scholarly journals On Wine, Wandering, and Wisdom: Musar and Adab in Medieval Sepharad

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 31-49
Author(s):  
David Torollo
Keyword(s):  
Medieval Period ◽  
And Function ◽  
Point Of Departure

This article focuses on three Hebrew narrative works written in medieval Sepharad: Yosef ibn Zabarah’s Sefer ša‘ašu‘im [The book of delights], Yehudah al-Ḥarizi’s Sefer taḥkemoni [The book of Taḥkemoni], and Mišle he-‘araḇ [The sayings of the Arabs], by one Yiṣḥaq ha-Qaṭan. It takes their chapters on wine, traveling, and wisdom as a point of departure for examining the genre of musar or traditional ethical literature. It also reveals the multifaceted nature and function that this Hebrew genre acquired in the medieval period thanks to its contact with the Arabic tradition and in the context of the wide geographic diffusion of adab literature.

From self-evident norms to contingent couplings: A systems-theoretical analysis of changes in the relationship between schools and the function systems in Denmark

2021 ◽  
pp. 147490412110097
Author(s):  
Niels Åkerstrøm Andersen ◽  
Justine Grønbæk Pors
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Education System ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
School Governance ◽  
World Society ◽  
Historical Account ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Point Of Departure

Taking a point of departure in the paradoxical fact that the increase in educational knowledge leads to an increase in uncertainty for educational organisations, this article explores how uncertainty and contingency have increasingly become an integral part of school governance. The article draws on Niklas Luhmann’s theory of ‘World Society’ as a functional differentiated society providing a range of different symbolic media for educational organisations. To trace the increase in the complexity of governing, we provide a historical account of the shifting couplings between schools and function systems. We show how the school becomes linked to an increasing number of symbolic media so that education becomes only one out of many other concerns. The article studies the consequences these shifting couplings have for how schools are governed and how they are expected to self-manage their relationship to different function systems. The article adds to existing studies of how education has become more and more differentiated with the argument that this has also led to new forms of couplings between schools and the education system with a number of important implications for the teaching profession.

Medieval Interpretation of Phonation Through the Divine Comedy, by Dante Alighieri

2022 ◽  
pp. 019459982110730
Author(s):  
Martha Borraccini ◽  
Matteo Marinini ◽  
Michele Augusto Riva
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Dante Alighieri ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Divine Comedy ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Vocal Cords ◽  
The Divine Comedy ◽  
And Function ◽  
Dual Functions

The anatomic and medical knowledge of people throughout history is unexpectedly evident in some of the poems and texts written by intellectuals of the time. This article attempts to understand the conception of laryngology in the Middle Ages by analyzing the Divine Comedy, written by the Italian poet Dante Alighieri (1265-1321) at the beginning of the 14th century. In the text, Dante mentions the throat several times. He recognizes that the larynx has the dual functions of allowing respiration (dead souls recognize that the poet is alive through movement of his throat when breathing) and speech (souls with their throat cut cannot speak). However, Dante does not seem to know of the existence of vocal cords, thinking that it is the tongue that allows for word formation. In general, Dante’s poem indicates that the anatomy and function of the throat were known during the medieval period, although this knowledge was not precise.

The Letter of Paul to the Galatians: a Deliberative Speech

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joop Smit
Keyword(s):  
New Approach ◽  
And Function ◽  
Literary Composition ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Roman Rhetoric

This study's point of departure is the important article of H. D. Betz, ‘The literary composition and function of Paul's letter to the Galatians’, published in this journal in 1975. In that article the author suggests a new approach to the letter to the Galatians, by using the generative rules of Graeco-Roman rhetoric to analyse the structure of the letter. A rigorous examination leads him to the conclusion that the form of the various parts and the order in which they are arranged completely conform to the classical rules of rhetoric for a judicial speech (genus iudiciale). Paul is under accusation by opponents. The Galatians play the role of judges. The letter contains a speech in which Paul, following all the rules of the art, defends himself before the jury.

scholarly journals Apoteoza starości. Funkcjonalność motywu w średniowiecznej literaturze serbskiej

2017 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 677-688
Author(s):  
Izabela Lis-Wielgosz
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Old Age ◽  
General Public ◽  
World View ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
The Social ◽  
Latin West ◽  
Theological Perspective ◽  
And Function ◽  
Point Of Departure

An apotheosis of old age.The motif’s functionality in the medieval Serbian literatureIn the paper, atheme of the old age is undertaken in order to present it as abroad plane of meanings, representing forms and imaginative constructions, which, inscribed in the concrete context that is, the realm of the medieval culture and literature of Serbia, establishes aspecific point of departure for considerations on the perception of the human age from the historical, ideological, theological perspective, etc. The principal problem of the reflection is aproblem regarding the form and function of the old age motif, its permanence and changeability in the sphere of the phenomenon’s examination, perceiving determined by many factors concerning above all the civilization type of culture, sum of its historical experiences, and the social integration level resulted from the whole of the general public and its world view comportments. There are many cultural and literary examples of realization and functionality of the old age motif in the medieval era, accompanied by their basic monographs, however, they mainly refer to the Latin, West Christian circle. In this accurate context, the output of the Eastern Christian world together with the Old Church Slavonic domain is rarely invoked and disputed. Undertaking the problems conjoined with the old age, it is therefore worth using the old writing of the Old Church Slavs, of which part is the Old Serbian literature. This literature may be interpreted as the motif’s representation, its widely usage and significant illustration.Апотеоза старости. Функционалност мотивау средњовековној српској књижевностиУ реферату се представља тема старости на примеру средњовековне српске књижевности. На темељу изабраних текстова, углавном житијних, указује се мотив позних година, његова адаптација, реализација и функција у књижевном и идејном простору. Овај мотив разматра се пре свега у односу на библијску традицију, али такође он се овде анализира у широм културном аспекту. Дакле, у раду пропитује се начин функционисања мотива, објашњава се његово присуство у конкретним књижевним сценама – у казивању о смрти или опису јуначког одласка у монашки живот. Преглед неких од најчешћих икарактеристичних остварења теме старости у српским кнјижевним текстовима средњега века, доноси закључак да се она појављује као разнолика и чврсто повезана са многим другим културним топосима, да је она снажно обележена библијским узором, и коначно да укњижевности њено присуство и реализација су одраз једног, у великој мери позитивног/апотеозног, менталног става средњовековног – религиозног човека према људској судбини у овом и оном свету.

scholarly journals Gautavik - a trading site in Iceland re-examined

AmS-Skrifter ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 259-275
Author(s):  
Natascha Mehler ◽  
Guðmundur Ólafsson ◽  
Bart Holterman ◽  
Joris Coolen ◽  
Ragnar Edvardsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Twelfth Century ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
New Research ◽  
And Function

Gautavík is a well-known archaeological site on the east coast of Iceland. It was partially excavated in 1979 and interpreted as a seasonal occupied trading site, abandoned shortly after c. 1500. However, recent archaeological research on the  excavated ceramics, which hitherto had not been studied in detail, raised doubts about the interpretation regarding the dating and function of the site. New research was then initiated that included an investigation of written documents in the archives of Bremen, Hamburg, and Copenhagen, pertaining to the trade with Iceland during the sixteenth century. On the basis of the new results presented here we now interpret Gautavík to have been a trading harbour that also included a farm, at least periodically, occupied from the late twelfth century, at the latest, until shortly before 1600. Gautavík was a place of supra-regional importance, being the main port of entry in Berufjörður during the medieval period. In the sixteenth century, however, Gautavík lost its importance. This was a period of intensive trade of German merchants with Iceland, and after Bremen and Hamburg merchants established Djúpivogur and Fýluvogur at the entrance of the fjord c. 1570, both gradually superseded Gautavík, such that shortly before 1600 trade was no longer conducted there.

scholarly journals Designing and coding with BBC micro:bit to solve a real-world task – a challenging movement between contexts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A-M. Cederqvist
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Real World ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Educational Content ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
The Real ◽  
And Function ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Critical Aspects

AbstractDesigning programmed technological solutions (PTS) with programming materials has become a way to contextualise educational content related to PTS and programming. However, studies show that pupils have difficulties conceptualising central phenomena involved in the process, which affects their ability to design PTS. In order to understand these difficulties, this study investigates pupils’ ways of experiencing the process of solving a real-world task with a programming material. The study takes its point of departure from a previous study that identified two central phenomena, the dual nature (structure and function) of PTS and the BBC micro:bit material, when pupils, aged 10 and 14, were designing a burglar alarm with the BBC micro:bit. The data was revisited with the aim of analysing pupils’ sequential discernment of critical aspects of the phenomena (i.e. aspects necessary to discern in order to understand phenomena), and how this affects how the design process unfolds. The results show that the movement from the real-world context toward the BBC micro:bit context is challenging. Pupils need to be able to connect conditions in the real-world context both to aspects of the dual nature of their PTS, and to aspects of the BBC micro:bit material that represent the dual nature. This suggests the importance of appreciating the BBC micro:bit context and the real-world context in relation to the dual nature of PTS, and of addressing the sequential stages of the process in which aspects of phenomena and their interrelations are emphasised, to help pupils see the PTS in the changing contexts.

Chan Narratives about Death Premonitions and Avoidance of Fate

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-321
Author(s):  
Mario Poceski
Keyword(s):  
Medieval Period ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Buddhist Literature ◽  
Supernatural Power ◽  
Buddhist Tradition ◽  
Late Medieval Period ◽  
And Function

Abstract The article explores the scope, content, and function of prophecies and premonitions presented in Chinese Buddhist literature, with a focus on the Chan school and the late medieval period. It is especially concerned with Chan narratives that feature premonitions about an upcoming death or demise, either one’s own or of another person. Additionally, that is related to prevalent notions about the possibility of changing individual fate (or destiny), mainly at the point of facing death or when coming to terms with the daunting prospect of a terrible afterlife. While these themes resonate with the broader Buddhist tradition, the Chan school’s production of narratives that feature this kind of thaumaturgic elements were linked to changing conceptions of exemplary religiosity, in which the Chan masters’ real supernatural power is ultimately based on their possession of superior wisdom.

scholarly journals Die struktuur van die spontane mondelinge vertelling in Afrikaans met spesiale verwysing na die rol van tempusverwisseling

Literator ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
S. Prinsloo
Keyword(s):  
Oral Narrative ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Evaluation Result ◽  
And Function ◽  
Point Of Departure

There are various opinions as to what can be described as a narrative. In this study the point of departure has been that a narrative can be seen as an intentional linguistic act consisting of at least two time-ordered clauses with a central theme as the cohesive factor. The nature of the narrative demands that two subject disciplines be involved when the narrative is analysed, viz. linguistics and narratology. These two components supplement each other in the narrative so that one can see that a one-sided analysis would be incomplete. The narrative is a firm unity in which, for analytical purposes, various structural elements are distinguished. These structural elements are distinguishable but not always divisible, and function in conjunction with each other in the narrative. Ten structural elements are distinguished in the well-constructed oral narrative, viz. announcement, orientation, complicating action, climax, evaluation, result, coda, slip of the tongue, pauses and tense-switching. It has been found that switches in tense are characteristic of the spontaneous oral narrative in Afrikaans, and that these are functionally applied to delimit the narrative into episodes. A new turn in the narrative is usually linked to a switch in tense. Tense changes do not necessarily indicate changes of time. Actions are anchored in time by means of referential time. Where tense switches do occur, the preterite and the historic present are used in turn. From the study it emerges that where large segments are in the historic present, especially in the part of the complicating action, many direct quotations occur in these segments.

On the Path of the Sign

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baranna Baker
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Medieval Philosophy ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Renaissance Humanism ◽  
Late Medieval Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Point Of Departure

AbstractWith Medieval Philosophy Redefined as the Latin Age, John Deely has written a truly revolutionary book. Both medieval historians and semioticians alike will gain a new perspective on their subject matter upon reading Medieval Philosophy Redefined. In it, Deely traces the history of the sign by going to its roots in the writings of Augustine, and following it through to the time of John Poinsot. John Poinsot, a previously marginalized philosopher from the late medieval period, factors greatly in Deely’s book. Poinsot makes it possible to get through the “thicket” of nominalism and see beyond Renaissance Humanism. Perhaps even more remarkable is the fact that, by using the sign as the point of departure, Deely has found a constant thread that runs through the Medieval Ages, making it, the sign, a key to understanding medieval philosophy from its start to its finish.

scholarly journals Skuil daar ’n verhaal in ’n liriese gedig? Nederlandstalige digters oor narratiwiteit in die poësie: Robert Anker, Tomas Lieske, Leonard Nolens, Willem van Toorn en Eva Gerlach

Literator ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-160
Author(s):  
H.J.G. Du Plooy
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Short Cycle ◽  
Narrative Structures ◽  
Lyrical Poetry ◽  
And Function ◽  
Historical Issues ◽  
Role And Function ◽  
Point Of Departure

Is there a narrative hidden in a lyric poem? Dutch poets on narrativity in poetry: Robert Anker, Tomas Lieske, Leonard Nolens, Willem van Toorn en Eva Gerlach This article is concerned with the views expressed by poets on narrativity in lyric poems. Contemporary poetic ideas and tendencies, such as the preference for longer poems, the use of sequences (sequential poetry) and cycles, are used as a point of departure and thus the argument is linked to historical issues. A motivation for the theoretical approach is provided because the article forms part of a larger project in which narrative structures and techniques in lyrical poetry are studied. The main part of the article is devoted to a discussion of the ideas of five poets, who write in Dutch, on the role and function of narrativity in their recent work. The discussion is based on extended interviews conducted with these poets. The article is concluded with an analysis and interpretation of a short cycle of poems by Eva Gerlach.

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