scholarly journals Prevalence of post-operative anaemia in surgical patients at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-223
Author(s):  
Kalio DGB ◽  
Eli S ◽  
Okagua KE ◽  
Allagoa DO
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
World Health ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
State University ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Work Up

Background: Post-operative anaemia is often a reflection of pre-operative pre-operative work-up and pre-operative anaemia. In addition. Post-operative anaemia is also determined by co-morbidities of patients prior to surgery. The prevalence of post-operative anaemia varies based on surgical specialties and the experience of the surgeon; prevalence rates as high as 85% have been recorded in orthopaedic surgeries. Aim: To determine the prevalence of post-operative anaemic in surgical patients at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH). Method: This was a six months cross sectional study of the post-operative anaemia of patients who had operation at the Surgery and Obstetrics/Gyaecology departments of The Rivers State University Teaching Hospital. The permission for the study was granted by the head of department of obstetrics and gynaecology in conjunction with the head of .the hospital management. The yard stick for anaemia was packed cell volume less than 33% in line with the World Health Organization (WHO). A structured proforma was used to obtain information from patient’s case notes and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Result: Three hundred and eigthy subjects were recruited for the study. Males subjects were 150 (39.5%) while females were 230 (60.5%) respectively. The mean age was 31 years. One hundred and ninety nine (52.4%) were obstetrics and gynaecological surgeries while 181 (47.6 %) were non-gynaecological surgeries. The commonest indication for surgery was caesarean section representing 130 (34.2%) of the subjects. Two hundred and sixty six of the subjects (70%) had PCV less than 33%. One hundred and fifty two (40%) women had PCV less than 33% while 114 (30%) of the men had PCV less than 33%. Conclusion: The study revealed that prevalence of post-operative anaemia amongst surgical patients at RSUTH was 70 %. The post-operative anaemia amongst women was worrisome. The need to optimize patients prior to surgery cannot be over-emphasized to prevent morbidities and mortalities post-operative.

scholarly journals Prevalence of HIV in surgical patients at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-119
Author(s):  
Eli S ◽  
Aaron FE ◽  
Okagua KE ◽  
Omodu OJ ◽  
Iyama AC
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
State University ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Rivers State

Background: With the high prevalence of HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa, screening for this viral infection is a routine in many health institutions prior to surgery, the world has recorded success story in the research of HIV especially with the advent of Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) this disease burden has been reduced globally. The prevalence of HI in Nigeria is 1.4%. Aim: To determine the prevalence of HIV in surgical patients at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH), Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Method: This was a cross sectional study of ANC attendees at the RSUTH, from January 1st to June 31st, 2019. They were surgical patients who were systematically selected, information was obtained from patients case notes with a structured proforma. The information obtained was coded and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Result: A total of 370 patients were attended to pre-operatively. There were 146 (39.5%) males and 224 (60.5%) females. The mean age was 31 years. One hundred and ninety four (52.4%) were obstetrics and gynaecological surgeries while 176 (47.6 %) were non-gynaecological surgeries. The commonest indication for surgery was caesarean representing 126 (34.1%) of the subjects.The prevalence of HIV in surgical patients was 8 (2.1%). Three (1.6%) of the obstetrics and gynaecological patients had HIV compared to 1(0.5%) non-obstetrics and gynaecological patient. Conclusion: The study revealed that prevalence of HIV in surgical patients at the RSUTH was high (2.1%). HIV infection was thrice as common in obstetrics and gynaecological patients compared with other surgical disciplines. There is need to step up surveillance amongst ANC attendees who are reflection of the populace in this region.

Evaluation of Drug Use Based on WHO Prescribing Indicator in Mizan- Tepi University Teaching Hospital, south Western Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Hambisa ◽  
Rediet Feleke ◽  
Ameha Zewudie ◽  
Mohammed Yimam
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

Background:: Rational drug use comprises aspects of prescribing, dispensing and patient use of medicines for different health problems. This study is aimed to assess drug prescribing practice based on the world health organization prescribing indicators in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital. Methods:: An institutional based retrospective cross sectional study was conducted to evaluate prescribing practices in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital. Data were collected based on World health organization drug use indicators using prescription papers. 600 prescriptions dispensed through the general outpatient pharmacy of the hospital were collected by systematic random sampling method from prescriptions written for a 1-year time in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital. Results:: The present study found that the average number of drugs per prescription was 2.04 ± 0.87 in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital with a range between 1 and 5. Prescribing by generic name was 97.6 % and 47.8% of prescriptions contained antibiotics in the hospital. 27.7% of prescriptions contained at least one injectable medication in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital. From prescribed drugs, 96.7% of them were prescribed from Ethiopian essential drug list. Conclusion:: Present study indicated that the average number of drugs prescribed per encounter, the percentage of generic prescribing and prescribing from the EDL were close to optimal value. However, the percentage of encounters with antibiotics and injections prescribed were found be very high. Thus, the study highlights some improvements in prescribing habits, particularly by focusing on the inappropriate consumption of antibiotics and injections.

BioMed_Central_Tex_Template_v1.06 Exploration of Workplace violence experience among nurses at a selected University teaching Hospital in Rwanda

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valens MUSENGAMANA ◽  
Oluyinka Adejumo ◽  
Gilbert BANAMWANA ◽  
Marie Josée MUKAGENDANEZA ◽  
Thimothée Shahidi TWAHIRWA
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Workplace Violence ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
World Health ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
International Labor Organization ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Background Workplace violence is a global problem in the health sector especially in the hospitals affecting healthcare works’ job satisfaction and performance. Workplace violence is present in different forms associated with various factors and the nurses are the most affected. The aim of this study was to explore workplace violence experience among nurses working at a selected University Teaching Hospital in Rwanda.Method The research approach used was quantitative descriptive cross-sectional design. The stratified random sampling was used to recruit 195 participants among 379 nurses. The data was collected using a structured, validated, and self-administered questionnaire that was adapted from the International Labor Organization, International Council of Nurses, World Health Organization and Public Services International. Descriptive statistics were used for analyzing frequencies and percentages. Chi-square test was used for evaluating the association between variables.Results The findings revealed that (58.5%, n=114) of nurses have experienced some types of WPV in the twelve months preceding the study, among them (44.6%, n=108) of nurses were verbally abused. The nurses providing emergency care, the nurses working at the emergency department and nurses working with vulnerable patients like HIV/AIDS patients were associated with workplace violence Chi-square (1, n=195), P=<0.001). The psychological problems has been found as the first consequences of workplace violence.Conclusions Based on the study findings, it was concluded that the hospital management needs to be aware of workplace violence, develop and implement appropriate policies and strategies. These strategies will strengthen nurses’ concentration towards their and will resulting in service delivery improvement.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding World Health Organization surgical safety checklist and the challenges in its implementation at a teaching hospital in North India

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 3759
Author(s):  
Priya Sharma ◽  
Vartika Tripathi ◽  
Uma Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
North India ◽  
World Health ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Safety Checklist ◽  
Surgical Safety ◽  
Health Organization

Background: The WHO in 2009 published the surgical safety checklist (SSC) for reducing the surgical complications. For its successful implementation it is imperative to identify the current knowledge, attitude and practices of the involved personnel and explore the anticipated barriers. Objective of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices of the participants about the SSC and determine the possible challenges in its implementation.Methods: This study is a descriptive, cross-sectional study involving the use of a pre-tested questionnaire carried out in a teaching hospital. All personnel involved in the operation theater who gave their written consent were enrolled.Results: Awareness regarding the SSC is high and existing practices are favorable towards patient safety amongst Hospital personnel. Attempts should be made to educate all personnel to gain complete knowledge regarding the checklist. The anticipated barriers, of which lack of knowledge was found to be the most prominent, should be dealt with.Conclusions: A strategy aimed at proper education, stepwise implementation, alleviating the hindrances and regular feedbacks can result in decreasing the surgery related complications and morbidities through implementation of the surgical safety checklist.

scholarly journals A Five-Year Review of Caesarean Section at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, South-South, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 159-167
Author(s):  
Felix Chikaike Clement Wekere ◽  
Rose Sitonma Iwo-Amah ◽  
Joseph Ngozi Kwosah ◽  
Adetomi Bademosi ◽  
Simeon Chijioke Amadi
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Multiple Gestation ◽  
State University ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Review Period ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Rivers State

Background: Caesarean section (CS) is a major obstetric surgery done for pregnant women and is lifesaving.  Aim: The study was aimed at reviewing CS at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH), to determine the prevalence, trend and indications, for improved management outcomes. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we reviewed five thousand, five hundred and ninety-eight (5598) cases of caesarean sections (3699 emergency, 1899 planned) managed at the RSUTH from 1st January, 2015 to 31st December, 2019.  Data collected were analysed using IBM, Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS), version 25.0 Armonk, New York. Results: There were 13,516 deliveries and 5,598 cases of CS over the review period, giving the prevalence of CS as 41.4% or 414 per 1000 deliveries.  Emergency and planned CS cases accounted for 66.1% and 33.9% respectively. An increasing trend of CS was observed over the review period. The mean age ± SD of the participants was 32.30±1.04 years (95% CI:30.26,34.34). Modal age group was 35-39 years, accounting for 33.2% followed by those aged 30-34 years (26.2%). Majority of the patients were multipara [3396 (60.7%)], married [4890 (87.4%)], Christians [5540 (99%)] and had tertiary level education [2800 (50%)]. The commonest indication for CS in RSUTH was previous caesarean section [1925(34%)], followed by cephalopelvic disproportion [757(13.4%)], foetal distress [418(7.4%)], preeclampsia [390(6.9%)] and multiple gestation [252 (4.5%)]. Conclusion: The rate of caesarean section is high in RSUTH with an increasing trend.  Although CS is lifesaving, efforts should be made to reduce the rate to the level recommended by WHO, especially in Low-middle-income countries (LMICs), where there is high aversion to CS.

scholarly journals Newborn cord care practices amongst mothers in Makurdi, Benue State Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-239
Author(s):  
M.O. Ochoga ◽  
A. Michael ◽  
I. Ikuren ◽  
R.O. Abah ◽  
R. Abdallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cord Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Omphalitis is a neonatal infection resulting from unhygienic care of the umbilical cord.In 2014, the World Health Organization issued a new recommendation; the application Of daily Chlorhexidine gel to the umbilical stump. The aim of this study was to determine cord care practices common amongst mothers in Makurdi Local Government area of Benue State in North Central Nigeria. Methodology: The study was a cross-sectional study carried out at the well-baby Immunization Clinic of the Benue State University Teaching hospital (BSUTH) and the Immunization Clinic at the Epidemiology unit of the Benue State Ministry of Health both in Makurdi Local Government area of Benue State from April to July 2018.Subjects were mothers presenting with their babies at these clinics during the study period. Information was collected using a structured intervieweradministered questionnaire. Results: Three hundred and ninetyeight mother-infant pairs participated in this study. Of the infants the males were 205 (51.5%) while the females were 193 (48.5%); they were aged 1-16 days with mean age of 4.29±2.37 days. Two hundred and seventy-two (68.3%) mothers had their babies’ cords cleaned with methylated spirit alone while 11 (2.8%) cleaned with methylated spirit and another substance. The commonest substance applied to cord after cleaning was Vaseline 58(14.6%). Conclusion: The use of methylated spirit for cord care is high among mothers in Makurdi, the uptake of Chlorhexidine as recommended by WHO is significantly very low and this calls for more concerted efforts in educating mothers about the use of Chlorhexidine for cord care. Key words: Chlorhexidine, Cord care, Mothers, Newborn, Practices, 

scholarly journals Antibiogram Development in the Setting of a High Frequency of Multi-Drug Resistant Organisms at University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 782
Author(s):  
Brenna M. Roth ◽  
Alexandra Laps ◽  
Kaunda Yamba ◽  
Emily L. Heil ◽  
J. Kristie Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid

Antimicrobial resistance is a global challenge requiring reliable surveillance data collection and use. Prior studies on resistance in Zambia depended on laboratory methods with limited standardization. Since 2015, the University Teaching Hospital (UTH) microbiology laboratory has used the Vitek 2 Compact (bioMerieux, Inc., Marcy-l’Étoile, France) for standardized identification and susceptibility testing. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 2019 bacterial isolates collected from July 2015 to April 2017 to identify bacterial causes of infections, their susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics at UTH, and develop hospital antibiograms with a multidisciplinary team using World Health Organization guidance. We found high levels of antibiotic resistance among Gram negative bacteria. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were highly resistant to all antibiotics except amikacin and carbapenems. E. coli had susceptibilities of 42.4% to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, 41.4% to ceftriaxone, 40.2% to ciprofloxacin, and 10.4% to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX). K. pneumoniae had susceptibilities of 20.7% to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, 15.6% to ceftriaxone, 48.5% to ciprofloxacin, and 12.3% to TMP/SMX. The high resistance to 3rd generation cephalosporins indicates high rates of beta-lactamase production. This is information that clinicians need to inform clinical decision making and choice of empiric antibiotics and that UTH requires to inform antimicrobial stewardship such as improvements in antibiotic use.

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