scholarly journals The effect of salivarus on the immune response to Newcastle and Gumboro disease vaccines and on performance

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-145
Author(s):  
Ali A.H. Shalash ◽  
Ebtesam G. A. Al-Oubaidi
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Agar Gel ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Newcastle Disease Vaccine ◽  
Group 1

A total of 50 day - old broiler chicks were divided equally into two groups and treated with Lactobacillus salivarus (L S) as follow Group 1: given 3.2X108 cfu/ ml of LS in crop at day 1 of age. Group 2:Untreated control  The two groups were vaccinated against Newcastle disease vaccine (ND vac) Lasota strain at age 10, 21, and 35 days direct in the crop.  The groups were vaccinated in the crop against Gumboro vaccine (G vac) leukert strain at 5, 14 and 24 day of age.  Haemagglutination inhibition test was used and determine antibodies titer (Abt) of (ND vac) and the agar gel precipitating test to 19, 29 and 39 of the chick's age.  The result showed significant (p < 0.05) increase in Abt most of the weeks in the first group compared with second groups  The performance results showed significant (p < 0.05) increase in the weight, weight gain , feed consumption and feed conversion ratio for chicks treated with LS.  It was concluded that oral administration of Lactobacillus salivarus to day – old chicks has a beneficial effect on immune response to ND vac and G vac and on chick's performance.

scholarly journals Effect of Marjoram Supplementation on Growth Performance and Some Immunological Indices in Broilers

2020 ◽  
pp. 297-300
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Significant Elevation ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Origanum Majorana ◽  
Group 1

This study aimed to explore the effects of Marjoram (Origanum majorana L.), on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and immunity in broilers. A sixty of one-day-old Cobb broiler chicks were randomly divided into 2 groups; Chicks of group 1 were fed on basal diet considered as a control group, chicks of group 2 were fed on an experimental ration containing 2% marjoram. The results showed that the Marjoram significantly increase (P<0.05) some growth factors as bodyweight after 3rd, 4th and 5th weeks, weight gain at 3th and 5th weeks, also significantly improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) at 3rd, 5th weeks in comparison with the control group. Also, Marjoram supplementation at the level of 2% caused a significant elevation (P˂0.05) in gamma globulin, thus marjoram could be considered as an immunity enhancer for broilers. In conclusion, the present study proved that supplementation of the ration with Marjoram could improve growth performance and immunological state in broilers.

scholarly journals Effect of Adding Different Concentrations of Alcohol Extracted Ginger as Feed Supplementation on Some Productive Traits of Broiler Chicken Ross Strain

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Mohammed Jard Kadhim ◽  
Muhammed Rasheed Rmul
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
Group 2

        This study was conducted in the poultry field that belongs to Animal Production Techniques Department / Al musiab Technical College. To investigate the effect of alcohol extracted ginger supplementation in the diet on some productive traits of broiler chicken ross strain. Two hundred fifty unsexed broiler chicks were equally divided into the five groups, 50 chicks per group, 2 replicates per group (25 chicks per replicate). Chicks were fed on starter diet (1 day- 3 week) and final diet (4-6 week), diets supplemented with five ratios from alcohol extracted ginger (0, 150, 200, 250, 300 mg/kg), the first group was control but the other represented experimental groups. Results showed a significantly improve (P≤0.05) of average live body weight, weight gain, feed conversion ratio and dressing percentage in birds supplemented with alcohol extracted ginger as compared with control group at three and six weeks of birds age. As supplementation of alcohol extracted ginger had significantly (P≤0.05) decreased feed consumption and mortality ratio in experimental groups as compared with the control group.           It can be concluded that supplementation of alcohol extracted ginger to the diet had a positive effect to enhance productive traits of broiler chicken ross strain.

Effects of feeding Isomaltooligosaccharides on the growth performance, carcass traits and immune response of broiler chickens

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-157
Author(s):  
Khalid M. Gaafar
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Flu Vaccine ◽  
Lipids Profile

The research was conducted to study the effect of feeding broiler chickens on diets containing isomaltooligosaccharides on the growth performance, carcass traits and immune response. 90-one day old broiler chicks were used according to completely randomized two treatment groups and one control, 30 birds each. Birds fed ad-libitum on basal starter and grower-finisher diets for 35 day. Diets of treatment`s groups contained 0.5 g/Kg and 1 g/Kg of Isomaltooligosaccharides, while the control group fed on the basal diets without Isomaltooligosaccharides supplementation. Dietary supplementation of broiler chickens with Isomaltooligosaccharides improved body weight, feed conversion, carcass traits, two lymphoid organs weight and log antibody titer against avian flu vaccine. Most of the highest values were for birds fed low levels of Isomaltooligosaccharides. Feed intake decreases as Isomaltooligosaccharides level increases. Dietary supplementation with Isomaltooligosaccharides did not affect the lipids profile (triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL), however the blood VLDL levels decreased with increased levels of Malondialdehyde and Glutathione reductase. Collectively, Dietary supplementation of broiler chickens with 0.5 g/Kg diet of Isomaltooligosaccharides improved growth performance, carcass traits and immune status.

The use of antiviral drug based on technologically processed antibodies to interferon-γ, CD4 receptor and histamine in the treatment of influenza in adults: results of a multicenter open-label randomized comparative trial with oseltamivir

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-57
Author(s):  
K.V. Zhdanov ◽  
◽  
R.F. Khamitov ◽  
V.V. Rafalsky ◽  
M.P. Mikhaylusova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Virus Elimination ◽  
Antiviral Immune Response ◽  
Cd4 Receptor ◽  
Antiviral Efficacy ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective. A multicenter open-label randomized controlled clinical trial was aimed to compare the efficacy of the study drug (SD) containing technologically processed affinity purified antibodies (high dilutions) to IFN-γ, CD4 receptor and histamine (Ergoferon) with oseltamivir, and evaluate the influence of SD on the antiviral immune response in adults with seasonal influenza. Patients and methods. 184 outpatients aged 18–70 with confirmed influenza of mild/moderate severity were included and randomized into 2 groups (in a 1:1 ratio). Patients received SD (Group 1, n = 92) or oseltamivir (Group 2, n = 92), according to the instructions for medical use for 5 days. As the primary endpoint, the percentage of patients with recovery/improvement was assessed (according to the data of the patient's diary on days 2–7 and according to the clinical examination on days 3 and 7). Additionally, the duration and severity of influenza symptoms, the percentage of patients with virus elimination (according to RT-PCR of nasopharyngeal samples), the percentage of patients with complications, the percentage of patients prescribed antipyretic drugs, the change in concentration of T cell (IL-2, IL-18, IFN-γ) and B cell antigen-specific (IL-4, IL-16) immune response regulators in serum, the leukocyte phenotypes on days 1, 3 and 7 were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using a “Non-Inferiority” design (or no less efficiency/safety). Intention-to-Treat (ITT) analysis data are presented. Results. According to patients’ self-assessment, 53.3% of patients in Group 1 recovered/improved on the 6th day in the morning and 65.2% – in the evening (vs. 53.3% and 57.6% in Group 2, respectively). There were 73.9% recovered/ improved patients on the 7th day in the morning (vs. 67.4% in Group 2). A generalized analysis showed that the treatment results in both groups were comparable (p < 0.0001). According to objective medical examination, 79.3% of patients in the SD group and 74.0% of patients in the Оseltamivir group recovered/improved on the 7th day (p < 0.0001). The antiviral efficacy of SD was not inferior to oseltamivir, which was confirmed by comparable periods of virus elimination, duration and severity of fever and other influenza symptoms. A moderate activating effect of SD on the immune system was evaluated. A significant, compared to oseltamivir, increase in the concentration of IL-2 and IL-4 on the 3rd day of treatment (p = 0.03 and p = 0.04 vs. the oseltamivir group), and IFN-γ on the 3rd and the 7th days (p = 0.012 and p < 0.0001, respectively, vs. the oseltamivir group). No stimulating effect of SD on the growth and differentiation of immune cells was found. Conclusion. SD is effective and safe in the treatment of patients with influenza. The therapeutic and antiviral efficacy of SD is comparable to that of oseltamivir. The antiviral activity of SD affects the interferon system and the concentration of the cytokines IL-2 and IL-4, regulators of the T and B cell immune response. At the same time, there is no significant stimulation of interferon production with further development of hyporeactivity. Key words: influenza, oseltamivir, therapy, cytokines, Еrgoferon

scholarly journals Efficacy of exogenous phytase supplementation on production performance of commercial broiler

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
E Parvin ◽  
MA Khatun ◽  
T Yeasmin ◽  
MM Sharmin
Keyword(s):  
Basal Diet ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Diet Control

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of supplementing of exogenous phytase enzyme on productivity of commercial broilers. Four strains of commercial broiler such as Fast feather, Arbor acres, Cobb-500 and Hubbard classic each having 78 numbers were reared for a period of 5 weeks. A total number of 312 day old broiler chicks were distributed into two dietary treatments i.e. basal diet (Control-T0) and basal diet supplemented with phytase enzyme 1g/kg feed (supplemented-T1). The results indicated that broilers fed on diets supplemented with phytase have gained more body weight when compared with control group (P<0.05). The first and second highest body weights were recorded for the strains Cobb-500 and First feather broilers, respectively, which feed on diet containing phytase.   Feed consumption varied significantly between the broilers on different dietary regimes. Significant differences (P<0.01) were found in feed conversion ratios among the birds fed on diet with phytase enzyme. The lowest feed conversion ratio was in Cobb-500 fed on phytase diet where as the highest was in Fast Feather provided with only basal diet during the 5th week of age. Average feed conversion ratios were 1.73 and 1.86 for the supplemented and control group respectively. Use of phytase as feed additive in the diet resulted in high profitability/ broiler. Net profit per live broiler was the also higher in treatment group compared with control groups of birds. The highest net profit per live broiler was observed in Arbor Across strains fed on phytase diet. The result of the present study suggests that the addition of dietary phytase enzyme in the diet of broiler may increase the production performance and reduce the cost of production.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2016. 45 (3): 31-39

scholarly journals Effects of the Ratio of Dietary Fish Meal to Soybean Meal on the Performance of Broiler Chicks

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Nwe Nwe Htin ◽  
May Phyo Chit
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Dietary Fish

A completely randomized design (CRD) was used with a total of 160 day-old commercial broiler chicks which were randomly assigned to four treatment groups with five replicates into 20 pens and brooded. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. From day old chick to 21 day, the broiler chicks were fed Diet 1 (5% fish meal and 25% soybean meal, 1: 5), Diet 2 (3% fish meal and 30% soybean meal, 1: 10) was served as control diet, Diet 3 (2% fish meal and 30% soybean meal, 1: 15) and Diet 4 (1.5% fish meal and 30% soybean meal, 1: 20). From day 22 onwards, the broiler chicks were fed finisher diet, Diet 1 (5% fish meal and 25% soybean meal, 1: 5), Diet 2 (2.6% fish meal and 26% soybean meal, 1: 10, serve as control diet, Diet 3 (1.8% fish meal and 27% soybean meal, 1: 15) and Diet 4 (1.3% fish meal and 26% soybean meal, 1: 20). Weekly performances and mortality are measured. By feeding FS5 diet (5% fish meal and 25% soybean meal), the heavier body weight, increased feed consumption and feed conversion ratio of broiler chicks was observed when compared to that of other treatment groups. Conclusively, it is obvious that the ratio of dietary fish meal to soybean meal 1: 5 (FS5) improved body weight but the lower feed efficiency of this diet should be considered in economical point of view.

CMV Immunity Status in Older (>50 Years Old) Subjects after Non-Myeloablative or Reduced Intensity Regimen for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT): A Comparison with a Younger Cohort after Ablative HCT.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 3246-3246
Author(s):  
Ghislaine Gallez-Hawkins ◽  
Lia Thao ◽  
Simon F. Lacey2 ◽  
Joybelle Martinez ◽  
Anne E. Franck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Cd8 Cells ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Reduced Intensity ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Immunity declines with age as demonstrated by cell-mediated and humoral responses to alloantigens. The susceptibility of these elderly subjects to endogenous virus infection, such as human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) reactivation, is a particular concern during the process of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) and immune reconstitution. In this report, the host contribution to stem cell engraftment and differentiation was evaluated by comparing the HCMV immune response in older subjects (&gt; 50 y.o.) to a younger (&lt; 50 y.o.) transplant population. This was a retrospective analysis of a subset of data collected prospectively and with IRB approval for characterization of the CMV immune response of allogeneic transplant patients. Within the dataset, two groups of patients were compared. Group 1 consisted of 10 patients &gt;50 y.o. who had received reduced intensity or non-myeloablative conditioning regimen, and Group 2 consisted of 13 patients &lt;50 y.o., most of whom had received a myeloablative regimen. Because 9 of 10 in Group 1 had had CMV reactivation, Group 2 was selected from the subset of younger patients with known post-transplant CMV infection. CMV infection was defined as either a positive CMV blood culture using shell vial assay or a positive CMV PCR on plasma. Subjects were assessed on days 40, 90, 120, 150, 180, and 360 post-HCT by CMV-specific tetramer-binding assay using CD8 cells, assays for intracellular INF-g response of CD4 and CD8 cells, and a T-cell receptor excision circle (TREC) assay. There were no significant differences observed in the CD4+/IFN-g+ cell responses to CMV antigen nor were the rates of activated CD4+/CD69+/IFN-g+ cells different between the groups. Group 1 was also characterized by a robust CD8+/IFN-g+ response to HLA-specific CMV peptides, and all subjects had ≥ 2cells/μl by day 150 post-HCT. The frequency of CMV tetramer positive cells (≥ 2cells/μl) was 50% in Group 1 by day 90 post-HCT and was not statistically different from Group 2. The T cell renewal in the thymus as measured by the TREC spanned over 0 -- 92 copies/μg of total cellular DNA in Group 1 and from 0 – 129 copies/μg in Group 2 during the first year post-HCT (n.s.). In conclusion, CMV immune reconstitution in older transplant subjects, who undergo a reduced intensity or non-myeloablative regimen, is robust and, in this small sampling, did not differ from that observed in a younger adult group.

scholarly journals Compensatory growth in broiler chicks fed on Lemna gibba

1992 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Haustein ◽  
R. H. Gilman ◽  
P. W. Skillicorn ◽  
V. Guevara ◽  
F. Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Lemna Gibba ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
High Concentrations

The growth of broiler chickens on diets containing various levels of Lemna gibba was evaluated. Groups of broiler chicks were fed on diets containing 0-400 g Lemna gibba/kg for 3 weeks. These chickens were then changed to standard diets for a further 2 weeks. As the level of Lemna gibba increased, feed consumption and weight gain decreased. However, when diets were changed to the standard diet, compensatory growth was observed. In a second experiment, diets were formulated with a metabolizable energy of 5.02 MJ (1200 kcal)/kg Lemna gibba and included a finer-milled Lemna gibba. Chickens were fed on diets containing 0-300 g Lemna gibba/kg for 4 weeks. Each group was then divided into two subgroups. For the next 2 weeks one of these sub-groups was maintained on the experimental (Lemna gibba) diets (LL), while the other sub-group was changed to a standard diet (LS). Bird fed at levels above 150 g Lemna gibba/kg had decreased consumption and weight gain. These birds when changed to a standard diet tended to have increased weight gain compared with chickens continuously fed standard rations. LS birds had significantly higher weight gains and feed consumption and lower feed conversion than LL birds. In contrast to older birds, chicks fed on Lemna gibba at high concentrations showed growth retardation. When changed back to a standard diet they demonstrated normal or compensatory growth.

scholarly journals Histopathological changes of some internal organs in broilers fed T-2 Toxin

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Shereen K. K.
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Bursa Of Fabricius ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Microscopical Examination ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Forty, one-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308), were randomly distributed at one day of age to 2 experimental groups consisting of 10 birds with two replicates for 35 days. Group 1 fed control diet with no T-2 toxin (negative control),while group 2 fed T-2 toxin contaminated diet at a rate of 4 ppm. Scarifying birds done at the end of the experiment, bursa of Fabricius, spleen, liver, kidney and intestine, were sectioned for microscopical examination . Results showed that T-2 toxin, was hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, toxic to lymphatic tissue, haemopoetic tissue, and gastrointestinal tissues. And these organs are considered to be the target organs for T-2 toxin which primarily affected during T-2 toxicosis.

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