scholarly journals Recent Input-Output Price Policy in Pakistan's Agriculture: Effects on Producers and Consumers

1995 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
M. Ghaffar Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Price Policy ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Output Price ◽  
Resource Transfers ◽  
Water Rate ◽  
The Government ◽  
Agricultural Input ◽  
The Impact

The paper analyses the impact of the input-output price policy in agriculture on producers and consumers. Trends in prices cause immense resource transfers from agriculture. with adverse consequences for investment, output, employment, and income distribution. To the extent that these transfers accrue to industrialists and the government, the poorest benefit the least. These deleterious effects can be minimised by assured world prices for agriculture and restoration of true competition in agricultural commodity and input marlcets. In agricultural input marlcets, elimination of corruption; excessive profiteering and overstaffing should serve as the basis of a cost reduction strategyand removal of input subsidies. In the specific case of irrigation water, equitable distribution, compatibility of water rate assessment and water supply bases, and elimination of overstaffing are the prime issues deserving immediate government attention.

scholarly journals Analysis of the competitiveness of rice farming and its implications on Input-Output price policy scenario of rice in Jambi Province - Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-368
Author(s):  
Saad Murdy ◽  
Saidin Nainggolan ◽  
Sri Rezeki. R Sihombing
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Price Policy ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Output Price ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Policy Analysis Matrix ◽  
Input Prices

The research objectives are: 1). to analyze the levels of private and social profitability of rice farming, 2). to analyze comparative advantage and competitive advantage rice farming, 3).to analyze the impact of input = output price policy on the competitiveness of rice farming. The study was conducted in rice production centers in the province of Jambi, named Kerinci, Sarolangun, Bungo and Tanjung Jabung Barat determined purposively. The sample size was 314 farmers with methods of Simple Random Sampling. Methods of data analysis used the Policy Analysis Matrix approach (PAM). The results showed that rice farming has high competitiveness. The increase in production input prices does not affect the declining competitiveness. The increase in the price of rice paddy resulted in more and more advantages.  

Agricultural Intensification Response to Agricultural Input Subsidies in Tanzania: A Spatial-Temporal and Gender Perspective, 2002–15

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elibariki E. Msuya ◽  
Aida Cuthbert Isinika ◽  
Fred Mawunyo Dzanku
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Intensification ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Agricultural Subsidies ◽  
Resource Endowment ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Agricultural Input ◽  
The Impact

In Tanzania, structural adjustment policies implemented during the 1980s removed all agricultural subsidies. However, declining productivity and production of maize and rice—the main food crops—forced the government to restore subsidies in 2003. This chapter examines the impact of the agricultural input subsidy programme, looking at farmers’ response to subsidized inorganic fertilizer and improved maize and rice seed—discerning gender and temporal impacts. Farmers in Iringa and Morogoro were highly responsive to the fertilizer and seed components of the input subsidy, and their response was sensitive to the magnitude of the subsidy. Farmers in Morogoro were less responsive to both technologies due to dominance of rice production. Adoption was lower for female-managed farms, with corresponding lower livelihood outcomes, attributed to lower resource endowment. It is therefore recommended that underperforming farmers, including female farm manages in lower wealth ranks, required initiative to improve their productivity and production.

Innovation and firm growth in agricultural inputs industry: empirical evidence from India

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manogna R L
Keyword(s):  
Firm Growth ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Government ◽  
Agricultural Input ◽  
Methods Of Moments ◽  
The Impact

PurposeInnovation strategy and its outcomes may be different for agricultural input firms in developing countries than those operating in developed countries; hence, a study of developing economy should be an important addition to the literature which has earlier focussed mainly on developed countries. Indian firms which were previously catering to domestic demand are now the exporters of major agricultural machinery such as tractors and pesticides.Design/methodology/approachRapid growth in demand for the agricultural inputs and improvement in technology implementations have led us to study the performance and transformation of these input industries. An empirical analysis was performed on the listed agricultural input firms during 2001–2019 to investigate the relationship between the R&D efforts and growth of firms in the seed, pesticide, fertiliser and agricultural machinery industries using the system-generalised methods of moments (GMM) technique on the panel of 1,320 firm-year observations.FindingsThe findings reveal that investments in innovations have a positive and lagged effect on the growth of firms in the Indian agricultural inputs industry. A further analysis reveals that younger firms grow faster when they invest in R&D. More specifically, the author finds evidence in the case of the agricultural inputs industry that import of raw materials negatively affects the firms' growth (FG) and export intensity (EI) positively affects the growth in the case of R&D firms. Investments in R&D are also seen to enable firms to reap benefits from externalities present in the industry.Research limitations/implicationsThis study suggests that the government should encourage the industries to invest optimally in R&D projects by providing favourable fiscal treatments and R&D subsidies which are observed to have positive effects in various developed countries.Originality/valueThere are very few studies that have explored the impact of R&D expenditure on the firm performance in agricultural inputs industry, especially in an emerging economy context like India.

scholarly journals Agricultural input subsidy and farmers outcomes in Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethuel Kinyanjui Kinuthia
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
Panel Fixed Effects ◽  
Agricultural Input ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the impact of the government input subsidy—the National Agriculture Input Voucher—on farmers’ production and welfare in Tanzania as well as the factors that influence agricultural production in the country. The analysis is based on the Living Standards Measurement Study-Integrated Surveys on Agriculture for 2008–13. The study uses panel fixed effects and difference-in-difference and propensity score matching methods to examine the two objectives. The results show that the input subsidy programme resulted in an initial increase in maize and rice production but not in the long run and only in a few regions. In addition, there was a decrease in total production in the southern region and the programme had little effect on farmers’ welfare. The results show that this programme only partly met the expected outcomes in Tanzania due to mistargeting, inaccurate identification of households, and poor implementation.

scholarly journals Competitiveness Sensitivity of Oil Palm Farming on Suboptimal Land at Musi Rawas Residence

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Verry Yarda Ningsih ◽  
Nenny Wahyuni ◽  
Nila Suryati ◽  
Noviyanto Noviyanto ◽  
Heriyanto Heriyanto
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Input Price ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Output Price ◽  
The Impact

Palm oil is an edible vegetable oil derived from the mesocarp (reddish pulp) of the fruit of the oil palm, primarily the African oil palm Elaeis guineensis. Oil palm is one of agriculture comodity that can increase farmers income, provide raw material on manufacture industry which can create added value.  The expansion of oil palm farming in Indonesia has shifted the use of mineral land to suboptimal land which is currently available in many place in Indonesia. Generally the aim of this research is to anylize the competitiveness sensitivity of oil palm farming. Specifically this research wants to anylize the sensitivity on input-output changing, and to anylize the impact of government policy on input-output when facing fluctuation price. In order to reach the goal of this research we used Policy Anlayisis Matrix (PAM). The result of this research shows that partially the declining of price, declining of output volume and increasing input price PCR value and DRCR < 1, which means that the oil palm farming on suboptimal land has competitivenes, and the absence of government policy on determaining input price nor output price on oil palm farming in at suboptimal land. While simultanously shows that the fluctuation of input and output price causes value of PCR dan DRCR  > 1 with PCR value 1,12 and DRCR value 1,04, means that oil palm farming on suboptimal land at Musi Rawas Regency not feasible and has no competitiveness.  It means that government policy needed to protect input price in oil palm farming on suboptimal land.  Therefore government support and guidence in oil palm farming technology on suboptimal land also needed to increase the production of oil palm farming on suboptimal land.

scholarly journals Anchor Borrower Programme on Agricultural Commodity Price and Employment Generation in Kebbi State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
Saheed Zakaree S. ◽  
Alexander A.A. ◽  
Isa Abdulmumin A. ◽  
Adeneye O.A.
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Commodity Price ◽  
Periodic Review ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Employment Generation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Low investment in the agricultural sector, as well as problem of financing are among the major challenges hindering farmers in the rural areas engaging in mechanized farming that might increase food supply, and thereby checking the agricultural commodity prices, and possibly creating more job opportunity in the agricultural sector. In an effort to meet the food supply for the growing population of the country, the government introduced various policies aimed at achieving self-sufficiency in basic food supply, among these policies is the Anchor Borrower Programme. This study examines the impact of Anchor Borrower Program on agricultural commodity price and employment generation in Kebbi state, Nigeria. Data were collected through interview and structured questionnaire administered to a sample of 400 farmers in Argungu L.G.A, of which 360 questionnaire were correctly filled and returned. A multiple regression analysis was used to analyse the data. The results reveal that Anchor Borrower Programmes (ABP) supports for farmer have a positive and statistically significant impact on agricultural commodity price (ACP) and employment generation (EMPG) in agricultural sector in Kebbi state, particularly in Argungu LGA. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that anchor borrower programme policy in Nigeria should be encouraged and subjected to periodic review so as to provide more platforms for employment generation and stabilize agricultural commodity price in Kebbi state, particularly in Argungu LGA.

scholarly journals PERAN SEKTOR PERTANIAN TERHADAP KINERJA PEREKONOMIAN NASIONAL

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
R. Pramono Soedomo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Model Classification ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The agricultural sector has an important role in the Indonesian economy, it is considering Indonesia as an agricultural country where most of the population work in agriculture. Therefore the necessary support from the government to develop the agricultural sector. This study aims to analyze the impact of government expenditure in the agricultural sector on the performance of the Indonesian economy. The methodology used is the 2005 Input-Output Model classification of nine sectors.Results showed that the index of agricultural output multiplier greater than one indicating that the agricultural sector has a crucial role in the Indonesian economy. Furthermore, simulation results indicate that the impact of increasing government expenditure in the agricultural sector resulting in increased output, income and employment is a sector with the largest employment creation figures.Compared with other sectors, the agricultural sector contributes the largest output. Therefore we need the support and greater attention from the government to ensure the sustainability of the agricultural sector for sustainable economic development..

scholarly journals Futures Trading in Agricultural Commodities: Effects of the Ban on Selected Commodities in India

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Cledwyn Primus Savio Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Common Element ◽  
Commodity Market ◽  
Agricultural Commodities ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Futures Trading ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Commodity Derivatives ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The commodity market is one of the emerging markets in today‟s economy. Given that inflation is increasing alarmingly and the emergence of risk in all activities, the commodity market has a phenomenal contribution to the overall economy of India. The following paper – Futures Trading in Agricultural Commodities: Effects of the ban on selected commodities in India shall focus on the impact of hedging (risk management) and price discovery, which are two major aspects under the agricultural commodity market. Secondary data from two main sources namely the Multi Commodity Exchange Market and National Commodity Derivatives Exchange were used for analysis. The ban on futures trading under agricultural commodities that was implemented by the Government of India shall be dealt with specifically taking seven commodities – Wheat, Rice, Sugar, Chickpea, Potato, Rubber and Guar Seeds. The common element between all these commodities is that they were all banned from futures trading at some point of time or the other. An analysis using econometric and statistical tools shall be performed to check whether there exists any sort of relationship between the ban and the prevailing inflation in the economy and also the correlation between the prices before and after ban. This is purely an explanatory study wherein the strategies for buyers and sellers in the futures market will also be discussed.Keywords: Hedging, ban, futures trading, inflation

scholarly journals Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dan Perdagangan Komoditas Pertanian di Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 950-961
Author(s):  
Fitria Sadiyah ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
High Price ◽  
Stock Management ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
The Government ◽  
Food Commodities ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to analyze economic growth in Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic by using the growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) with a comparison of the previous year in the same quarter (y-on-y) and also a comparison with the previous quarter (q-to-y). q). The second objective of this research is to analyze price disparities, price fluctuations, and the trade balance of agricultural commodities. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis. The results of this study explain that economic growth in Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic has decreased, starting from the second quarter of 2020 to the first quarter of 2021. Meanwhile, the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in the agricultural commodity trading sector, namely the existence of a high price disparity reaching above 50% in several commodities such as chicken meat, red chili, beef, and shallots. However, there is price stability for rice, chicken eggs, cooking oil, and sugar commodities. In the trade balance during the Covid-19 pandemic, there was a deficit of 14 thousand tons for beef/buffalo commodities in the January-May 2021 period, while other staple food commodities experienced a surplus. To overcome the problems of trade and economic growth in the agricultural sector, the government should integrate the main market network, improve stock management and logistics, and increase production

Contribution of ICT Sector to Vietnamese Economy: An Input-Output Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (5E) ◽  
Author(s):  
Đức Thị Việt Đặng
Keyword(s):  
Total Output ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Output Analysis ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Input Output Analysis ◽  
The Government ◽  
Ict Industry ◽  
Backward Linkages ◽  
The Impact

This article uses Input-output (IO) analysis to evaluate the impact of ICT on the Vietnamese economy. Two IO tables are used, including tables of 2007 and 2012. The results show that ICT sectors were small in Vietnamese economy and the spending on ICT products and services of an average sector of the economy was generally low. Regarding the impact on output of other sectors, the research results reveal that the ICT sectors' backward linkages were stronger than the forward linkages, i.e. the ICT generated more impact on sectors which provided it input rather than on sectors that used its products and services. The total output multiplying effect of the ICT was rather high; ICT was among the most influential sectors in Vietnamese economy. Among ICT sectors, the ICT manufacturing was the most pervasive which is followed by the ICT services and ICT media and content. The study implies that if Vietnam seeks to enhance the economy, the government needs to implement specific policies that facilitate ICT industry and ICT usage.

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