can improve student learning outcomes. The type of research used in this study is classroom action research (CAR). The research subjects were students of class XI Administration 3 Vocational High School (SMK) Negeri 1 Palopo 2018/2019 academic year consisting of 7 male students and 18 female students. The data in this study were obtained from the results of observations of student activities (observation sheets) and final cycle test instruments. Furthermore, the data of this study were analyzed with qualitative descriptive. The learning model of Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) in the subjects can improve student learning outcomes. This can be seen from students who enthusiastically receive learning material and students are not ashamed to practice the material directly received, the results showed that during the final test Cycle I student learning outcomes amounted to 73.52%, then in cycle II Discover the results of learning student learning material at 81.48% or around 7.91% in the realm of cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects.

scholarly journals Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Model to Students Improve Learning Outcome at Senior High School of Model Terpadu Bojonegoro

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 528-535
Author(s):  
Tamam Syaifuddin ◽  
Luthfiyah Nurlaela ◽  
Sukma Perdana P
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Contextual Teaching

The purpose of the study was to analyze the improvement of student learning outcomes with the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model at Senior High School of Model Terpadu Bojonegoro in Civics subjects. The experimental study used a factorial design using pre-test and post-test. Collecting data using observation, documentation, and test methods. The research sample was carried out in class XI of Bojonegoro Model Terpadu Senior High School, a total of 120 students were in 4 (four) classes, each class consisted of 30 students. The technique used to check the validity in this study is triangulation and review of informants. Based on the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded that the application of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model can improve Civics learning outcomes for XI grade students at Senior High School of Model Terpadu Bojonegoro. Increase in student learning outcomes by 7.08% in the second cycle.

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning  Dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar pada Siswa Kelas VIII Mata Pelajaran Fiqih di MTs Teladan Gebang

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-129
Author(s):  
Maulida Maulida ◽  
Wadhuli Jannati
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Class Viii ◽  
Contextual Teaching ◽  
Improve Student Learning

The purpose of this study is to find out how the application of the Contextual Teaching and Learning learning model for class VIII students in FIQIH subjects at MTs. Exemplary Gebang. To find out how to improve student learning outcomes for class VIII FIQIH subjects at MTs. Exemplary Gebang. To find out whether the application of the Contextual Teaching and Learning learning model can improve the learning outcomes of class VIII students in FIQIH subjects at MTs Teladan Gebang. Learning outcomes are something that cannot be separated from learning. Based on the observation activities that have been carried out, the background of this research is that students are less active in the learning process, students are less confident in expressing opinions, students are more focused on their own activities when listening to the explanation given by the teacher, so this has an impact on student learning outcomes in Fiqh lessons is still low, in class VIII students, totaling 32 students at MTs Teladan Gebang, it is known that the learning process is less than optimal. Therefore, it is necessary to apply the Contextual Teaching and Learning learning model to improve student learning outcomes. The formulation of the problem in this study is whether the application of the Contextual Teaching and Learning learning model can improve student learning outcomes for class VIII FIQIH subjects at MTs Teladan Gebang. The goal to be achieved in this study is to determine the effect of the Contextual Teaching and Learning learning model on student learning outcomes. Class VIII Fiqh subjects at MTs Teladan Gebang. The type of research used is classroom action research with the design used is pretest and posttest. This research was conducted in class VIII MTs Teladan Gebang. Data collection techniques used observations, tests and interviews, then analyzed using hypothesis testing. The results showed that the average score obtained by class VIII at MTs Teladan Gebang in the Pre Test was 58 with 7 students' completeness (21.87). %). In Cycle I, the average student score was 71.34 with a completeness of 20 students (62.5%). In Cycle II the average score of students is 85 with student completeness as many as 32 people (87.5%). This proves that there is a significant effect of the Contextual Teaching and Learning learning model on student learning outcomes for Fiqh Class VIII MTs Teladan Gebang..  

scholarly journals PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MATERI MAWARIS MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING (CTL)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-185
Author(s):  
DWI ARI SETIAWATI
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
School Year ◽  
Contextual Teaching ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Academic Year

This study aims to determine the increase in student learning outcomes after using the Contextual Teaching and Learning learning model. Based on student learning outcomes in the previous school year, it was seen that the learning outcomes were low, especially on Mawaris material. Therefore, the authors conducted classroom action research by changing the learning model that previously used lectures and discussions into Contextual Teaching and Learning. CTL (Contextual Teaching and Learning) learning is a learning concept that emphasizes the relationship between learning materials and the real world of students' lives, so that students are able to connect and apply learning outcomes competencies in everyday life. This study uses two cycles of action research consisting of four steps, namely: planning, implementing, observing and reflecting. The subjects of this study were students of class XII.IPA.1 for the academic year 2020/2021. Data were obtained from formative test results, activity observation sheets, and interview sheets. From the results of the analysis, it was found that the learning outcomes of Mawaris material increased from 69.23% in cycle 1 to 92.30% in cycle 2. The conclusion of this study is that Contextual Teaching and Learning learning can improve student learning outcomes. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa setelah penggunaan model pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning. Berdasarkan hasil belajar siswa pada tahun pelajaran sebelumnya terlihat rendahnya hasil belajar terutama pada materi Mawaris. Oleh karena itu penulis melakukan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan mengganti model pembelajaran yang tadinya menggunakan ceramah dan diskusi menjadi Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning. Pembelajaran CTL (Contextual Teaching and Learning) merupakan konsep pembelajaran yang menekankan pada keterkaitan antara materi pembelajaran dengan dunia kehidupan siswa secara nyata, sehingga siswa mampu menghubungkan dan menerapkan kompetensi hasil belajar dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan sebanyak dua siklus yang terdiri dari empat langkah yaitu: perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XII.IPA.1 tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. Data diperoleh dari hasil tes formatif, lembar observasi kegiatan, dan lembar wawancara. Dari hasil analisis didapatkan bahwa hasil belajar materi mawaris mengalami peningkatan ketuntasan belajar dari 69,23% pada siklus 1 menjadi 92,30% pada siklus 2. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN PENDEKATAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING DENGAN METODE OBSERVASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PADA MATAKULIAH EKOLOGI DASAR

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Nur Rokhimah Hanik ◽  
Sri Harsono ◽  
Anwari Adi Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
T Test ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Improve Student Achievement ◽  
Observation Method

                                                       ABSTRACT Implementation of learning at the university level is expected to be conducted interactively and motivate students to participate actively in learning activities. But the reality in learning, still found learning problems about the low learning activities and student learning outcomes. While as an educator, lecturers should be able to know the problems in the learning process or lectures as an effort to improve the quality of learning. Solution to overcome the problem is by giving learning with Contextual Teaching and Learning approach (CTL) through observation method applied in Basic Ecology subject.The purpose of this research is to improve student achievement in Basic Ecology subject through learning with CTL approach and observation method. Expectations from the results of this study is as an information or input that the strategy and learning model with the method of observation can overcome the lack of activity and low student learning outcomes caused by the dominance of female students and the diversity of high school students so that the classroom climate is often noisy and reduced concentration at the time of learning. This research is experimental research, with one class of experiment of Biology student of FKIP Univet Bantara Sukoharjo second semester of class of 2016/2017 taking Basic Ecology subject. The data were collected using observation and test sheets. Technique of data analysis using T test analysis. From the analysis with T test Paired sample for two groups of dependent or pairs on pretest and postes data obtained Asymp results. Sig (2 -tailled) below 0.05 is 0.00 then Ho is rejected. This means that there are significant differences in learning outcomes before (pretest) and after CTL learning with the method of Observation (postes) in Basic Ecology subject especially on the subject matter of Population and Bird Diversity. Thus, it can be concluded that learning CTL with Observation method can improve student achievement in Basic Ecology subject especially material Population or bird diversity. Keywords: CTL approach, Observation method, Basic Ecology course, Learning  Achievement 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document