scholarly journals Effect of the Socioeconomic Characteristics of Borrowers on Microcredit Repayment Behaviour: An Application to a Category II Microfinance Institution in Cameroon

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. p47
Author(s):  
Ntieche Adamou ◽  
Forbeneh Agha Jude ◽  
Mbondo Georges Dieudonné ◽  
Bilguissou Abba
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Financial Indicators ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Risk Models ◽  
Loan Contracts ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
The Social ◽  
Microfinance Institution

The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of socioeconomic characteristics of borrowers on microcredit repayment behaviour. The results of Probit regression statistical analysis using a database of 1805 individual loan contracts, credit records and follow-up files from 2007 to 2014 period by Community Credit of Africa (CCA) in Cameroon, reveal that educational level, awareness about the location of business and/or home of borrowers by the lender, sector of activities, availability of collateral, income stability, and personal wealth of borrowers have a statistically significant influence on microcredit repayment behaviour of borrowers. The outcome of the results shows that microfinance institutions should not only rely on financial indicators to assess the creditworthiness of borrowers. Other factors belonging to the social and economic characteristics of the borrowers are supposed to be integrated in credit risk models. These factors are sought to influence significantly microcredit repayment behaviour of borrowers.

scholarly journals Reciprocity between financials and Social Performance in Microfinance Institutions: Transparency and Ownership Structure used as Moderating Variables

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-236
Author(s):  
Saifullah Shakir ◽  
Ghulam Abbas ◽  
Rashid Hayat ◽  
Mohsin Ali ◽  
Muhammad Kamran
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Women Empowerment ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Moderating Variables ◽  
The Social ◽  
Microfinance Institution

The objective is to check performance of microfinance loan in context of social performance and its various dimensions i.e health, education, clean water and women empowerment. Likewise study also test moderating effect of loan transparency and ownership structure between micro-finance loan and social performance. The survey-based approach was used with a sample size of 350. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaires from the client of a microfinance institution in a different region of Sindh. In response 273 completed questionnaires were received from respondent and response rate was 78%. Among those 273 questionnaires, 19 were unengaged responses so were considered unsuitable for analysis and reaming 254 questionnaire were used for data analysis. The Smart PLS Technique was used for data estimation in this study. Findings of the existing study portrays significant impact of microfinance loan on social performance as well as on its various dimensions i.e Health, Education, Clean Water and women empowerment. The moderating impact of transparency is positively significant in social performance, and the moderating impact of ownership structure in social performance is showing negative significant impact. The result of this study can lead to significant contributions and provide a better understanding and influence of transparency and ownership structure on the social performance of microfinance loans as well as dimensions of social performance. Financial sources of micro finance loan would be beneficial for poor people, micro enterprise and epically for empowerment of women in emerging economy. Micro finance institutions should control in interest rate and create an awareness regarding utilization of loan and timely repayment among their customers.

scholarly journals Development of Islamic Microfinance Institutions with Social Capital Mechanism: A Case Study on BMT Tumang, Boyolali

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 01009
Author(s):  
Okta Hadi Nurcahyono ◽  
Ghufronudin
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Professional Service ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Microfinance Institution ◽  
Islamic Microfinance

The increasing public interest in sharia-based (non-ribawi) transaction and finance encourages the growth and development of Tumang Baitul Maal wat Tamwil (BMT) as an alternative sharia-based microfinance institution. This article is the result of research aiming to analyze the role of social capital in the development of Islamic microfinance institutions at the Tumang BMT, Boyolali. This research is a qualitative research with a case study approach. The unit of analysis of this study is that Tumang BMT stakeholders were selected by purposive sampling. The techniques of collecting data used were observation, indepth interviews and documentation. Data validation was carried out using source triangulation, and then data analysis was conducted using an interactive model. The results showed that social capital played a significant role in the growth and development of Tumang BMT’s existence in the community. The theoretical analysis used in this paper was Robert Putnam’s social capital approach. In his book “Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy (1993), Putnam defines social capital as the ’features of social organizations, such as networks, norms, and trust that facilitate coordination and co-operation for mutual benefits. The social capital owned by Tumang BMT includes norms based on Islamic principles that are embedded into members and customers. The members and the community’s trust grows through the implementation of principles of corporate good governance (GCG) trust, reflected on the professional service to the community. Reciprocity between BMT and the community could be accomplished through providing financial assistance and sponsorship to various events. Networking (networking) is created through “celengan bumbung’ system, Angkat Telepon Moro (ATM), Membangun Keluarga Utama (MKU), organizing football competitions and scholarship programs.

Re-Increased Male Suicide Rates in the Recovery Phase Following the Great East Japan Earthquake

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 422-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatsugu Orui
Keyword(s):  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
Great East Japan Earthquake ◽  
Temporary Housing ◽  
Period Analysis ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Male Suicide ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference

Abstract. Background: Monitoring of suicide rates in the recovery phase following a devastating disaster has been limited. Aim: We report on a 7-year follow-up of the suicide rates in the area affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake, which occurred in March 2011. Method: This descriptive study covered the period from March 2009 to February 2018. Period analysis was used to divide the 108-month study period into nine segments, in which suicide rates were compared with national averages using Poisson distribution. Results: Male suicide rates in the affected area from March 2013 to February 2014 increased to a level higher than the national average. After subsequently dropping, the male rates from March 2016 to February 2018 re-increased and showed a greater difference compared with the national averages. The difference became significant in the period from March 2017 to February 2018 ( p = .047). Limitations: Specific reasons for increasing the rates in the recovery phase were not determined. Conclusion: The termination of the provision of free temporary housing might be influential in this context. Provision of temporary housing was terminated from 2016, which increased economic hardship among needy evacuees. Furthermore, disruption of the social connectedness in the temporary housing may have had an influence. Our findings suggest the necessity of suicide rate monitoring even in the recovery phase.

Listening to the Voices of Individuals with Disabilities

1998 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen French Gilson ◽  
John C. Bricout ◽  
Frank R. Baskind
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Social Work Practice ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Individuals With Disabilities ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
The Social

Social work literature, research, and practice on disabilities has lagged behind other topical areas dealing with oppressed groups. The social work literature remains “expert focused” and generally fragmented into discussions of specific disabilities or subpopulations. A viable general model that deals with the personal experience of disability is not available. This exploratory study presents a social work literature search and analysis as well as interviews with six individuals with disabilities about their experiences with social workers. Individuals with disabilities assert that they were treated as though they had categorically fewer aspirations, abilities, and perhaps even fundamental rights than did nondisabled people. This study provides a base for follow-up research on models of consumer-focused social work practice in the area of disability.

AKIBAT HUKUM PENDIRIAN LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO OLEH BADAN HUKUM KOPERASI

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
Zakiah Noer
Keyword(s):  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Microfinance Institution ◽  
Legal Consequences ◽  
Year 2013

This research is underlined by the existence of cooperative business activities which collect and distribute funds over its members, and also to its non-members. In order to avoid the violation of the provisions in Act No. 25 Year 1992 about Cooperatives, cooperative has established a microfinance institution (MFI) which called as Cooperative MFI. The establishment of microfinance institutions causes the legal consequences on several aspects because of the different regulations between Cooperative and MFI according Act No. 25 Year 1992 about Cooperatives and Act No.1 Year 2013 about Microfinance Institutions

scholarly journals Social Study Resources and Social Wellbeing Before and During the Intelligent COVID-19 Lockdown in The Netherlands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Llewellyn Ellardus van Zyl
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
University Students ◽  
Social Study ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
Social Wellbeing ◽  
Latent Growth Modelling ◽  
The Social ◽  
Rate Of Decline

AbstractThe first intelligent COVID-19 lockdown resulted in radical changes within the tertiary educational system within the Netherlands. These changes posed new challenges for university students and many social welfare agencies have warned that it could have adverse effects on the social wellbeing (SWB) of university students. Students may lack the necessary social study-related resources (peer- and lecturer support) (SSR) necessary to aid them in coping with the new demands that the lockdown may bring. As such, the present study aimed to investigate the trajectory patterns, rate of change and longitudinal associations between SSR and SWB of 175 Dutch students before and during the COVID-19 lockdown. A piecewise latent growth modelling approach was employed to sample students’ experiences over three months. Participants to complete a battery of psychometric assessments for five weeks before the COVID-19 lockdown was implemented, followed by two directly after and a month follow-up. The results were paradoxical and contradicting to initial expectations. Where SSR showed a linear rate of decline before- and significant growth trajectory during the lockdown, SWB remained moderate and stable. Further, initial levels and growth trajectories between SSR and SWB were only associated before the lockdown.

scholarly journals Risk assessment in precapillary pulmonary hypertension: a comparative analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Sonnweber ◽  
Eva-Maria Schneider ◽  
Manfred Nairz ◽  
Igor Theurl ◽  
Günter Weiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Risk Models ◽  
Non Invasive

Abstract Background Risk stratification is essential to assess mortality risk and guide treatment in patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH). We herein compared the accuracy of different currently used PH risk stratification tools and evaluated the significance of particular risk parameters. Methods We conducted a retrospective longitudinal observational cohort study evaluating seven different risk assessment approaches according to the current PH guidelines. A comprehensive assessment including multi-parametric risk stratification was performed at baseline and 4 yearly follow-up time-points. Multi-step Cox hazard analysis was used to analyse and refine risk prediction. Results Various available risk models effectively predicted mortality in patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertension. Right-heart catheter parameters were not essential for risk prediction. Contrary, non-invasive follow-up re-evaluations significantly improved the accuracy of risk estimations. A lack of accuracy of various risk models was found in the intermediate- and high-risk classes. For these patients, an additional evaluation step including assessment of age and right atrium area improved risk prediction significantly. Discussion Currently used abbreviated versions of the ESC/ERS risk assessment tool, as well as the REVEAL 2.0 and REVEAL Lite 2 based risk stratification, lack accuracy to predict mortality in intermediate- and high-risk precapillary pulmonary hypertension patients. An expanded non-invasive evaluation improves mortality risk prediction in these individuals.

scholarly journals Narratives of Change: Identity and Recognition Dynamics in the Process of Moving Away From a Life Dominated by Drug Use

2021 ◽  
pp. 009145092110270
Author(s):  
Inger Eide Robertson ◽  
Hildegunn Sagvaag ◽  
Lillian Bruland Selseng ◽  
Sverre Nesvaag
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Positive Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Changing Practices ◽  
Struggle For Recognition ◽  
Depth Interviews

The concepts of identity and recovery capital are recognized as being an embedded part of moving away from a life dominated by drug use. However, the link between these two concepts and the effect of broader social structures, and the normative assumptions underpinning the condition of recovery, is less explored. This article focuses on the social practices of everyday life in the foreground of identity formation, meaning that “who I am” is an inseparable part of “what I do.” A narrative approach was employed to analyze qualitative follow-up data extracted from 48 in-depth interviews with 17 males and females with drug-using experience that were conducted posttreatment on three separate occasions over a period of 2.5 years. Theories of identity formation were employed to analyze the interdependent dynamic between social structure, persona and social resources, and way of life and identity. The analyses identified four narratives related to how people present themselves through the process of changing practices. Following the work of Honneth, we argue that the positive identity formation revealed in these narratives is best understood as a struggle for recognition via the principle of achievement. However, the participants’ self-narratives reflected cultural stories—specified as formula stories—of “normality,” “addiction,” and the “addict,” which work into the concepts of self and confine options of storying experiences during the recovery process. This study demonstrate that the process of recovery is culturally embedded and constitutes a process of adaption to conventional social positions and roles. We suggest challenging dominant discourses related to “addiction as a disease” and “normality” in order to prevent stigma related to drug use and recovery. In so doing, it may contribute to broaden conditions for identity (trans)formation for people in recovery.

scholarly journals Serum BCMA levels predict outcomes in MGUS and smoldering myeloma patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Visram ◽  
C. Soof ◽  
S. V. Rajkumar ◽  
S. K. Kumar ◽  
S. Bujarski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Gammopathy ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Risk Models ◽  
Independent Validation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Progression ◽  
Paired Serum ◽  
Smoldering Myeloma ◽  
Undetermined Significance

AbstractSoluble BCMA (sBCMA) levels are elevated in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM). However, the association between sBCMA levels and prognosis in MGUS and SMM has not been studied. We retrospectively analyzed sBCMA levels in stored samples from 99 MGUS and 184 SMM patients. Baseline sBCMA levels were significantly higher in MGUS and SMM patients progressing to MM during clinical follow up. When stratified according to the median baseline sBCMA level for each cohort, higher levels were associated with a shorter PFS for MGUS (HR 3.44 comparing sBCMA ≥77 vs <77 ng/mL [95% CI 2.07–5.73, p < 0.001] and SMM (HR 2.0 comparing sBCMA ≥128 vs <128 ng/mL, 95% 1.45–2.76, p < 0.001) patients. The effect of sBCMA on PFS was similar even after adjusting for the baseline MGUS or SMM risk stratification. We evaluated paired serum samples and found that sBCMA increased significantly in MGUS and SMM patients who eventually progressed to MM, whereas among MGUS non-progressors the sBCMA level remained stable. While our results require independent validation, they suggest that sBCMA may be a useful biomarker to identify MGUS and SMM patients at increased risk of progression to MM independent of the established risk models.

How Snowden’s revelations have influenced youngsters’ attitude and behaviour in the PRC and Taiwan

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-231
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi Murata ◽  
Yasunori Fukuta ◽  
Andrew A. Adams ◽  
Dang Ronghua
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Studying Abroad ◽  
The Social ◽  
State Surveillance ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys

Purpose This study aims to investigate how Snowden’s revelations are viewed by young people in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and Taiwan through questionnaire surveys of and follow-up interviews with university students in the two countries, taking into account the histories and current status of state surveillance in these countries and the current complicated and delicate cross-strait relationships. Design/methodology/approach Questionnaire surveys of 315 PRC and 111 Taiwanese university students (a majority studying in those places but a few studying abroad) and semi-structured follow-up interviews with 16 master’s course students from the PRC and one from Taiwan (all studying at Meiji University in Japan) were conducted, in addition to reviews of the literature on privacy and state surveillance in the PRC and Taiwan. The outcomes of the survey were statistically analysed and qualitative analyses of the interview results were also performed. Findings Youngsters living in the PRC had greater interest in and more knowledge about Snowden’s revelations than those living in Taiwan, and the revelations were positively evaluated in both countries as serving public interest. However, PRC students indicated they were less likely to emulate Snowden than those from Taiwan did. Originality/value This study is the first attempt to investigate the social impact of Snowden’s revelations on PRC and Taiwanese youngsters’ attitudes towards privacy and state surveillance as part of cross-cultural analyses between eight countries.

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