scholarly journals Effect of different periods of irrigation on growth and yield of Cenchrus ciliaris at semi-arid zone of North Darfur State, Sudan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 001-004
Author(s):  
Mohamedalmontasir A. M. Mohamed ◽  
Mahmoud H. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Cenchrus Ciliaris ◽  
Buffel Grass ◽  
Ground Cover Plant ◽  
Semi Arid

Buffel grass Cenchrus ciliaris L. (Poaceae) is recognized as one of Australia's most serious environmental weeds. This introduced grass has been associated with loss of native species and alteration of fire regimes. However, it is also highly valued as a pasture species for arid and semi-arid zones and its weed status is highly controversial. This study was conducted at the private farm, Southern part of Alfashir Airport, North Darfur State, Sudan. The objective was to evaluate the effect of different periods of irrigation (DPI) on growth and forage yield of Cenchrus ciliaris during years of 2018 and 2019. The experiment was laid-out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replicates, the plot size was 8x5 m. Data collected included plant density, plant ground cover, plant height and dry matter yield. DPI showed significant effect on plant density, plant ground cover, Plant height and dry matter yield. The study showed that irrigation every 7 days (Ir1) was suitable for buffel grass at semi-arid zone in Sudan. Quantitative studies are needed to determine its ecological effects.

scholarly journals Productive performance and parasitological control of kids supplemented with umbu fruits (Spondias tuberosa Arruda)

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 520-528
Author(s):  
Thiago Vinicius Costa NASCIMENTO ◽  
Daniel Maia NOGUEIRA ◽  
Nilton de Brito CAVALCANTE
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Buffel Grass ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Summary Native fruits from Caatinga vegetation can be an important alternative to improve the productive performance of kids in the semi-arid region of Brazil. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation with Umbuzeiro fruits in natura over the weight gain and anthelmintic control of kids kept in Buffel grass pasture in the semi-arid zone of Pernambuco, Brazil. Twenty-four castrated, crossbreed kids were allocated into three treatments: 1) Control (n = 8) fed exclusively with Buffel grass; 2) Umbu 1x (n = 8) fed with fruits once a week and 3) Umbu 3x (n = 8) fed with fruits for three times a week. The following parameters were evaluated: variation of body weight, faecal egg counts (FEC) and coproculture. Overall, the average consumption of Umbu fruits in natura was 1.48 kg/animal/day, which corresponded to 133.5 g daily dry matter intake (DMI/animal/day). There were no significant difference (P>0.05) for any parameters evaluated. During the experimental period, the overall daily weight gain was variable between 108.75 to 116.70 g/animal/day and the average FEC was 436 eggs. In the present study, the goat kids supplemented with fresh umbu fruits showed a good productive performance, however the supplementation with umbu did not control the infestation of gastrointestinal nematodes in kids.

scholarly journals Impact of sludge and wastewater on Lactuca sativa L. growth and on soil pollution

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-161
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Pollution Load Index ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Treated Municipal Wastewater

<div> <p>Two greenhouse pot experiments were conducted in Agrinion, Greece. The impact of treated municipal wastewater (TMWW) and sludge (i) on the growth of <em>Lactuca sativa</em> L. var Longifolia (lettuce) and (ii) on the extent of soil pollution with heavy metals was studied. Soil pollution was assessed by calculating the Pollution Load Index (PLI). Both of these experiments were conducted, using a randomized block design in four replications and seven treatments, respectively, as follows: (a) Experiment A: study of the effect of treated municipal wastewater (TMWW): [Control, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%, (100%+30 t/ha Sludge)] and (b) Experiment B: Study of the effect of sludge (t/ha): 0, &nbsp;6, 12,&nbsp; 18, 24 , 30, (30+100%TMWW). The sludge affected significantly plant height and fresh and dry matter yield, as well as the dry matter N content of plants, while the TMWW affected significantly the dry matter yield and non-significantly the plant height. The pollution load index (PLI) was non-significant for both treatments (sludge and TMWW). According to PLI calibration scale, the soil was found to be slightly polluted with heavy metals under both treatments.</p> </div> <p>&nbsp;</p>

scholarly journals Row spacing, plant density, sowing and harvest times for sweet sorghum1

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefa Maria Francieli da Silva ◽  
Alek Sandro Dutra ◽  
Felipe Thomaz da Camara ◽  
Antônio Alves Pinto ◽  
Francisco Edson da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Main Crop ◽  
As Effects

ABSTRACT Along with sugarcane, which is the main crop used for ethanol production, the sweet sorghum is a promising agronomic and industrial alternative for cultivation in water-stress regions. This study aimed at assessing the row spacing (0.70 m, 0.80 m and 0.90 m) and plant density (80,000 plants ha-1; 100,000 plants ha-1; 120,000 plants ha-1; and 140,000 plants ha-1) for the BRS 511 sorghum cultivar, combined with sowing and harvest times. A split-plot experimental design, in complete randomized blocks, with four replications, was used. The analyzed variables were plant height, stem diameter, shoot fresh and dry matter, broth volume and total soluble solids (ºBrix). The results showed isolated effects of plant density on plant height and stem diameter, as well as effects of row spacing on total fresh mass and broth volume. The most efficient productive effect for the sweet sorghum was observed in populations lower than 120,000 plants ha-1 and row spacing inferior to 0.80 m, associated with harvest at 120 days after sowing.

scholarly journals Forage Value of Some Popcorn (Zea mays L. everta) Genotypes

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Abdullah Oktem ◽  
Yıldız Kahramanoglu
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Yield Values ◽  
Forage Value

In this study, it was aimed to determine forage yield and yield characteristics of some popcorn (Zea mays L. everta) genotypes and find out the using possibilities of popcorn as a feed material. Study was carried out during the second crop growing season under Sanliurfa, Turkey climatic conditions in 2017. The experiment was designed complete randomized blocks design with three replicates. In the research 13 popcorn new genotypes were used as a crop material. In the study, tassel flowering duration values ranged from 52.0 day to 58.0 day, plant height from 161.23 cm to 210.20 cm, leaf number from 11.16 to 13.90 number ear-1, stem diameter from 21.12 mm to 25.39 mm. Also, another characteristic such as height of fist ear value values were between 74.1 cm and 111.4, biomass yield between 5092.9 kg da-1 and 8069.28 kg da-1. Dry matter yield values varied from 1812.28 to 3333.54 kg da-1, harvest index from 17.72% to 41.64%. When the plant height, biomass yield and dry matter yield values evaluated together for forage value of popcorn genotypes it was determined that 5YTR1305, AYCİN R-997, KUM1347 and 235EAD05 popcorn genotypes was found better than others. It was observed that biomass yield in popcorn plant reached 8 tons da-1 and dry matter yield over 3 tons da-1. It has been seen that popcorn can be used as a feed source for livestock animals.

scholarly journals Comportamiento agronómico de variedades de avena (Avena sativa L.), con niveles de hoja de coca (Erythroxylum coca) molida como abono verde en Kallutaca, La Paz

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Eddy Diego Gutiérrez Gonzales ◽  
Octavio Mártir Coria Garcia ◽  
Verónica Elisa Condori Murga
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
La Paz ◽  
Differential Behavior ◽  
Randomized Block Design

In the Central Altiplano of Bolivia, the production of forage oats is important for the feeding of herbivorous livestock; however, the yields obtained at the producer level register low averages in dry matter. The objective was to evaluate the agronomic performance of three oat varieties, with levels of ground coca leaf as green manure, at the Kallutaca Experimental Center in the department of La Paz. A randomized block design was applied with a divided plot arrangement with four replications. The factors were oat varieties (Aguila, Gaviota and Texas) and levels of ground coca (0, 30 and 60 t ha-1), with variables days to emergence, number of tillers, plant height and dry matter yield. The results at days to emergence show differences in time 60 and 0 t ha-1 with 14 and 11 days. In relation to the number of tillers per plant, in varieties the behavior is similar with an average of 7 tillers; in relation to interaction, the values show significance. In plant height, the means recorded for the Texas variety were 137.10 cm, in the interaction the values were equal. In dry matter, there were significant differences in 60 and 30 t ha-1 with 16 427.27 and 15 281.82 kgDM ha-1, the Gaviota variety with 14 706.06 kgDM ha-1. The treatments influenced the agronomic behavior of the variables studied, the levels of green manure affected oat yield, mainly the number of tillers, which in turn affected the dry matter yield, finally the oat varieties have a differential behavior with the change in the levels of green manure.

scholarly journals AGRONOMIC TRAITS EVALUATION IN IRRIGATED SORGHUM IN THE BRAZILIAN SEMI-ARID

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
AMADEU REGITANO NETO ◽  
RAFAEL DANTAS DOS SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Green Matter ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Semi Arid

Green and dry matter production, along with grain yield and otheragronomic traits, were assessed in 44 sorghum genotypes. Two sets of genotypes were formed based on known plant height, aiming to evaluate green and dry matter production and grain yield, as well as to separate forage and grain sorghum genotypes. The evaluations were performed based on experiments with three replications, being one irrigated (drip system) in Petrolina, State of Pernambuco, and the other rainfed, in Nossa Senhora da Glória, state of Sergipe, Brazil. Sowing dates were July 30, 2016, in Nossa Senhora da Glória; July 13, 2017, and October 24, 2018, in Petrolina; with 117 and 128 days from sowing to harvest, respectively. Expressive forage production was observed in genotypes EP-17 and SF-11, which exceeded 120 t ha-1. BRS 506 produced 108 t ha-1, while 13F03(1141572), P-294, P-288, 2502 x 467, BRS Ponta Negra, and SF-15 presented green matter production ranging from 94 to 98.5 t ha-1. Dry matter production was highly correlated with green matter production, and SF-11 had the best performance of 45.5 t ha-1. The observed plant height was more expressive for forage sorghum genotypes, being this trait highly correlated with the green and dry matter. The best grain yield performance reached 13.4 and 10.3 t ha-1, values observed for 9910032 and BRS Ponta Negra, respectively. The results demonstrate the full adaptability of sorghum to the semi-arid environment and the feasibility to produce roughage and grains under irrigation in the Brazilian semi-arid region.

scholarly journals Influence of Sowing Date on Growth and Yield Components of Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.) in Semi-Arid Zone

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Hilwa, D. Abu Anga ◽  
Wael A. Marajan ◽  
Abu backer H. Mohammed ◽  
Baha Eldin M Idris
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Arid Zone ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Semi Arid

The main objective of this study was to quantify the influence of sowing date on growth and yield components of hybrid sunflower (Hysun33) cultivar in semi-arid zone. This experiment was conducted during the seasons 2014/2015-2015/2016 at the farm of the College of Agricultural Studies, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Shambat, Khartoum- Sudan. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications and three treatments. Different parameters were considered including plant height, leaf area index (LAI), filled sees number/head, head diameter, dry weight and yield components. The collected data were statistically analyzed. The results revealed that crop sown in May and July showed significant increase in plant height, LAI, head diameter, dry weight, field seed number/head, weight of 100 seeds; yield, and yield; compared to crop sown in March. However, crop sown in the second season showed an increase in growth and yield components compared to the crop of the first season.

scholarly journals Repeatability estimates and minimum number of evaluations for selection of elephant-grass genotypes for herbage production

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erina Vitório Rodrigues ◽  
Rogério Figueiredo Daher ◽  
Geraldo de Amaral Gravina ◽  
Alexandre Pio Viana ◽  
Maria do Socorro Bezerra de Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Selection Of

In forage-plants breeding, the selection of superior genotypes has been undertaken through successive harvests in previously established intervals. However, this process involves many steps, the evaluation of many traits, and a great spending with costs and labor. Thus the estimate of the repeatability is essential in improvement of perennials, it allows predicting genotypic value of the individual, the minimum number of evaluations in the selection of genotypes and minimizes resources and time in the selection of promising individuals. The objective of this study was to estimate the repeatability coefficient for morphological traits in elephant grass and determine the number of evaluations needed for phenotypic selection more efficient. The experimental randomized block design with 53 genotypes and two replications. The repeatability coefficients were estimated for variables plant height, number of tillers, stem diameter and dry matter yield, using the methods of Anova, Principal Components and Structural Analysis. We observed significant differences between genotypes (P <0.01) for all variables. The main components provide larger estimates of repeatability when compared to other methods. Estimates of the repeatability coefficients are of high magnitude average for the variables plant height (0.44) number of tillers (0.44) and stem diameter (0.63) and low magnitude for dry matter production (0.27). The Principal Components method requires five, five, two and eleven measurements for plant height, number of tillers, stem diameter and dry matter yield, respectively, with 80% reliability.  

scholarly journals Nitrogen fertilizer rate for improving inbred maize (Zea mays L.) yield on the semi-arid southern coast of Puerto Rico

2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-202
Author(s):  
Johanie Rivera-Zayas ◽  
David Sotomayor-Ramírez ◽  
Ricardo Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Semi Arid

Nitrogen (N) is possibly the most limiting nutrient for crop production on the southern semi-arid coast of Puerto Rico. In efforts to improve inbred maize (Zea mays L.) grain yield, fertilizer N is sometimes aggressively managed. In this paper, we report on the results of a field experiment that evaluated the effect of six rates of fertilizer N (0, 34, 68,102,135 and 203 kg N/ha) and of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata cv. Iron-clay), planted as a cover crop during the offseason, on inbred maize grain yield. The soil was Jacaguas series (Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, isohyperthermic Fluventic Haplustolls) on the Dow Agrosciences experimental farm in Santa Isabel, Puerto Rico. Cowpea was planted on 13 July 2013 and incorporated into the soil on 20 September 2013. An inbred maize line was planted on 19 December 2013 and harvested on 19 March 2014 at a plant density of 51,645 plants per hectare. Irrigation was provided via drip system, and fertilizer N was applied at three different stages during the growing season: at emergence, 21 and 37 days after planting. Measurements of plant height, chlorophyll readings using SPAD-502® and GreenSeeker®, and leaf N concentration were used as indicators of treatment response and N sufficiency. The maximum grain yield of 2,918 kg/ha was attained with the fertilizer N rate of 68 kg N/ha. The cowpea cover crop rotation did not affect grain yield (P>0.05). Plant height, and measurements by SPAD-502® and GreenSeeker® provided adequate indicators of crop N sufficiency during the vegetative stages V6 to V12, with optimum values of 149 cm, 46, and 0.67 NDVI, respectively, 52 days after planting with an application of 68 kg N/ ha. Crop response to fertilizer N occurred at a lower rate than in previous studies and those occurring under conventional commercial conditions. Other factors related to fertilizer N management, such as sources, placement and timing of application might be as important for grain yield improvement of inbred maize.

Character Association Study Among Components of Green Fodder Yield in Ricebean

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Jyoti Kujur ◽  
S. K. Bilaiya ◽  
A.K. Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
Selection Of

Ricebean has been categorized as underutilized crop despite its nutritive quality and fodder yielding ability benign higher than other legumes of Vigna family. In addition to its nutritive value, this crop is fairly resistant to drought and flood conditions. The purpose of this paper is to provide important traits for direct selection of fodder yielding ricebean genotypes through analysis of phenotypic and genotypic association and path coefficient. In the present study, the degree of association between yield and yield contributing attributes were estimated in 85 germplasm lines for nineteen quantitative traits so that direct selection of the promising traits may be effective for the improvement of yield potential of future genotypes of ricebean. Correlation studies indicated that green fodder yield per plant was significantly and positively associated with green fodder yield per day, number of leaves per plant, number of branches per plant, crude protein yield per plant, crude protein yield per plant per day, dry matter yield per plant, dry matter yield per plant per day, leaf stem ratio and plant height at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Path coefficient revealed that green fodder yield per plant per day has highest direct effect and significant positive correlation towards yield. Other traits, crude protein yield per plant, dry matter yield per plant per day, days to 50% flowering, days to flower initiation and plant height were also found to be important fodder yield indicators in ricebean.

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