scholarly journals Production and Characteristics of Composite Edible Films Based on Polysaccharides and Proteins

The use of plastic materials as food packaging materials has caused environmental problems, namely the accumulation of plastic waste. The presence of innovation in making food packaging with organic materials in the form of edible films can minimize plastic waste because organic materials can be degraded by decomposing microbes in a relatively short time. This review examines the production and characteristics of composite edible films based on polysaccharides and proteins. Several characteristics of the material that this film must meet, such as resistance to water and evaporation, are the standards that must be met for edible films. Starch-based materials are still too brittle to be the base material for making films because the hydrophilic nature of starch makes it easy to dissolve in water. The functional properties of starch need to be improved, including mixing it with other ingredients such as proteins, plasticizers, and essential oils in formulations. The mixing of these ingredients can form a formulation that forms an edible film with characteristics suitable for various food products.

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 4252
Author(s):  
Slađana Davidović ◽  
Miona Miljković ◽  
Milan Gordic ◽  
Gustavo Cabrera-Barjas ◽  
Aleksandra Nesic ◽  
...  

The development of edible films and coatings in the food packaging industry presents one of the modern strategies for protecting food products and ensuring their freshness and quality during their shelf lives. The application of microbial polysaccharides to the development of food package materials, as an alternative option to the commonly used plastic materials, is both economic and environmentally favorable. New edible films were developed using dextran from lactic acid bacterium Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3, and additionally plasticized by different concentrations of polyglycerol. The best tensile strength of the films was obtained using a formulation that contained 10 wt% of polyglycerol, which corresponded to a value of 4.6 MPa. The most flexible formulation, with elongation at break of 602%, was obtained with 30 wt% of polyglycerol. Water vapor permeability values of the films synthesized in this study were in the range of (3.45–8.81) ∗ 10−12 g/m s Pa. Such low values indicated that they could be efficient in preventing fruit from drying out during storage. Thus, the film formulations were used to coat blueberries in order to assess their quality during a storage time of 21 days at 8 °C. The results showed that dextran/polyglycerol films could be efficient in extending the shelf life of blueberries, which was evidenced by lower weight loss and total sugar solids values, as well as a delay in titratable acidity, in comparison to the uncoated blueberries.


Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2245
Author(s):  
Niaz Mahmud ◽  
Joinul Islam ◽  
Reza Tahergorabi

Marine sources are gaining popularity and attention as novel materials for manufacturing biopolymers such as proteins and polysaccharides. Due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxicity features, these biopolymers have been claimed to be beneficial in the development of food packaging materials. Several studies have thoroughly researched the extraction, isolation, and latent use of marine biopolymers in the fabrication of environmentally acceptable packaging. Thus, a review was designed to provide an overview of (a) the chemical composition, unique properties, and extraction methods of marine biopolymers; (b) the application of marine biopolymers in film and coating development for improved shelf-life of packaged foods; (c) production flaws and proposed solutions for better isolation of marine biopolymers; (d) methods of preparation of edible films and coatings from marine biopolymers; and (e) safety aspects. According to our review, these biopolymers would make a significant component of a biodegradable food packaging system, reducing the amount of plastic packaging used and resulting in considerable environmental and economic benefits.


2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Cristian VODNAR ◽  
Oana Lelia POP ◽  
Francisc Vasile DULF ◽  
Carmen SOCACIU

In this article, several applications of materials in food packaging and food safety are reviewed, including: polymers as high barrier packaging materials, natural substances as potent antimicrobial agents, and the efficiency of antimicrobial films in food industry. Active antimicrobial food packaging systems are supposed not only to passively protect food products against environmental factors, but also to inhibit or retard microbial growth on the food surface, extending the shelf life of products. Edible films can be incorporated into conventional food packaging systems with a dual purpose as an edible and antimicrobial component. Applications of antimicrobial films to fruits, vegetables and meat products have received increasing interest because films can serve as carriers for various natural antimicrobials that can maintain fresh quality, extend product shelf life and reduce the risk of pathogen growth. In the future, eco-friendly antimicrobial packaging films are promising food packaging materials because its biodegradability provides sustainable development for a modern community.In this article, several applications of materials in food packaging and food safety are reviewed, including: polymers as high barrier packaging materials, natural substances as potent antimicrobial agents, and the efficiency of antimicrobial films in food industry. Active antimicrobial food packaging systems are supposed not only to passively protect food products against environmental factors, but also to inhibit or retard microbial growth on the food surface, extending the shelf life of products. Edible films can be incorporated into conventional food packaging systems with a dual purpose as an edible and antimicrobial component. Applications of antimicrobial films to fruits, vegetables and meat products have received increasing interest because films can serve as carriers for various natural antimicrobials that can maintain fresh quality, extend product shelf life and reduce the risk of pathogen growth. In the future, eco-friendly antimicrobial packaging films are promising food packaging materials because its biodegradability provides sustainable development for modern community.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 4017
Author(s):  
Anjum Hamid Rather ◽  
Taha Umair Wani ◽  
Rumysa Saleem Khan ◽  
Bishweshwar Pant ◽  
Mira Park ◽  
...  

Essential oils prevent superbug formation, which is mainly caused by the continuous use of synthetic drugs. This is a significant threat to health, the environment, and food safety. Plant extracts in the form of essential oils are good enough to destroy pests and fight bacterial infections in animals and humans. In this review article, different essential oils containing polymeric nanofibers fabricated by electrospinning are reviewed. These nanofibers containing essential oils have shown applications in biomedical applications and as food-packaging materials. This approach of delivering essential oils in nanoformulations has attracted considerable attention in the scientific community due to its low price, a considerable ratio of surface area to volume, versatility, and high yield. It is observed that the resulting nanofibers possess antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Therefore, they can reduce the use of toxic synthetic drugs that are utilized in the cosmetics, medicine, and food industries. These nanofibers increase barrier properties against light, oxygen, and heat, thereby protecting and preserving the food from oxidative damage. Moreover, the nanofibers discussed are introduced with naturally derived chemical compounds in a controlled manner, which simultaneously prevents their degradation. The nanofibers loaded with different essential oils demonstrate an ability to increase the shelf-life of various food products while using them as active packaging materials.


Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
S. Suresh ◽  
C. Pushparaj ◽  
R. Subramani

In the past decades, most materials used in the food packaging industry are nonbiodegradable materials that pose increased environmental concerns and sustainability issues. Hence, polymer-based biodegradable materials and edible films have been developed to increase the shelf life of food products. Especially, biopolymer-based nanomaterials are engineered with multifunctional characteristics because of their size, surface area, shelf life, thermal stability, and mechanical and barrier strength. These materials display enriched properties of biodegradability, antimicrobial activity, and biocompatibility and may have the possibility to replace plastic materials in future. Thus, this review offers a brief overview of the classification of biopolymers, key parameters that are important in food packaging films (including the role of plasticizers, cross-linkers, pH, temperature, and relative humidity), and recent applications of novel biopolymer nanocomposite materials used in the food industries.


2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Oulahal ◽  
Pascal Degraeve

In recent years, the search for natural plant-based antimicrobial compounds as alternatives to some synthetic food preservatives or biocides has been stimulated by sanitary, environmental, regulatory, and marketing concerns. In this context, besides their established antioxidant activity, the antimicrobial activity of many plant phenolics deserved increased attention. Indeed, industries processing agricultural plants generate considerable quantities of phenolic-rich products and by-products, which could be valuable natural sources of natural antimicrobial molecules. Plant extracts containing volatile (e.g., essential oils) and non-volatile antimicrobial molecules can be distinguished. Plant essential oils are outside the scope of this review. This review will thus provide an overview of current knowledge regarding the promises and the limits of phenolic-rich plant extracts for food preservation and biofilm control on food-contacting surfaces. After a presentation of the major groups of antimicrobial plant phenolics, of their antimicrobial activity spectrum, and of the diversity of their mechanisms of action, their most promising sources will be reviewed. Since antimicrobial activity reduction often observed when comparing in vitro and in situ activities of plant phenolics has often been reported as a limit for their application, the effects of the composition and the microstructure of the matrices in which unwanted microorganisms are present (e.g., food and/or microbial biofilms) on their activity will be discussed. Then, the different strategies of delivery of antimicrobial phenolics to promote their activity in such matrices, such as their encapsulation or their association with edible coatings or food packaging materials are presented. The possibilities offered by encapsulation or association with polymers of packaging materials or coatings to increase the stability and ease of use of plant phenolics before their application, as well as to get systems for their controlled release are presented and discussed. Finally, the necessity to consider phenolic-rich antimicrobial plant extracts in combination with other factors consistently with hurdle technology principles will be discussed. For instance, several authors recently suggested that natural phenolic-rich extracts could not only extend the shelf-life of foods by controlling bacterial contamination, but could also coexist with probiotic lactic acid bacteria in food systems to provide enhanced health benefits to human.


2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-136
Author(s):  
C. O. Adetunji ◽  
O. B. Fawole ◽  
K. A. Arowora ◽  
J. B. Adetunji ◽  
A. B. Agbaje ◽  
...  

The use of conventional food packaging materials is usually effective in terms of barrier. On the other hand, their non‐biodegradability creates serious environmental problems, motivating researches on edible biopolymer films and coatings to at least partially replace synthetic polymers as food packaging materials. Chitosan is a biopolymer obtained by N‐deacetylation of chitin, which is the second most abundant polysaccharide on nature after cellulose. Chitosan forms clean, tough and flexible films with good oxygen barrier, which may be employed as packaging, particularly as edible films or coatings, enhancing shelf life of a diversity of food products. Chitosan films (CH) were plasticized with two hydrophilic compounds, namely, olive oil (CHOO) and vegetable oil (CHVO). Our objective was to investigate the effect of plasticizers on the quality and storability of oranges with chitosan films. The following parameters were measured: weight loss, ascorbic acid content, pH, and firmness. The stability of the plasticized films was observed by storage for 7weeks at ambient temperature of 25±2oC and relative humidity of 55‐67%. Prior to storage, the orange samples were surface sterilized using 100mg/L sodium hypochlorite. Results showed that chitosan films plasticized with two hydrophilic compounds was effective in extending the shelflife of orange when compared to untreated control in the following order: CHOO>CHVO>CH>Control.


2021 ◽  
Vol 004 (01) ◽  
pp. 022-029
Author(s):  
Dwi Ariyani ◽  
Niken Warastuti ◽  
Resti Arini

According to a survey by Nova Chemicals, Indonesia is the second largest contributor to sea waste after China, which is 1.29 million metric tons / year. At present there are still many people in Indonesia who throw garbage in any place, and can caused flooding in the river. The river is polluted with a lot of waste, one of which is the Citarum River. Citarum River is a river that is very important for residents of West Java. The condition of the Citarum River which is very alarming is polluted by waste and garbage. In the world's leading survey site, the Citarum River occupies the 4th position for the dirtiest river problem. The rubbish that pollutes the Citarum River is more inorganic or unbiodegradable, for example plastic, bottles or beverage cups, plastic food wrapping, and so on. As we know plastic waste is very difficult to decompose, it takes more than 100 years to decompose the plastic decomposed or decompose completely. Plastic waste is one source of environmental pollution in Indonesia. The benefits of using plastic products must be balanced with the calculation of the negative impact produced. The nature of this plastic material makes it difficult to replace it with other materials for various applications, especially in everyday life ranging from food packaging, household appliances, children's toys, electronics to automotive components. Increased use of plastic materials has resulted in increased production of plastic waste from year to year. The destruction of plastic waste by burning will only worsen the health because of the anti-dioxy substance produced. The most appropriate method used in dealing with waste is to use the Ecobrick method. The team of Pancasila University wanted to socialize how to make an ecobrick, and how strong the compressive on the ecobrick material was made. To overcome waste, especially plastic along the Citarum river. This socialization was held in Tanjung Mekar Village, Karawang Barat sub-district, Karawang Regency. The participants coming from the community of environmentalists (Eco Village). Community of eviromentalists hope will provide direction and socialization to their about the ecobrick method to deal with plastic waste that cannot be recycled. From the results of testing carried out at the Pancasila University concrete laboratory using ecobrick materials is plastic bottles filled with pure plastic, filled with sand, and a mixture of plastic and sand compared to red brick and concrete brick sold in the market, from the compressive strength test results it is known that the material ecobrick which contains of sand shows the greatest compressive strength value is 41.2 Mpa, compared to red brick which is 27 Mpa and concrete brick is 38 Mpa ecobrick has a higher compressive strength than other materials


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urmila Choudhary ◽  
Basant Kumar Bhinchhar ◽  
Vinod Kumar Paswan ◽  
Sheela Kharkwal ◽  
Satya Prakash Yadav ◽  
...  

Mostly, food packaging employs synthetic materials obtained from nonrenewable sources. These packaging materials are based on petrochemicals and cause substantial environmental problems by producing massive amounts of non-biodegradable solid wastes. Edible coatings and films are considered as the potential solution to these problems of non-biodegradable packaging solid wastes for maintaining food-environment interactions, retaining food quality, and extending shelf life. In addition, edible coatings and films offer prevention from microbial spoilage of packed foods by controlling moisture and gas barrier characteristics. Increasing environmental concerns and consumer demands for high-quality eco-friendly packaging have fueled the advancement of innovative packaging technologies, for instance, the development of biodegradable films from renewable agricultural and food processing industry wastes. Therefore, the current chapter presents the application of edible coatings and films as an alternative to conventional packaging, emphasizing the fundamental characterization that these biodegradable packaging should hold for specific applications such as food preservation and shelf life enhancement. The primary employed components (e.g., biopolymers, bioactive, and additives components), manufacturing processes (for edible films or coatings), and their application to specific foods have all been given special consideration in this chapter. Besides, a future vision for the use of edible films and coatings as quality indicators for perishable foods is presented.


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