scholarly journals Specific features of production of Istobensky variety shallot grown by transplanting method

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 540-548
Author(s):  
V. M. Motov ◽  
A. V. Denisova ◽  
O. A. Cheglakova ◽  
M. V. Motova
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
North East ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
Artificial Illumination ◽  
European Part Of Russia

Currently, shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) is a popular crop, it requires study and development of new varieties. Above all, it needs industrial production technology. The article presents the results of 2015-2019 research on the cultivation of salad shallot by transplanting method in the conditions of the Kirov region (North-East of the European part of Russia). It has been established that growing the Istobensky variety through seedlings allows to get a full-fledged marketable bulb during the growing season. To obtain full-fledged seedlings the seeds are to be sown on the first days of April. The optimal age of seedlings from germination to planting into open ground is 40 days. Depending on the variant, from 1 to 5 pieces of plants were grown in each cell. The control variant had one plant. During artificial illumination, LED lamps with light intensity of 5000-7000 lm were used. The recommended growing period was 20-25 days; the illumination period - 14 hours. Seedlings were grown in a polycarbonate greenhouse during 18-20 days, followed by planting into the open ground. The maximum yield with minimum cost of seeds was obtained by growing three plants in one cell. When grown by the transplanting method, the maximum bulb size of 400 g was obtained in 2016. The studies proved that the maximum yield of 5.8 kg/m2 (+1.6 to the control at LSD05 = 0.7) was obtained when sowing seeds on April, 4. Planting two plants into a hole reduced the average bulb weight by 33%, three – 40; four – 57; and five – 68% compared with the control. The study have shown that shallot of the Istobensky variety is suitable for the transplanting method of growing bulbs from seeds. During one growing period it is possible to get full-fledged bulbs of salad use with an average weight of 100-131 g, with a dry matter content of 2.99%, ascorbic acid – 13.99%, acidity – 0.61%.

Growth and chemical composition of carrots as influenced by the time of sowing and harvest

1987 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Long Term Storage

SummaryThe effects of the time of sowing on growth and chemical composition of carrots grown from May to November were studied during 3 years.Delaying sowing for 1 or 2 months after the beginning of May resulted in a reduction in the growth of both roots and foliage and gave roots with lower dry-matter content and glucose/fructose ratio but higher amounts of hexoses, total nitrogen and amino nitrogen in root dry matter. Sowing date had no influence on the concentration of sucrose, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium in root dry matter up to 137 days from sowing. Carotene decreased only after the last sowing. Sucrose concentration of the roots increased throughout the periods studied irrespective of the time of sowing. The longer the growing period the higher was the sucrose concentration. The concentration of hexoses decreased from the first harvest at 70 days to reach a constant level at about 130 days from sowing.The results did not indicate the presence of a well-defined stage of biochemical maturity in the autumn when carrot roots are expected as most suitable for harvest and subsequent long-term storage.

scholarly journals Эффективность применения удобрений при возделывании капусты белокочанной F1 Континент

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.Ju. Vasyuchkov ◽  
V.A. Borisov ◽  
G.A. Kostenko ◽  
O.N. Uspenskaya ◽  
A.A. Kolomiets
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Dry Matter Content

Цель исследований изучение потенциальной возможности получения максимальной урожайности новых гибридов капусты белокочанной при оптимизации ее питания на пойменных почвах Подмосковья. На окультуренной аллювиальной луговой среднесуглинистой почве поймы реки Москвы (Раменский район) в 20182019 годах проведены исследования по увеличению продуктивности нового гибрида поздней белокочанной капусты F1 Континент. Почвы характеризовались близкой к нейтральной реакцией среды, благоприятными агрофизическими свойствами, довольно высоким содержанием гумуса. Погодные условия 20182019 годов были в целом неблагоприятны для возделывания капусты: длительные засушливые периоды оказали сильное влияние на продуктивность растений капусты. Дефицит влаги восполняли дополнительными поливами. В схему опыта включены варианты с расчетными дозами минеральных удобрений (на урожайность 80, 100 и 120 т/га), использование анализа почвы и растений для определения необходимости подкормок, а также природный регулятор роста растений экстрасол (2 л/га) для оптимизации азотного питания капусты. Возделывание гибрида в условиях низкого (N90P50K135), среднего (N180P100K270) и высокого (N370P101K362) уровня минерального питания, с применением регулятора роста экстрасола (2 л/га) и подкормок азотно-калийными удобрениями в фазе розетки листьев позволило увеличить урожайность с 53 до 7585 т/га (на 4161) с выходом стандартной продукции более 90. Прибавка урожайности к варианту без удобрений (контроль) за счет улучшения питания растений составила 761, окупаемость 1 кг д.в. удобрений дополнительной продукцией в размере от 19 до 62 кг. При улучшении минерального питания отмечено увеличение содержания сахаров и витамина С в продукции, однако увеличение доз азотных удобрений более 250 кг/га д.в. в составе полного минерального удобрения приводит к превышению ПДК (500 мг/кг сырой массы) по нитратам и снижению содержания сухого вещества в кочанах. Окупаемость затрат на удобрения капусты по лучшим вариантам достигла 4762 кг продукции на 1 кг д.в. удобрений.The purpose of the research is to study the potential possibility of obtaining the maximum yield of new hybrids of cabbage when optimizing its nutrition on floodplain soils of the Moscow region. The studies were conducted to increase the productivity of a new hybrid of late cabbage F1 Kontinent on cultivated alluvial meadow medium loamy soil of the Moscow river floodplain (Ramenskii district) in 20182019. The soils were characterized by a close to neutral reaction of the medium, favorable agrophysical properties, and a rather high humus content. The weather conditions of 20182019 were generally unfavorable for the cultivation of cabbage: long dry periods had a strong impact on the productivity of cabbage plants. The deficit of moisture was compensated by additional irrigation. The experimental design included options with estimated doses of mineral fertilizers (for yields of 80, 100 and 120 t/ha), the use of soil and plant analysis to determine the need for fertilizing, and the natural plant growth regulator Extrasol (2 l/ha) to optimize nitrogen nutrition cabbage. The cultivation of the hybrid conditions is low (N90P50K135), medium (N180P100K270) and high (N370P101K362) mineral nutrition level, using the growth regulator Extrasol (2 l/ha) and fertilizing nitrogen-potassium fertilizers in the leaf outlet phase allowed to increase the yield of heads from 53 to 7585 tons per hectare (by 4161) with the output of standard products more than 90. The yield increase amounted to the option without fertilizers (control) due to improved plant nutrition 761, payback 1 kg a.s. fertilizers with additional products in the amount of 19 to 62 kg. An increase in the content of sugars and vitamin C in products was noted with an improvement in mineral nutrition, however, an increase in doses of nitrogen fertilizers of more than 250 kg/ha a.s. as a part of a complete mineral fertilizer leads to an excess of MPC (500 mg/kg of crude mass) in nitrates and a decrease in the dry matter content in heads of cabbage. Payback of the cost of cabbage fertilizers for the best variants reached 4762 kg of products per kg of a.s. fertilizer.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Planting Material on Physiological Parameters and Cassava Mosaic Incidence in Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
S. Nanthakumar ◽  
K. Krithika ◽  
M. Prabhu
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Area Index

An investigation was carried out to assess the effect of planting materials on physiological parameters, cassava mosaic incidence and yield of Cassava varieties viz. H-226 and CO.2 at the Department of Vegetable crops, Horticultural College and Research Institute, TNAU, Coimbatore during September 2010 to June 2011. The experiments were laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design with four treatments and three replications in two varieties. The results revealed that the tissue culture plants were found be the best in virtue of its high leaf area index, net assimilation rate, dry matter content, tuber yield (26.33 t ha-1) and least incidence of cassava mosaic virus. Among the varieties, CO.2 showed less incidence of CMD. The tissue cultured plants may be recommended to farmers to reduce mosaic disease incidence and get maximum yield in cassava.

scholarly journals Nitrogen fertilization and yield formation of potato during a short growing period

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. MUSTONEN ◽  
E. WALLIUS ◽  
T. HURME
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Growing Period

The effects various rates of nitrogen application on accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) were studied during a short growing period of 140–180 days, at MTT Agrifood Research Finland in 2000–2001. The treatments were 0, 60 and 120 kg N ha-1 and the potato cultivars tested were Van Gogh and Nicola. Four successive harvests were made during the course of the experiment to monitor changes in the accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen over the season. Applications of nitrogen substantially increased haulm dry matter accumulation and to an even greater extent their nitrogen contents. The highest dry matter values were generally registered at 120 kg N ha-1. Dry matter and nitrogen content of haulms started to decline during the later part of season and most nitrogen was relocated to tubers. The results suggest that an application of only 60 kg N ha-1 was sufficient to promote rapid canopy development and there were only small reductions in dry matter and nitrogen accumulation until late in the season when the canopy started to senesce as nitrogen supply diminished. Tuber yield, plant dry matter and nitrogen accumulation at maturity were related to crop nitrogen supply. Although application of the high rate, 120 N kg ha-1, resulted in a significant increase in dry matter accumulation, this was not reflected in the profit because the higher nitrogen application reduced dry matter content of tubers by 2.6% in 2000 and by 1.1% in 2001 relative to the use of 60 kg N ha-1. Apparent fertilizer nitrogen recovery values on a whole plant basis ranged from 53 to 75%. The proportion of fertilizer recovered in tubers clearly declined with increase in nitrogen supply.;

THE RELATION OF SOIL TEST VALUES TO FERTILIZER RESPONSE BY THE POTATO: III. EXCHANGEABLE POTASSIUM AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZER REQUIREMENTS

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. MacKay ◽  
C. R. MacEachern ◽  
R. F. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Exchangeable Potassium ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Response ◽  
Response Equation

In experiments conducted at 46 locations over a 6-year period soil potassium levels ranged from 46 to 361 p.p.m. in exchangeable potassium and from 1.1 to 9.6% K saturation. The average yield of tubers on zero-K plots was 86.2% of the maximum (yield obtained from optimum K fertilization) and the zero-K plots produced less than 75% of the maximum at only two locations.Utilization of Bray's modified Mitscherlich equations indicated high variability in c1 values and poor correlation of relative yields (as percentages of the maxima) with soil test values. Expressing soil K as % K saturation provided only slightly better correlations than exchangeable K.The polynomial response equation relating absolute yields (bu/acre) with rates of applied potassium was highly significant, and near maximum yields of tubers were obtained at 150 lb/acre of K. When soils were grouped according to exchangeable K values into "high" (> 230 p.p.m.), "medium" (230–130 p.p.m.), and "low" (< 130 p.p.m.) classes, similar responses to application of K fertilizers were obtained for each. However, greater yields of tubers resulted on the higher soil test classes throughout the entire range of treatments.A highly significant linear depression in dry matter content resulted from potassium applications, with each 50 lb/acre increment of K depressing dry matter by 0.5%.

scholarly journals Performance of modern and old, European and national potato cultivars in different environments

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlandiney Eschemback ◽  
Jackson Kawakami ◽  
Paulo Eduardo de Melo
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Tuber Dry Matter ◽  
Commercial Yield

Abstract Little information on the comparative yield of the main potato cultivars (Solanum tuberosum subsp. tuberosum) used in Brazil is available. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of modern and old, European and Brazilian potato cultivars in different environments. Two experiments were carried in the field in 2013, in Brazil: in Guarapuava, in the state of Paraná, from January to April; and in Brasília, the Federal District, from August to November. Treatments consisted of six cultivars (origin, year of release): Bintje (European, 1910), Monalisa (European, 1982) and Agata (European, 1990); Baronesa (Brazilian, 1955), Catucha (Brazilian, 1995) and BRS Clara (Brazilian, 2010), arranged in complete blocks at random, with four replications, in both areas. Growth cycle, total and commercial yield (number of tubers and mass), tuber average weight and tuber dry matter content were evaluated. We observed significant differences in yield among cultivars, both in Guarapuava and in Brasilia. We also observed that increases in yield in Brazil are possible, the modern cultivars having higher yield potential than old cultivars. No significant differences in yield were detected between European and Brazilian cultivars, in none of the growing zones. We suggest that the use of imported cultivars by Brazilian potato growers is related to factors not associated to yield.

scholarly journals The effect of chloride and nitrogen on nitrate accumulation and yield in beetroot (Beta vulgaris var. conditiva)

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-360
Author(s):  
Tapio Salo ◽  
Liisa Pietola ◽  
Raili Jokinen
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrate Accumulation ◽  
Growing Period

A pot and a field experiment were conducted to evaluate the effects of different nitrogen and chloride fertilizer levels on the nitrate content of beetroot. The yield and dry matter content were also determined. Sulphate fertilization was used as a control to chloride fertilization. There was a considerable decrease in the nitrate content of beetroots during the growing season. High nitrogen fertilization caused nitrate accumulation in both experiments. Chloride had a significant decreasing effect on the nitrate accumulation towards the middle of the growing period in the pot experiment. In the field experiment, chloride also decreased nitrate accumulation towards the middle of the growing period, soon after additional application of ammonium nitrate limestone (13.8 % NH4-N; 13.7 % NO3-N). Chloride tends to decrease nitrate accumulation only at an early stage of root development when nitrate is not the only source of nitrogen in the soil. The yield was higher on high nitrogen supply, in the pot experiment also on chloride application. Nitrogen decreased the dry matter content, but chloride had this effect only in the field experiment.

scholarly journals New varieties and hybrids of potato recommended for cultivation in the middle taiga zone of european north-east*

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. T. Chebotarev ◽  
A. A. Yudin ◽  
P. I. Konkin ◽  
A. V. Oblizov
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
North East

In 2014-2017 in terms of the Republic of Komi conducted a comparative test of two varieties (Saranac and Memory Field) and hybrids (1603-7 and 1657-7) potatoes. The soil of experimental plot is sod-podzolic, light loam, highly cultivated. Agrochemical soil parameters: humus-3,0-4,1%; pH -5,7 – 6,6; P2O5 – 500-595 mg/kg of soil, K2O-130-170 mg/kg of soil. On the sod-podzolic wellcultivated soil, the yield of potato tubers on the 60-65 day from the planting period, on average for 4 years, amounted to 5.1-11.4 t/ha, while the yield of control potato varieties (Luck and Nevsky) was 7.6–9.9 t/ha.The highest yield on the 60-65 day was obtained from hybrid 1657-7 – 11.4 t / ha and exceeded the control varieties by 50.0% and 15.1%, respectively. Varieties of Saranac and Memory Field it was 10.2–8.9 t/ha. 90-95 day, from the date of planting, the average yield of varieties and hybrids of potatoes amounted to 26.2–38,0 t/ha. The highest yields of potato tubers obtained from the hybrid 1657-7 – 38,0 t/ha, a fairly high yield of potatoes was the varieties Saranac – at 33.9 MT/ha and Memory Field – 32.0 t/ha. dry matter content in tubers of potato varieties: Saranac – 21,7 %, P Field 23,4%, in the control potato varieties it was 20.8 and 21.3%. The amount of starch in tubers of potato varieties: Saranac -15,5%, P Field – of 15.6%, control varieties: the Luck of 14.5%, and a budget of 14.5%. According to the content of vitamin C, the best was a hybrid of 1657-12, 5%, in varieties: Zyryanets and P. Polevoy amount of vitamin C was 10.0 and 10.8%, in control varieties: Luck – 9.5%, Nevsky – 14.0%.

scholarly journals Potato Maximum Yield as Affected by Crop Parameters and Climatic Factors in Brazil

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1611-1614 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Pereira ◽  
Nilson Villa Nova
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Potato Yields ◽  
Crop Parameters

There is currently a great deal of interest in estimating crop productivity as a function of climatic factors by means of different crop weather models. In this article, an agrometeorological model based on maximum carbon dioxide assimilation rates for C3 plants, fraction of photosynthetically active radiation, air temperature, photoperiod duration, and crop parameters is assessed as to its performance under tropical conditions. Crop parameters include leaf area, harvest index, dry matter content of potato tubers, and crop cycles to estimate potential potato yields. Productivity obtained with the cultivar Itararé, grown with adequate soil water supply conditions at four different sites in the state of São Paulo (Itararé, Piracicaba, Tatuí, and São Manuel), Brazil, was used to test the model. The results revealed excellent performance of the agrometeorological model proposed here with an underestimation of irrigated potato productivity of less than 10%.

scholarly journals Combining Ability Analysis of Dry Matter Content, Reducing Sugars and Yield of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Genotypes in Uganda

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Edgar Muhumuza ◽  
Richard Edema ◽  
Prossy Namugga ◽  
Alex Barekye
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Uganda is a major food and cash crop mainly grown in the highland regions by small-scale farmers. The increasing importance of potato as a processed product requires new varieties possessing quality processing attributes with acceptable yield. The objectives of this study were to estimate the combining ability effects for dry matter content, reducing sugars, and yield related traits in potato. Nineteen F1 families generated from eight parents using a half diallel mating design were evaluated for dry matter content, reducing sugars, average weight per tuber and total tuber yield at Kachwekano research station. Additive genetic effects were predominant for dry matter content while non-additive effects for the other traits. The GCA/SCA ratios were 0.58, 0.28, 0.17 and 0.44 for dry matter content, reducing sugars, average weight per tuber and total tuber yield respectively. Broad sense heritability estimates were 50.6% for dry matter content, 77.8% for reducing sugars, 90.3% for average weight per tuber and 29.5% for total tuber yield. Parents NAROPOT 3 and 395096.2 had desirable GCA effects for both dry matter content and reducing sugars. Families of nkrk19.17 x Rutuku had desirable SCA effects for dry matter content while Rutuku x 393077.54 and nkrk19.17 x 392657.8 had desirable SCA effects for reducing sugars. Additive genetic effects for dry matter content imply that, genetic gains can be achieved through different selection methods and trait transferred to the respective progenies. The selected parents and families will be subjected to further clonal evaluation and selection.

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