scholarly journals The Experience of the Soviet Postwar Period and the Modern Stage of Reforming the Training System of Reserve Officers: It’s Significance for the Far East Federal District of the Country

Author(s):  
B A Kuchaiev
Author(s):  
N. V Artymuk ◽  
T. E Belokrinitskaya ◽  
O. S Filippov ◽  
E. M Shifman

The purpose of the study was to conduct a comparative assessment of the incidence and characteristics of the course of the NCI COVID-19 in pregnant women in the Siberian Federal District and Far Eastern Federal District. Materials and methods. The analysis of operational information on the incidence of NCI COVID-19 and the features of the course in pregnant women, women in childbirth and puerperas provided by the chief obstetrician-gynecologists of the Siberian Federal District and the Far Eastern Federal District on May 25, 2020 is carried out. Results. The results of the study showed that the proportion of pregnant women among patients with COVID-19 in the Siberian Federal District and the Far Eastern Federal District is 0.82 %. Pneumonia was registered in almost every third patient (28.4 %), but the disease, on the whole, was characterized by a milder course than in the general population of patients: a severe form of the disease was diagnosed in 3.6 % of women, hospitalization in RAO was performed in 1.9 % of cases, mechanical ventilation was required by 0.6 % of patients. There were no cases of maternal and perinatal mortality. Conclusion. The course of the disease in pregnant women in the Siberian Federal District and the Far Eastern Federal District was characterized by a milder course relative to the general patient population. However, final conclusions can only be drawn after the pandemic is over. щей популяции больных. Однако окончательные выводы можно будет сделать только после завершения пандемии.


Author(s):  
Marina N. Khramova ◽  
◽  
Dmitry P. Zorin ◽  
◽  

In the current geopolitical conditions and fierce competition in world markets from such dy-namically developing countries of the Asia-Pacific region as China, Vietnam, Thailand, Singapore and a number of others, the preservation and increase of human capital in the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District is of a strategic nature. To ensure the national security and integrity of the country, to strengthen Russia's position in the Asia-Pacific area, the role of the Far East regions comes to the fore. However, the pronounced processes of depopulation of the population of the Far East regions and the stable migration outflow of the working-age population to other regions of Russia and abroad call into question the implementation of many tasks for the sustainable socio-economic development of this macro-region. The regions of the Far Eastern Federal District are already experiencing a shortage of qualified personnel in several industries. This deficit, in the absence of a governmental long-term strategy in the field of human capital formation, will not allow Russia to compete with the fast-growing economies of Asia-Pacific countries in the future. In this article, we analyze the opportunities and potential risks of human capital development through the prism of demographic processes occurring in the regions of the Russian Far East. Based on modern data on fertility, mortality, age-sex structure of the population, trends in interregional and international migration we conclude that for the growth of human capital and sustainable economic growth, the necessary conditions are: the development of transport and social infrastructure of the macro-region, the development of programs of labor mobility of the popu-lation, attracting young people through the educational migration channel, attracting international migrants from the CIS countries as well as from Asia-Pacific countries with a level of education and qualifications corresponding to the economic specialization of the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District.


2017 ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Plakitkina ◽  
◽  
Yu. A. Plakitkina ◽  
K. I. Dyachenko ◽  
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...  

Author(s):  
Alexander Sukhodolov ◽  
Yakov Sukhodolov

The article examines the current specificity of foreign trade ties of the Far Eastern Federal District. It presents a brief analysis of dynamics of the volumes and commodity structure of the export-import operations of the Far Eastern Federal District. At present, of specific significance for the regions of the Far East and Siberia is search for tolls of modernizing the economy with purpose of transition to innovative development. Foreign trade can be a perspective direction of socio-economic development of Russia’s Far East. Far Eastern Federal District is export-oriented, but in the export commodity structure the mineral raw groups of commodities prevail, which decreases its positive effect. Expansion of trade-economic and investment cooperation with the countries of the Asian-Pacific region in the field of developing processing industries and machine building oriented at increasing the depth of mineral resources processing and growth of the ready-made products export can become the basis of sustainable development of the Far East.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-236
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Dmochowski

AbstractDemographically, Siberia has been a remote and sparsely populated base of European Russia. The population of the Ural Federal District between 1989 and 2010 (within the borders of 2002) decreased by 0.45 million, Siberian Federal District by 4.90 million people and the Far Eastern Federal District by 1.65 million people. That is, the population of three federal districts decreased by 6.99 million people in just 21 years.In the years 2010-2019, the number of inhabitants of the Ural Federal District increased slightly from 12.08 million to 12.35 million people, i.e. by 0.27 million people. The population of the Siberian Federal District (within the borders of 2019) in the years 2010-2019 decreased by 0.004 million people. The number of inhabitants of the Far Eastern Federal District (within the borders of 2019) in the period 2010-2019 decreased by 0.18 million people.In total, in the years 2010-2019, the population of the three federal districts recorded a slight increase of 0.082 million people.


2020 ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
П.Я. Бакланов

В 2014 г. в Правительстве РФ был разработан новый инструмент развития Дальнего Востока – создание территорий опережающего развития (ТОР). Был принят специальный федеральный закон (ФЗ). К настоящему времени в Дальневосточном федеральном округе во всех субъектах, кроме Магаданской области, определены 20 ТОР, под которые выделяется компактная территория с наличием благоприятных условий социально-экономического развития и ряда крупных инвестиционных проектов, благодаря чему эта территория может стать точкой роста и способствовать развитию района в целом. В статье приводится общая характеристика ТОР Дальнего Востока, обобщены проблемы, проявляющиеся на стадии их создания. Дается детальная характеристика одной из первых ТОР – Надеждинской, формирующейся вблизи Владивостока. Для этой ТОР был разработан План перспективного развития, включающий оценку основных предпосылок и конкурентных преимуществ ее формирования, обоснование приоритетных видов деятельности, обобщенную оценку экономической эффективности и перспектив пространственного развития. В будущем на Дальнем Востоке возможно образование новых ТОР по глубокой переработке природных ресурсов суши и моря на основе новейших инновационных технологий. В ряде случаев целесообразно создание ТОР регионального значения с введением местных преференций, что будет стимулировать местные инициативы. При этом будут использованы имеющиеся благоприятные условия комплексного пространственного развития. In 2014, the Government of the Russian Federation has established a new tool for the development of the Far East by forming a territory of advanced development (TAD). A specific Federal Law (FL) has been passed. Today, 20 TADs have been determined in all federal units of the Far Eastern Federal District, except for Magadan Oblast. TAD is allocated on a compact area with favorable conditions for socio-economic development and a number of large investment projects, stipulating its conversion into a growth point and input to the development of the region as a whole. The article provides a general description of the TADs in the Far East with their schematic maps, generalizes the problems that appear at the stage of their creation. A detailed description of one of the first TAD, Nadezhdinskaya TAD, near Vladivostok is given. A long-term development plan, highlighting and justifying the priority economic activities and resident companies was developed for this TAD under the supervision of the author.


Author(s):  
A.V. Moshkov

Изучение структурных изменений в промышленных центрах предполагает анализ её состава и выявление взаимосвязей между элементами структуры. Особенно важно изучение региональных особенностей формирования и развития территориальноотраслевой структуры промышленных центров, которые происходят под влиянием совокупности экономикогеографических и социальноэкономических факторов. Необходимо изучить основные факторы и свойства формирования структуры промышленных центров, механизмы процессов включения новых производств в существующие структуры промышленных центров на Дальнем Востоке России. Используемая в хозяйственном обороте территория Дальнего Востока объективно располагает динамичной совокупностью факторов, которые оказывают более или менее благоприятное воздействие на формирование структуры промышленных центров (природные условия и ресурсы, экономикогеографическое положение, трудовые ресурсы, топливноэнергетические ресурсы и др.). Реализация такой совокупности наиболее благоприятных факторов приводит к формированию в структуре промышленных центров различных видов экономической деятельности (добывающие, обрабатывающие, производство и распределение электроэнергии, строительство, объекты производственной инфраструктуры и др.). Органы государственной власти могут успешно применять налоговые льготы и преференции, например, для создания территорий опережающего развития, что стимулирует процессы включения новых производств в структуру промышленных центров и обновление производственного потенциала существующих предприятий. Такое регулирование процесса структурной трансформации территориальнопроизводственных систем со стороны федеральных и региональных органов власти может существенно повысить эффективность производственного потенциала не только отдельных предприятий, но и целых регионов. Целью подобных изменений является повышение уровня жизни населения в регионах за счет роста эффективности производства, развития производственной и социальной инфраструктуры, создания благоприятных условий жизнедеятельности в Дальневосточном регионе. В работе рассматриваются структурные различия основных промышленных центров Дальневосточного федерального округа Российской Федерации. Приводятся расчеты обобщенной характеристики различий в структуре промышленности (добыча полезных ископаемых, обрабатывающие производства и производство и распределение электроэнергии, газа и воды) крупных городов с помощью индекса В. Рябцева. Отмечена прямая зависимость между уровнем развития обрабатывающих производств и доходами населения в крупных городах. The studies of structural changes in industrial centers involve the analysis of its composition and identification of relationships between the elements of the structure. It is especially important to study the regional features of the formation and development of the territorial and sectoral structure of industrial centers, which occur under the influence of a set of economicgeographical and socioeconomic factors. It is necessary to study the main factors and properties of the formation of the structure of industrial centers, the mechanisms of the processes of inclusion of new industries in the existing structures of industrial centers in the Russian Far East. The territory of the Far East used in economic turnover has a dynamic set of factors that have a more or less favorable impact on the formation of the structure of industrial centers (natural conditions and resources, an economic geographical position, labor resources, fuel and energy resources, and others). Realization of such a set of the most favorable factors leads to the formation of various types of economic activity (mining, processing, production and distribution of electricity, construction, an industrial infrastructure, and others) in the structure of industrial centers. Public authorities can apply tax benefits and preferences successfully, for example, in order to create the territories of advanced development that stimulates the processes of inclusion of new industries in the structure of industrial centers and the renewal of the production potential of existing enterprises. Such regulation of the process of structural transformation of the territorial production systems by the Federal and regional authorities can improve significantly efficiency of the production potential of both separate enterprises and entire regions. The purpose of such changes is to improve the living standards of the population in the regions by increasing the efficiency of production, development of production and a social infrastructure, creating the living conditions in the Far East. The paper deals with the structural differences between the main industrial centers of the Far Eastern Federal district of the Russian Federation. The calculations of the generalized characteristics of differences in the structure of industry (mining, processing industries and production and distribution of electricity, gas, and water) of large cities are assumed using V. Ryabtsev index, A direct relationship between the level of development of processing industries and incomes in large cities is revealed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
S. N. Naiden ◽  

The article examines the measures and results of the implementation of government strategies, programs, concepts adopted in the period 2009-2019. and aimed at the development of the subjects of the Far-Eastern federal district for the period up to 2025. Monitoring of indicators of demography of the population, living standards and development of social infrastructure was carried out. A comparative analysis of the actual and program indicators of development, as well as the responses of the socio-demographic system of the region to institutional innovations in the period 2009-2019 has been carried out. It has been established that, despite the abundance of adopted documents and a significant number of developed and applied measures, the achievement of the set goals, in any case, to maximize the population, has not been achieved. It is shown that the intensity of reproduction of social infrastructure facilities remains low, which weakly contributes to overcoming negative migration dynamics. The necessity of adjusting measures of state regulation in the field of social development and creating a comfortable living environment has been substantiated


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