NMR DRILL CUTTING ANALYSIS: METHODOLOGY EVALUATION AND OPERATIONAL BEST PRACTICES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Singer ◽  
◽  
Mark Flaum ◽  
Songhua Chen ◽  
S. Mark Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Rock Types ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Drill Cutting ◽  
Operational Practices

Drill cuttings are available in every well drilled and NMR is a powerful tool for characterization of rocks and fluids. It is thus desirable if useful petrophysical information can be derived from NMR drill cutting analysis. However, previous studies have shown that there are many uncertainties associated with cutting analysis by using NMR, such as (1) the small cutting size may not be representative of the formation rock pore system, and (2) the effect of drilling fluids which may penetrate and clog the pore space may result in uncertain pore typing and pore surface characterization. In this paper, based on a detailed methodology evaluation study using cuttings with different rock types, cutting sizes, and with different mud contaminations, we present experimental evidence to show (1) the best operational practices to remove mud and excess fluid contamination, and (2) the minimal cutting size required to obtain useful petrophysical information. In addition, we will also provide recommended cuttings preparation procedures and set the practical expectations for NMR drilling cutting analysis.

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

Correlation of Pore Structure and Permeability by SEM-Image Analysis

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 428-429
Author(s):  
C. A. Callender ◽  
Wm. C. Dawson ◽  
J. J. Funk
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Image Analyzer ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Rock Types

The geometric structure of pore space in some carbonate rocks can be correlated with petrophysical measurements by quantitatively analyzing binaries generated from SEM images. Reservoirs with similar porosities can have markedly different permeabilities. Image analysis identifies which characteristics of a rock are responsible for the permeability differences. Imaging data can explain unusual fluid flow patterns which, in turn, can improve production simulation models.Analytical SchemeOur sample suite consists of 30 Middle East carbonates having porosities ranging from 21 to 28% and permeabilities from 92 to 2153 md. Engineering tests reveal the lack of a consistent (predictable) relationship between porosity and permeability (Fig. 1). Finely polished thin sections were studied petrographically to determine rock texture. The studied thin sections represent four petrographically distinct carbonate rock types ranging from compacted, poorly-sorted, dolomitized, intraclastic grainstones to well-sorted, foraminiferal,ooid, peloidal grainstones. The samples were analyzed for pore structure by a Tracor Northern 5500 IPP 5B/80 image analyzer and a 80386 microprocessor-based imaging system. Between 30 and 50 SEM-generated backscattered electron images (frames) were collected per thin section. Binaries were created from the gray level that represents the pore space. Calculated values were averaged and the data analyzed to determine which geological pore structure characteristics actually affect permeability.

Benefit Clubs as a Tool for Loyalty Marketing. Study of Brazil’s Main Insurance Companies

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-226
Author(s):  
Guaracy Carlos Da Silveira ◽  
◽  
Fernando Augusto Carvalho Dineli Da Costa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Relationship Marketing ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Brand Value ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Loyalty Marketing

: This paper considers Relationship Marketing as a business strategic tool and seeks to verify the existence of Benefit Clubs and their structure offered by the major insurance companies in Brazil, analyzing the presence and formatting of the programs. Through the content analysis methodology, we seek to infer its uses for the strengthening of the positioning of these companies. At the end of the paper we compare the best practices identified. The result of the analysis considers the differential obtained by the employment of programs that seek to create brand value and loyalty.

Identification of Current Best Practices for Short-term Medical Mission Trips and Adherence to Current Common Principles and Guidelines

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-82
Author(s):  
Susan Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Operational Practices ◽  
Descriptive Survey

Background:  Recent reviews of published guidelines for conducting short-term medical missions (STMM) identify significant concerns about the lack of adherence and of formal regulations concurrent with the increasing number of individuals and organizations participating in STMM. Method: A descriptive survey methodology was used. A 44-item survey that identifies current practices utilized by healthcare providers (HCP) who have participated in STMM was used based on the literature and prior research, and distributed electronically to HCP participating in STTM to identify current best practices and compare findings with the most recent recommendations for short-term global health activities. A focus on current operational practices was surveyed and analyzed to develop operational recommendations for the ethical and safe care provided during STMM. Results: Eighty-seven surveys were included in the final analysis, with 33% (N=29) serving as coordinators for the trip. The majority of the respondents were female (67%) and the primary roles represented were: MD (N=17; 20%), nurse practitioner (N=20; 23%), and registered nurse (N=18; 21%). A majority (N=48; 67%) traveled to South America or Latin America, with 38% (N=33) having participated in four or more STMM. Language proficiency was reported as deficient (N=35; 40%) along with little or no knowledge of the basic culture (N=39; 45%). Additional data were collected on trip preparation, clinic operations, and outcomes follow up. Conclusions: Using a convenience sample, the results of the survey provide information on the current best practices utilized by HCP who have participated in STMM and compare the findings to assess for adherence with the most recent recommendations for short-term global health activities. There was variation in the degree to which HCP were knowledgeable about specific aspects related to knowledge of local culture, language proficiency, and adherence to recommended practices for STMM. Additional research on STMM is needed, along with further exploration of how evidence based practices for STMM can be implemented to improve access and safety to the care provided while in the host country.

Surface Characterization of Functionalized Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids

Langmuir ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (17) ◽  
pp. 9500-9507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Kolbeck ◽  
Manuela Killian ◽  
Florian Maier ◽  
Natalia Paape ◽  
Peter Wasserscheid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Surface Characterization

Petrological and geochemical characterization of the arc-related Suru–Thasgam ophiolitic slice along the Indus Suture Zone, Ladakh Himalaya

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
I.M. Bhat ◽  
T. Ahmad ◽  
D.V. Subba Rao ◽  
N.V. Chalapathi Rao
Keyword(s):  
Suture Zone ◽  
Secondary Mineral ◽  
High Field Strength ◽  
Geochemical Characterization ◽  
Rock Types ◽  
Ladakh Himalaya ◽  
Magnesian Olivine ◽  
Textural Relationship ◽  
Ree Patterns

Abstract The Ladakh Himalayan ophiolites preserve remnants of the eastern part of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean, in the form of Dras, Suru Valley, Shergol, Spongtang and Nidar ophiolitic sequences. In Kohistan region of Pakistan, Muslim Bagh, Zhob and Bela ophiolites are considered to be equivalents of Ladakh ophiolites. In western Ladakh, the Suru–Thasgam ophiolitic slice is highly dismembered and consists of peridotites, pyroxenites and gabbros, emplaced as imbricate blocks thrust over the Mesozoic Dras arc complex along the Indus Suture Zone. The Thasgam peridotites are partially serpentinized with relict olivine, orthopyroxene and minor clinopyroxene, as well as serpentine and iron oxide as secondary mineral assemblage. The pyroxenites are dominated by clinopyroxene followed by orthopyroxene with subordinate olivine and spinel. Gabbros are composed of plagioclase and pyroxene (mostly replaced by amphiboles), describing an ophitic to sub-ophitic textural relationship. Geochemically, the studied rock types show sub-alkaline tholeiitic characteristics. The peridotites display nearly flat chondrite-normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns ((La/Yb)N = 0.6–1.5), while fractionated patterns were observed for pyroxenites and gabbros. Multi-element spidergrams for peridotites, pyroxenites and gabbros display subduction-related geochemical characteristics such as enriched large-ion lithophile element (LILE) and depleted high-field-strength element (HFSE) concentrations. In peridotites and pyroxenites, highly magnesian olivine (Fo88.5-89.3 and Fo87.8-89.9, respectively) and clinopyroxene (Mg no. of 93–98 and 90–97, respectively) indicate supra-subduction zone (SSZ) tectonic affinity. Our study suggests that the peridotites epitomize the refractory nature of their protoliths and were later evolved in a subduction environment. Pyroxenites and gabbros appear to be related to the base of the modern intra-oceanic island-arc tholeiitic sequence.

scholarly journals Characterization of Steel Slag Filler and Its Effect on Aging Resistance of Asphalt Mastic with Various Aging Methods

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 869
Author(s):  
Minghua Wei ◽  
Shaopeng Wu ◽  
Haiqin Xu ◽  
Hechuan Li ◽  
Chao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Limestone Filler ◽  
Asphalt Mastic ◽  
Pore Characterization ◽  
Asphalt Mastics ◽  
Healing Property

Steel slag is the by-product of the steelmaking industry, the negative influences of which prompt more investigation into the recycling methods of steel slag. The purpose of this study is to characterize steel slag filler and study its feasibility of replacing limestone filler in asphalt concrete by evaluating the resistance of asphalt mastic under various aging methods. Firstly, steel slag filler, limestone filler, virgin asphalt, steel slag filler asphalt mastic and limestone filler asphalt mastic were prepared. Subsequently, particle size distribution, surface characterization and pore characterization of the fillers were evaluated. Finally, rheological property, self-healing property and chemical functional groups of the asphalt mastics with various aging methods were tested via dynamic shear rheometer and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The results show that there are similar particle size distributions, however, different surface characterization and pore characterization in the fillers. The analysis to asphalt mastics demonstrates how the addition of steel slag filler contributes to the resistance of asphalt mastic under the environment of acid and alkaline but is harmful under UV radiation especially. In addition, the pore structure in steel slag filler should be a potential explanation for the changing resistance of the asphalt mastics. In conclusion, steel slag filler is suggested to replace limestone filler under the environment of acid and alkaline, and environmental factor should be taken into consideration when steel slag filler is applied to replace natural fillers in asphalt mastic.

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