scholarly journals Awareness of L1 and L2 word-formation mechanisms for the development of a more autonomous L2 learner

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Balteiro
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
L1 And L2

TO THE QUESTION ABOUT SPECIAL TYPE OF OCCASIONAL WORDS IN RUSSIAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 305-307
Author(s):  
N.N. Zaitseva
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Basic Part ◽  
New Words ◽  
Language System ◽  
Informal Conversation ◽  
Mobile Part

The lexical level is the most mobile part of the language system. This mobility is in many respects caused by word-formation mechanisms. In live informal conversation the process of occurrence of new words is continuous and active. The basic part of new words is created according to productive models. The share of occasional ways in word-formation is less. However, it grows, as the occasional way in itself is more expressive and more emphatic. In the work we will pay attention to the words created by means of one of the ways of occasional word-formation.

scholarly journals Cognitive Mechanisms of Nominating Plants in English

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-147
Author(s):  
Elena Shevchenko ◽  
◽  
Olga Prokhorova ◽  
Igor Chekulay ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Cognitive Models ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Reverse Transformation ◽  
Compound Word ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Compound Words ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
Comparative Aspect

The article deals with cognitive models underlying the process of plant categorization by the speakers. Having analyzed 200 names of herbs and flowers in English, the authors differentiated three cognitive models, which the phytonyms categorization is based on: metaphoric, metonymic and propositional. It is shown that "the codes of culture", or in other words, well-known realia, are used as sources for nomination; on their basis typical cognitive models are formed. Since the names of flowers and herbs in the English language are mostly compound words, the identified cognitive models are described taking into account the action of the cognitive word-formation mechanisms of proverse and reverse. The first mechanism structure of a phytonym presupposes the direct order of compound-word components as a result of the initial word-combination integration. This word building mechanism is typical of the compound structures "adjective / verb + noun". The reversive mechanism represents the inner structure of a phytonym as a result of reverse transformation of the word-combination initial components. This type of mechanism is characteristic of the phytonyms created on the basis of the structures "noun + noun", "noun + ' + noun". The article describes the models of proverse and reverse structuring, which are typical of English phytonyms. The prospects of the research are to study the cognitive models and mechanisms underlying plant nomination in a comparative aspect based on the material of several languages.

scholarly journals Expressive devices in the language of English- and Spanish-speaking youth

2011 ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix Rodríguez González ◽  
Anna-Brita Stenström
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Language Variety ◽  
Corpus Data ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Youth Language

The aim of this paper is threefold: first, to introduce the topic of youth slang by giving an overview of its main characteristics; second, to show the different word-formation processes that slang has to make the speaker’s message more expressive; and third, to study the extent to which these two aspects are reflected in two corpora representing London and Madrid youth language. The present study is based, primarily, on an inventory of the top ten ‘proper’ and ‘dirty’ slang words in each language variety with particular emphasis on the speakers’ age and gender, and, secondarily, on the entire corpus data, which showed great agreement with the features outlined in the overview of the main characteristics of youth slang, while the most obvious word-formation mechanisms turned out to be related to change of form and change of meaning.

scholarly journals Back to the roots? Critical reflections on the ‘root’ in Finno-Ugric linguistics

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-148
Author(s):  
Johanna Laakso
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Expressive Vocabulary ◽  
Critical Reflections

In Finno-Ugric linguistics, words are usually analyzed in terms of stems and affixes instead of abstract monosyllabic ‘roots’ in the Indo-European sense. However, there have been attempts to introduce the concept of ‘root’ alongside the historically disyllabic stems, in order to account for less regular connections between words and the non-canonic word formation mechanisms of the expressive vocabulary. Here, a few such attempts are critically analyzed in their historical and ideological contexts.Kokkuvõte. Johanna Laakso: Tagasi juurte juurde? Arutlus “juure” mõiste üle soome-ugri keeleteaduses. Soome-ugri keeleteaduses on tavaks vaadelda sõnu tüvede ja liidetena, mitte abstraktsete ühesilbiliste juurtena indoeuroopa keeleteaduse mõistes. Ajalooliselt kahesilbiliste tüvede kõrval on püütud tarvitusele võtta ka juure mõiste, et seletada ekspressiivsele sõnavarale omaseid vähem reeglipäraseid sõnadevahelisi seoseid ning sõnamoodustusmehhanisme. Artiklis võetakse kriitiliselt vaatluse alla mõned neist katsetest nende ajaloolises ja ideoloogilises kontekstis.Märksõnad: soome-ugri keeled; ungari keel; soome keel; sõnastruktuur; etümoloogia; juur; keeleteaduse ajalugu; ekspressiivsed sõnad

Word-Formation Categories in “The Tale of Bygone Years” (With a Focus on Nominal Suffixed Derivatives)

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
Alexandra Kunkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Structure ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
Intellectual Activity ◽  
Advanced Students ◽  
Slavonic Language ◽  
The World ◽  
Primary Word ◽  
Human Thinking

The article looks at word-formation categories in the “Tale of Bygone Years” from the cogni-tive perspective, specifically focusing on nominal suffixed derivatives as one of the most pro-ductive groups of derivative lexemes in the text of the manuscript. The author makes a num-ber of observations on the “internal form of the language” — i. e. specific forms of expression of thought and their grammatical realization as well as the creative and intellectual activity of human thinking. The primary purpose of the article is to determine the ratio of derivative and non-derivative nouns, to identify the most productive means of word formation, primary word-formation categories and their conceptual structure, and to analyze word-formation models that guide the process of cognition. We used content analysis to categorize common nouns in terms of their productivity/non-productivity and to determine word-formation mechanisms that are characteristic for the text. The statistical method was used to identify key word-formation methods and categories of nominal derivatives, while the descriptive-analytical method was used to describe their conceptual structure. In the course of the study, we identified primary word-formation categories which gave us a better idea of the medieval language consciousness which seems to have been characterized by an extensive system of word-formation suffixes. In particular, the word-formation act reveals a close interweaving of sensory and speculative perception and an interdependence of the structures of knowledge and evaluation of the world. In addition, the study revealed a high generative potential of core non-derivative concepts that underly the ancient Slavic language picture of the world. The results of the study confirm the hypothesis that the ancient man had developed abstract think-ing, and exteriorization of its conceptual system at all stages of its development was largely realized by original linguistic means. The theoretical significance of this research project lies in the synchronous study of word-formation processes as well as in applying axiological methods to the study of the linguistic picture of the world. Its practical conclusions throw fresh light at language as activity and demonstrate the high potential of original word-formation means of the Old Slavonic language. The results of this research can be used in theoretical courses in anthropo- and ethnolinguistics as well as in teaching Russian as a foreign language for advanced students.

scholarly journals ON THE DESCRIPTION OF ARGOGRAPHIC SOURCES BASED ON THE NEWEST FRENCH YOUTH ARGOT

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 847-852
Author(s):  
O.A. Kuzmina
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

The article is devoted to the vocabulary work of the French journalist Vincent Mongaillard, in which units of the French youth argot are inventoried. The purpose of the article is to analyze the thematic sections of the indicated argographic work, grouped on the basis of word-conversion techniques, on the one hand, and systematization of argot-attractive concepts, on the other hand. The lexicographic publication, created on the basis of the latest synchronous slice of specific vocabulary, is presented according to five criteria, such as the volume of the lexical fund, sources and word formation mechanisms, semantic dominants, synonymous series and metaphor. In the course of the study, systemic methods of argotic word-making were revealed. This confirms the frequency of using such a specific word-formation tool as verlan: argotisms formed through verlanization are included in all semantic macro fields presented in the work. Of the non-specific mechanisms for replenishing the argot fund, metaphorics should be called first of all. Special attention is paid to the description of borrowings. The work provides numerous examples with translation into Russian.

scholarly journals SYSTEM MECHANISMS OF ARGOT WORD-FORMATION (BASED ON THE LATEST SYNCHRONIC STRATUM OF THE FRENCH YOUTH ARGOT)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1031-1036
Author(s):  
Т.I. Retinskaya ◽  
O.A. Kuzmina
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Frequent Word ◽  
Empirical Material ◽  
Linguistic Means

The purpose of this article is to systematize the most frequent word-formation mechanisms of the French youth argot. The authors analyzed a glossary compiled on the basis of materials from six printed lexicographic works and two online dictionaries. The paper presents the classification of word-formation techniques of French argotologists. The analysis showed that users of the modern French youth argot actively resorted to such methods of replenishing the lexical fund as verlanization and metaphor. At the same time, it should be noted there is a striving for saving linguistic means, as a result of which a significant layer of truncated lexemes is formed. The characteristic of the convergence of the argot word-formation methods deserves a separate mentioning. The specified glossary has more than two thousand lexical units, which makes it possible to make a conclusion about the representativeness of the sample and the introduction of new empirical material into scientific circulation.

scholarly journals Hierarchy in derivatological description - selected problems

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
Paweł Kowalski
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Individual Word ◽  
Hierarchical Relations ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Linguistic Reality

This article presents the selected problems to do with the description of hierarchical relations in the area of word-formation. Hierarchy as a form of categorizing the linguistic reality, reduced to the word-formation framework, delimits two larger thematic areas related to the polysemy of the very term of word-formation in Polish. The first concerns the selection of topics and their respective ordering of the individual word-formation mechanisms described in derivatological research, while the second involves the implementation of hierarchies and hierarchical meanings in the investigated language. This paper mainly focuses on the first aspect that concerns the issue of hierarchy in Polish word-formation descriptions.

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