MULTIFOCAL IGNITION OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER BY SUBCRITICAL STREAMER MICROWAVE DISCHARGE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. V. Bulat ◽  
◽  
M. P. Bulat ◽  
P. V. Denissenko ◽  
V. V. Upyrev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Microwave Discharge ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Entire Volume ◽  
Gas Pumping ◽  
Pumping Units

The challenges facing engine developers, aimed at improving the technical and operational characteristics, more stringent environmental standards, make the work aimed at increasing the efficiency of ignition, systems highly relevant. Technologies of prechamber, arc ignition, and ignition by corona discharge known to date require significant energy costs. In addition, ignition of a fuel mixture by such systems is local which leads to the limitation in the burning rate, incomplete combustion of fuel, and formation of harmful impurities in combustion products. Volumetric or multipoint ignition may significantly increase the effectiveness of the use of ignition systems. The use of a subcritical streamer microwave discharge, which is a network of thin hot channels propagating in the volume of the combustion chamber, seems promising because it provides virtually instantaneous ignition of the mixture in the entire volume. In this paper, the results of experiments using a subcritical streamer microwave discharge are presented. The possibility of volumetric ignition and a substantial increase in the completeness of fuel combustion is demonstrated. A number of indirect evidences indicate the absence of nitrogen oxides in combustion products. The results can be applied to the development of multivolumetric ignition systems in internal combustion engines, gas pumping units, power gas turbines, low-emission combustion chambers, etc.

scholarly journals The Use of Air Turbine Heat Recovery Units for the Mod-ernization of Gas Pumping Units with Gas Turbine Drive

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Manushin ◽  
A.I. Melnikov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Air Turbine ◽  
Gas Pumping ◽  
Pumping Units ◽  
Regenerative Cycle

One of the urgent tasks of further developing natural gas transportation systems is the need to increase fuel efficiency and to improve environmental performance of the gas turbine units (GTU) that are used to drive superchargers of gas pumping units. Outdated GTUs with low efficiency are being replaced by units of a new generation, including those of the regenerative cycle. However, this requires significant capital expenditures, thus, the possibilities of upgrading the existing units are also being investigated. A significant proportion of the energy generated by the gas combusted in driven GTUs is lost in the form of heat of the exhaust combustion products. These gases have a temperature not lower than 670 K. To utilize the heat of the exhaust combustion products, it is proposed to compliment the main GTU by an air turbine heat recovery unit (ATU) that is simple in design and inexpensive in production. This well-known idea has not yet been realized in practice, thus there are no recommendations on the use of a GTU-ATU as a drive for natural gas superchargers. It is shown that to ensure the possibility of upgrading drive gas turbines at a minimum cost, it is advisable to use an ATU that is kinematically independent of the GTU. The ATU’s power is used to cover the own needs of the compressor station and other purposes. The calculations show that under equal conditions, the combined GTU-ATU is inferior in efficiency to the GTU of the regenerative cycle. However, it provides a much smoother flow of the efficiency parameter depending on the operation mode, which is important for gas pumping units. The potential of using the ATU for the modernization of drive GTUs is estimated. It is noted that in addition to generating additional power, the use of ATU’s can decrease the flue gas temperature and the mass concentration of harmful emissions.

ANALYSIS OF TECHNOLOGICAL POSSIBILITIES OF TWO-CHAMBER IMPULSE DEVICES FOR SHEET STAMPING

2022 ◽  
pp. 111-117
Author(s):  
А.Ю. Боташев ◽  
А.А. Мусаев
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Technological Capabilities ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Ferrous Alloys ◽  
Stamping Process ◽  
Sheet Stamping

Проведен анализ технологических возможностей двухкамерных устройств для листовой штамповки с одной и двумя камерами сгорания. В устройствах с одной камерой сгорания штамповка детали происходит в холодном состоянии заготовки под действием на нее гибкой среды за счет кинетической энергии поршня, ускоряемого продуктами сгорания газообразной топливной смеси. В устройствах с двумя камерами сгорания процесс штамповки совершается с нагревом заготовки воздействием на нее горячего газа, образованного при сгорании в верхней камере предварительно сжатой топливной смеси. При этом сжатие смеси осуществляется за счет энергии продуктов сгорания, образованных в нижней камере сгорания. Доказано, что устройства с одной камерой сгорания целесообразно использовать для штамповки из пластичных сортов сталей деталей разнообразной формы толщиной до 4 мм и из пластичных цветных сплавов толщиной до 8 мм. Устройства с двумя камерами сгорания целесообразно использовать для штамповки деталей из малопластичных сортов алюминиевых, титановых сплавов и других труднодеформируемых сплавов. Двухкамерные устройства для листовой штамповки обладают широкими технологическими возможностями и могут быть эффективно использованы в мелкосерийных производствах для штамповки деталей различной формы We carried out the analysis of technological capabilities of two-chamber devices for sheet stamping with one and two combustion chambers. In devices with one combustion chamber, the stamping process is carried out in the cold state of the workpiece by the action of an elastic medium on it, using the kinetic energy of the piston accelerated by the combustion products of the gaseous fuel mixture. In devices with two combustion chambers, the stamping process is carried out with the heating of the workpiece by the action of the hot gas formed during combustion in the upper chamber of the pre-compressed fuel mixture. In this case, the mixture is compressed due to the energy of the combustion products formed in the lower chamber. We established that devices with one combustion chamber are expedient to be used for stamping parts of various shapes with a thickness of up to 4 mm and from plastic non-ferrous alloys with a thickness of up to 8 mm from ductile steels. Devices with two combustion chambers are advisable to be used for stamping parts from low-plastic grades of aluminum, titanium alloys and other hard-to-deform alloys. Two-chamber devices for sheet stamping have wide technological capabilities and can be effectively used in small-scale production for stamping parts of various shapes

A General Rezoning Technique for KIVA3V Internal Combustion Engines CFD Simulations

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy P. Hessel ◽  
Ettore Musu ◽  
Salvador M. Aceves ◽  
Daniel L. Flowers
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Engine Cycle

A computational mesh is required when performing CFD-combustion modeling of internal combustion engines. For combustion chambers with moving pistons and valves, like those in typical cars and trucks, the combustion chamber shape changes continually in response to piston and valve motion. The combustion chamber mesh must then also change at each time step to reflect that change in geometry. The method of changing the mesh from one computational time step to the next is called rezoning. This paper introduces a new method of mesh rezoning for the KIVA3V CFD-combustion program. The standard KIVA3V code from Los Alamos National Laboratory comes with standard rezoners that very nicely handle mesh motion for combustion chambers whose mesh does not include valves and for those with flat heads employing vertical valves. For pent-roof and wedge-roof designs KIVA3V offers three rezoners to choose from, the choice depending on how similar a combustion chamber is to the sample combustion chambers that come with KIVA3V. Often, the rezoners must be modified for meshes of new combustion chamber geometries to allow the mesh to successfully capture change in geometry during the full engine cycle without errors. There is no formal way to approach these modifications; typically this requires a long trial and error process to get a mesh to work for a full engine cycle. The benefit of the new rezoner is that it replaces the three existing rezoners for canted valve configurations with a single rezoner and has much greater stability, so the need for ad hoc modifications of the rezoner is greatly reduced. This paper explains how the new rezoner works and gives examples of its use.

Principles of Imitation for the Loading of the Test Bench for Gas Turbines of Gas Pumping Units, Adequate to Real Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13678
Author(s):  
Anton Petrochenkov ◽  
Aleksandr Romodin ◽  
Vladimir Kazantsev ◽  
Aleksey Sal’nikov ◽  
Sergey Bochkarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Gas Pumping ◽  
Pumping Units

The purpose of the study is to analyze the prospects for the development of loading methods for gas turbines as well as to develop a mathematical model that adequately describes the real operating conditions of the loading system at various loads and rotation speeds. A comparative analysis of the most common methods and technical means of loading the shafts of a free turbine at gas turbine plants intended for operation as part of gas pumping units is presented. Based on the results of the analysis, the expediency of using the loading model “Free Power Turbine Rotor–Hydraulic Brake” as a load simulation is shown. Recommendations for the creation of an automation system for the load testing of power plants have been developed. Mathematical models and Hardware-in-the-Loop simulation models of power plants have been developed and tested. One of the most important factors that predetermine the effectiveness of the loading principle is the possibility of software implementation of the loading means using software control systems that provide the specified loading parameters of the gas turbine.

Fast-Burn Combustion Chamber Design for Natural Gas Engines

1998 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 232-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Evans ◽  
J. Blaszczyk
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Natural Gas Engines ◽  
Chamber Design ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fuel Mixtures

The work presented in this paper compares the performance and emissions of the UBC “Squish-Jet” fast-burn combustion chamber with a baseline bowl-in-piston (BIP) chamber. It was found that the increased turbulence generated in the fastburn combustion chambers resulted in 5 to 10 percent faster burning of the air–fuel mixture compared to a conventional BIP chamber. The faster burning was particularly noticeable when operating with lean air–fuel mixtures. The study was conducted at a 1.7 mm clearance height and 10.2:1 compression ratio. Measurements were made over a range of air–fuel ratios from stoichiometric to the lean limit. At each operating point all engine performance parameters, and emissions of nitrogen oxides, unburned hydrocarbons, and carbon monoxide were recorded. At selected operating points a record of cylinder pressure was obtained and analyzed off-line to determine mass-burn rate in the combustion chamber. Two piston designs were tested at wide-open throttle conditions and 2000 rpm to determine the influence of piston geometry on the performance and emissions parameters. The UBC squish-jet combustion chamber design demonstrates significantly better performance parameters and lower emission levels than the conventional BIP design. Mass-burn fraction calculations showed a significant reduction in the time to burn the first 10 percent of the charge, which takes approximately half of the time to burn from 10 to 90 percent of the charge.

scholarly journals SPE “Mashproekt” Gas Turbine Engines for Gas Pumping Sets

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor I. Romanov ◽  
Vladimir V. Lupandin ◽  
Anatoliy V. Kovalenko ◽  
Anatoliy I. Shelestyuk
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
Gas Pumping ◽  
Gas Pumping Unit ◽  
Pumping Units ◽  
Gas Loop

The paper describes the experience gained in designing, developing and operation of gas turbine engines for gas pumping units on the marine gas turbine engine’s base. More than 800 Mashproekt gas turbines of various power output have been in service in gas pumping application since 1980. This paper shows the SPE Mashproekt designing and developing approach for gas turbines to be installed in gas pumping units along with their full-scale testing in the test bed of close gas loop type equipped with gas compressor and gas coolers to simulate operation of the gas pumping unit in the real gas pipeline conditions. The gas turbines for gas pumping application on the 2.5 MW, 6 MW, 10 MW, 16 MW and 25 MW engines base were developed in the period of 1990–1995 for replacement of the existing old gas turbine line-up and installation in the new gas pumping units at the compressor stations in Russia and Ukraine. We are replacing engines with Mashproekt gas turbines at the following gas pumping units: Russian GTN-25, Ukrainian GPA-6.3, GPA-16 and “Coberra-182” (Great Britain) gas pumping units. The comparison of the technical characteristics of these replacements is given in the paper. Technical data on 2.5–25 MW Mashproekt gas turbines for gas pumping units is also presented in this paper.

scholarly journals METHOD FOR APPROXIMATE CALCULATION OF FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GAS PUMPING UNITS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (161) ◽  
pp. 274-279
Author(s):  
B. Ilchenko ◽  
O. Efimov ◽  
A. Romashko ◽  
R. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Approximate Calculation ◽  
Automatic Transmission ◽  
Transmission System ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Program Complex ◽  
Gas Pumping ◽  
Pumping Units

Is described the method of approximate calculation of the functional characteristics of gas-pumping units and the method of diagnostics of the value of the impairment of the working wheel of the central center of the main gas pipelines is described. It is clear that the deposits are inflated with the impairment of productivity and productivity, and that is efficiency factor of superchargers. The architecture of the program complex is described, as well as the necessary system and technical facilities for carrying out the transfer for fragmentation at the warehouse of the automatic transmission system of the gas transmission system. Experimentally, the accuracy of the value of the radial prominence in the gaps of the working wheel on the buttstock of the "Demag" 655 P2 type was verified. The revision of the growth rates from the results of the straight lines to the open flow part was not shifted 0.15 mm. Descriptions of the method of implementation by a complex of programs, allow to carry out the development of the main indicators of the functional and technical mill of the VCN GPA: vitreous-pressure, forceful, polytropic KKD characteristics. These indicators are used for the purpose of determining the overall performance of the energy efficiency of the robotic skin GPU: the effective effort of the gas turbines, the vitrates of the fired gas from the of the coated gas pump, which is displayed in the real demand. The economics of the robotics of compressor stations, the supply of the pumped gas, the confirmation of the plans for the supply of gas to the residents and the safe functioning of the gas transportation system (GTS) of Ukraine, a significant world of possessing the functional To this, it is of particular importance to build up the development of new methods and to provide diagnostics, to ensure that the actual FCS possesses an assessment. At present, there is evidence of the actual state of possession of a more efficient operation of the plant in the transition from a traditional technical service to a resource-saving one. The obtained results show that the calculation of the actual characteristics of the VCN using the proposed method allows to take into account the influence of seal wear on the actual parameters of the regime over the entire range of workloads of single-stage and multistage superchargers.

On Line Fault Detection and Isolation in Gas Turbine Combustion Chambers

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Medina ◽  
Doris Saez ◽  
Roberto Roman
Keyword(s):  
Fault Detection ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Model Identification ◽  
Fault Detection And Isolation ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Base Function ◽  
Swirl Angle ◽  
On Line

This work presents the development of a new model for the exhaust gas temperature based on both basis function expansion and the Brayton cycle. This model is a function of the power generated, ambient temperature, compression rate, and the temperature of each combustion chamber. This last temperature is unknown, but could be estimated. The model basis functions also include the spatial distribution of the combustion chamber and exhaust gases swirl angle surface. Thus, based on the gas path in the turbine, each base function of the model is related to a particular combustion chamber. This is the main assumption that allows solving the fault detection and isolation problem in gas turbines at the level of combustion chambers. As a result of the model identification at every instant, there is a group of coefficients, which are associated to each combustion chamber. From these coefficients, it is possible to generate signals that can be analyzed with statistical techniques and also with wavelets to detect abrupt changes in its behavior.

THERMO ACOUSTIC PROCESSES IN LOW EMISSION COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF GAS TURBINE ENGINE CAPACITY 25 MW

2019 ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
Sergey Serbin
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Gas Turbine Engine ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Low Emission

The appliance of modern tools of the computational fluid dynamics for the investigation of the pulsation processes in the combustion chamber caused by the design features of flame tubes and aerodynamic interaction compressor, combustor and turbine is discussed. The aim of the research is to investigate and forecast the non-stationary processes in the gas turbine combustion chambers. The results of the numerical experiments which were carried out using three-dimensional mathematical models in gaseous fuels combustion chambers reflect sufficiently the physical and chemical processes of the unsteady combustion and can be recommended to optimize the geometrical and operational parameters of the low-emission combustion chamber. The appliance of such mathematical models are reasonable for the development of new samples of combustors which operate at the lean air-fuel mixture as well as for the modernization of the existing chambers with the aim to develop the constructive measures aimed at reducing the probability of the occurrence of the pulsation combustion modes. Keywords: gas turbine engine, combustor, turbulent combustion, pulsation combustion, numerical methods, mathematical simulation.

Combination of 1D Code and CFD for Performance Analysis of a Silo Type Gas Turbine Combustor

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Rasooli ◽  
S. Besharat Shafiei ◽  
H. Khaledi
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Empirical Correlations ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Cfd Simulations

Whereas Gas Turbines are the most important producers of Propulsion and Power in the world and with attention to the importance of combustion chamber as one of the three basic components of Gas Turbine, various activities in different levels have been done on this component. Because of the environmental limitations and laws related to the pollutants such as NOx and CO, Lean Premixed Combustion Chambers are specially considered in gas turbine industries. This study is part of a Multi-Layer simulation of the whole gas turbine cycle in MPG Company. In this work, the combination of a general 1D code and CFD is used for deriving appropriate performance curves for a 1D and 0D gas turbine design, off-design and dynamic cycle code. This 1D code is a general code which has been developed for different combustion chambers; annular, can-annular, can type and silo type combustion chambers. The purpose of generating this 1D code is the possibility of fast analysis of combustors in different operating conditions and reaching required outputs. This 1D code is a part of a general simulation 1D code for gas turbine and was used for a silo type combustor performance prediction. This code generates required quantities such as pressure loss, exit temperature, liner temperature and mass distribution through the combustion chamber. Mass distribution and pressure loss are analyzed and determined with an electrical analogy. Results derived from 1D code are validated with empirical data available for different combustors. There is appropriate agreement between these experimental and analytical results. Drag coefficients for liner holes are available from experimental data and for burner are calculated as a curve with CFD simulations. What differs this code from other 1D codes for gas turbine combustors is the advantage of using combustion efficiencies evolved from numerical simulation results in different loads. These efficiencies are determined with CFD simulations and are available as maps and inserted into the gas temperature calculation algorithm of 1D code. In other 1D codes in this field, empirical correlations are used for combustion efficiency determination. Combustion efficiency curves for design and off-design conditions in this study are achieved by 2D and 3D simulation of combustion chamber with application of EBU/Finite Rate model and 8 step reactions of CH4 burning. Diffusion flame in low loads and premixed flame in high loads are considered. Flame stability and Lean Blow Out charts are evolved from CFD simulation and Heat transfer is applied with empirical correlations.

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