scholarly journals Prospects for the Use of Thermal Extracts of Brucella abortusI-206 in S-and L-Forms in the Diagnosis and Prevention of Brucellosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
V. I. Dubrovina ◽  
O. V. Yuryeva ◽  
A. B. Pyatidesyatnikova ◽  
T. P. Starovoytova ◽  
Zh. A. Konovalova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Brucella Abortus ◽  
Cyclic Nucleotides ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Immunocompetent Organs ◽  
Immunogenic Properties

Currently, one of the topical areas of research is the development of new antigen preparations for the specific diagnosis and prevention of brucellosis, since indication of the pathogen and prevention of the disease is complicated by the ability of brucella to dissociate, and live vaccines used for specific prevention of brucellosis have residual virulence. Thermal extracts (TE) obtained from Brucella abortus I-206 in the L- and S-form can be used as such promising antigens. It is known that TE in the L- and S-forms have immunogenic properties, as well as a modulating effect on the proliferation of immunocompetent cells, morphological changes in the immunocompetent organs of experimental animals.The aimof the work is to study the effect of Brucella abortus thermal extracts in L- and S-forms on the functional state of the cells of experimental animals.Materials  and  methods. The  study  was  performed  on  100  certified  white  mice.  As  objects  of  study,  we  used  the B. abortus I-206 TE in L- and S-forms. Evaluation of the effect of antigenic drugs on the functional state of phagocytes of laboratory animals in vitro was performed on peritoneal macrophages. The total activity of the respiratory chain enzymes in the NBT-test and superoxide dismutase was determined. Cells of intact animals served as controls. As a positive control, a commercial antigenic LPS preparation Escherichia coli was used. The content of cyclic nucleotides in homogenates of immunocompetent organs was determined using ELISA.Results.This study presents materials on the study of the effect of TE on the bactericidal activity of phagocytes and the level of cyclic nucleotides in immunocompetent organs. It has been established that TEs activate oxygen-dependent bactericidal systems of phagocytes. When studying the effect of TE on the content of cyclic nucleotides in immunocompetent organs of white mice, an increase in their concentration was revealed, indicating an increase in the functional activity of the cells.Conclusion.The obtained data make it possible to substantiate the need for a further detailed study of the immunogenic properties of B. abortus TE in the L- or S-form on the organism of experimental animals.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF BRUCELLA ABORTUS I-206 THERMOEXTRACTS IN L- AND S-FORM ON MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATE OF WHITE MICE ADRENAL GLANDS

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Dubrovina ◽  
T. P. Starovoitova ◽  
S. A. Vityazeva ◽  
N. L. Barannikova ◽  
T. A. Ivanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brucella Abortus ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Live Vaccines ◽  
Experimental Researches ◽  
The Given ◽  
Morphological Research ◽  
Positive Properties

Live vaccines are used for specific brucellosis prophylaxis in the Russian Federation. These vaccines in addition to a number of  positive properties have some limitations including high  agglutinogenicity, reactogenicity, sensitizing activity. In this  connection, the development of subunit vaccines without adverse  reactions is a perspective direction in modern vaccinology. Complex  morphological research of the adrenal glands and comparative  analysis of peripheral blood (leukogram, leukocytic index and index  of allergization) of white mice immunized with thermoextracts (ТE)  of Brucella abortus I-206 in L- and S-form and inactivated vaccine B.  abortus 19 ВА were conducted. It was shown that ТE unlike B.  abortus 19 ВА caused minor alterations in peripheral blood of the  experimental animals in early periods of observation (increase of allergization index, changes in leukogram) with the subsequent  levelling to the values in control. Expositions of the adrenal gland  zoning were determined and cellular structure was estimated in  consideration of morphometry. Changes in architectonics of the mice  organ immunized with B. abortus 19 ВА were revealed. These alterations could indicate the stress-reaction development. In  case of ТE application the given changes were insignificant and were  developed in early periods. The revealed morphological changes in  adrenal glands of laboratory animals permit to prove the necessity of  realization the further experimental researches to ТE application  as the components for development of a subcellular brucellosis vaccine.

scholarly journals THE IMMUNOMODELING ACTIVITY OF BISMUTH CITRATE IN EXPERIMENT 1-CSTL AND LABORATORY OF INDUSTRIAL TOXICOLOGY

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 134-139
Author(s):  
О. I. Hrushka ◽  
V. A. Turkina ◽  
B. P. Kuzminov
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Bismuth Citrate ◽  
Degree Of Sensitization ◽  
Sensitizing Effect

The aim of the study. To investigate in experimental conditions the effect of bismuth citrate on the immune system of laboratory animals. Material and methods. One-time sensitization of tadpoles (subcutaneously into the ear) was performed according to the method of O.G. Alekseeva, A.I. Petkevich. The degree of sensitization was established after skin tests. Determined the leucocyte blood formula, T and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood by the rosette method, immunoglobulins of class A, M, G in serum - by the method of radial immunodiffusion of globulines in agar Difco, circulating and extracellular complexes detection of the response of blood cells to the allergen "in vitro" - by the reaction of specific leukocyte lysis. Results. Bismuth citrate causes impaired immunological homeostasis in experimental animals. Indicators of nonspecific cellular component of the immune system have changed significantly, characterizing immunocomplex pathology. A decrease in the T-helper subpopulation was observed, indicating a significant immunomodulatory ability of bismuth citrate. At the same time, there was a significant increase in cells capable of rosette formation, which suggests that bismuth citrate is capable of provoking sensitization of the body. In the humoral immunity link, significant differences in the content of circulating immune complexes in sensitized and control animals were observed. Immunoglobulin levels were unchanged relative to control. The analysis of the sensitizing effect indicates that the most probable result of sensitization of the organism in this mode of receipt of bismuth citrate is the formation of type III hypersensitivity. Conclusions. Bismuth citrate under experimental conditions causes changes in the immune system of experimental animals, which are characteristic of the allergenic response of the organism to the complement-dependent type.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF OZONE THERAPY ON THE MORPHOLOGIC CHANGES IN THE PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH PURULENT INFLAMMATION OF THE LUNGS IN THE EXPERIMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-140
Author(s):  
Gulora A. Sadykova ◽  
Kh. U Rakhmatullaev ◽  
R. Sh Mavlyan-Khodjaev ◽  
Z. S Zalyalova ◽  
Yu. Kh Tadjikhodjaeva
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Mechanical Irritation ◽  
Inflammation Of The Lungs

We have created the experimental model of chronic inflammation of lungs by means of prolonged mechanical irritation of the bronchi in 30 outbred rats and studied the morphological changes in the lung tissue of these animals rats in three series of experiments. Each rat was given an intraperitoneal injection of an ozonised saline solution produced by a «Binafsha» ozonator. The objective of the study was to compare a control group of healthy animals and the group of experimental animals with chronic purulent pneumonia. The prolonged irritation of the respiratory tract in experimental animals was found to induce the structural changes in the tissues of the lungs characteristic of chronic purulent inflammation. The course of treatment with the ozonised saline solution in healthy animals with experimentally modelled chronic purulent inflammation of the lungs did not have a negative impact on the general condition and the behaviour of the animals. The treatment of experimental chronic inflammation of lungs caused by prolonged mechanical irritation of the respiratory tract resulted in the improvement of the morphological status of the laboratory animals, but the purulent inflammation process failed to be completely resolved after the treatment which needs to be taken into consideration in the clinical practice.

scholarly journals Brucella abortus Rough Mutants Are Cytopathic for Macrophages in Culture

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 440-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianwu Pei ◽  
Thomas A. Ficht
Keyword(s):  
Brucella Abortus ◽  
Cytopathic Effect ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Intracellular Survival ◽  
Intracellular Killing ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
O Antigen

ABSTRACT Rough mutants of Brucella spp. are attenuated for survival in animal models. However, conflicting in vitro evidence has been obtained concerning the intracellular survival of rough mutants. Transposon-derived rough mutants isolated in our laboratory were previously shown to exhibit small but significant reductions in intracellular survival in a 12-h in vitro assay. Several recent publications report that rough mutants exhibited increased macrophage uptake relative to their smooth parental strains, and a reduction in numbers at the end of the assay has been interpreted as intracellular killing. In an effort to explore the role of O antigen in the interaction between Brucella abortus and macrophages, we have monitored the uptake of rough mutants and survival in vitro by using the murine macrophage cell line J774.A1. The results confirm a 10- to 20-fold-increased uptake of rough mutants over that of smooth organisms under standard conditions. Recovery of the rough mutants persisted up to 8 h postinfection, but at the point when intracellular replication of the smooth organisms was observed, the number of rough organisms recovered declined. Fluorescence microscopy revealed the intracellular multiplication of both smooth and rough organisms, and assays performed in the absence of antibiotic confirmed the replication of the rough organisms. Examination by phase-contrast microscopy revealed the lytic death of macrophages infected with the rough mutants, which was confirmed by the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from the cell cytoplasm. Thus, the decline in the number of rough organisms was the result of the lysis of macrophages and not from intracellular killing. The cytopathic effect is characterized as necrotic rather than apoptotic cell death based on early LDH release, annexin V and propidium iodide staining, morphological changes of infected cells and nuclei, and glycine protection. The cytopathic effect was observed with macrophages at multiplicities of infection (MOIs) of as low as 20 and was not observed with epithelial cells at MOIs of as high as 2000. These findings suggest a role for O antigen during the early stages of host-agent interaction that is essential in establishing an intracellular niche that maintains and supports persistent intracellular infection resulting in disease.

Correlation Between Cellular Functions and Morphological Changes of Human Trophoblast in Vitro

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 600-601
Author(s):  
John C. Garancis ◽  
Robert O. Hussa ◽  
Michael T. Story ◽  
Donald Yorde ◽  
Roland A. Pattillo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Culture Fluid ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Human Trophoblast ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Marked Activity ◽  
Malignant Trophoblast

Human malignant trophoblast cells in continuous culture were incubated for 3 days in medium containing 1 mM N6-O2'-dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate (dibutyryl cyclic AMP) and 1 mM theophylline. The culture fluid was replenished daily. Stimulated cultures secreted many times more chorionic gonadotropin and estrogens than did control cultures in the absence of increased cellular proliferation. Scanning electron microscopy revealed remarkable surface changes of stimulated cells. Control cells (not stimulated) were smooth or provided with varying numbers of microvilli (Fig. 1). The latter, usually, were short and thin. The surface features of stimulated cells were considerably different. There was marked increase of microvilli which appeared elongated and thick. Many cells were covered with confluent polypoid projections (Fig. 2). Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated marked activity of cytoplasmic organelles. Mitochondria were increased in number and size; some giant forms with numerous cristae were observed.

Effect of Temperature, Velocity Gradient and I.V. Heparin on in Vitro Blood Coagulation and Platelet Aggregation

1967 ◽  
Vol 17 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 112-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Dintenfass ◽  
M. C Rozenberg
Keyword(s):  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Velocity Gradient ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Clotting Time ◽  
Progressive Change ◽  
Aggregation Of Platelets ◽  
Microscopic Techniques

SummaryA study of blood coagulation was carried out by observing changes in the blood viscosity of blood coagulating in the cone-in-cone viscometer. The clots were investigated by microscopic techniques.Immediately after blood is obtained by venepuncture, viscosity of blood remains constant for a certain “latent” period. The duration of this period depends not only on the intrinsic properties of the blood sample, but also on temperature and rate of shear used during blood storage. An increase of temperature decreases the clotting time ; also, an increase in the rate of shear decreases the clotting time.It is confirmed that morphological changes take place in blood coagula as a function of the velocity gradient at which such coagulation takes place. There is a progressive change from the red clot to white thrombus as the rates of shear increase. Aggregation of platelets increases as the rate of shear increases.This pattern is maintained with changes of temperature, although aggregation of platelets appears to be increased at elevated temperatures.Intravenously added heparin affects the clotting time and the aggregation of platelets in in vitro coagulation.

Cytotoxic Effect of the Combination of Gemcitabine and Atorvastatin Loaded in Microemulsion on the HCT116 Colon Cancer Cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayson H. Alkhatib ◽  
Dalal Al-Saedi ◽  
Wadiah S. Backer
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Colon Cancer Cells ◽  
Apoptosis Detection ◽  
Hct116 Cells

The combination of anticancer drugs in nanoparticles has great potential as a promising strategy to maximize efficacies by eradicating resistant, reduce the dosage of the drug and minimize toxicities on the normal cells. Gemcitabine (GEM), a nucleoside analogue, and atorvastatin (ATV), a cholesterol lowering agent, have shown anticancer effect with some limitations. The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the antitumor activity of the combination therapy of GEM and ATVencapsulated in a microemulsion (ME) formulation in the HCT116 colon cancer cells. The cytotoxicity and efficacy of the formulation were assessed by the 3- (4,5dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphyneltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The mechanism of cell death was examined by observing the morphological changes of treated cells under light microscope, identifying apoptosis by using the ApopNexin apoptosis detection kit, and viewing the morphological changes in the chromatin structure stained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) under the inverted fluorescence microscope. It has been found that reducing the concentration of GEM loaded on ME (GEM-ME) from 5μM to 1.67μM by combining it with 3.33μM of ATV in a ME formulation (GEM/2ATV-ME) has preserved the strong cytotoxicity of GEM-ME against HCT116 cells. The current study proved that formulating GEM with ATV in ME has improved the therapeutic potential of GEM and ATV as anticancer drugs.

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