scholarly journals VIDEO SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS FOR RAILWAY TRANSPORT

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 298-314
Author(s):  
M. R. Ivashevsky
Keyword(s):  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Video Signals ◽  
Video Information ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Intelligent Video Surveillance System ◽  
Train Driver ◽  
Data Transmission System

The article is devoted to analysis of ways to increase train traffic safety. One of ways to reduce accident rate on railways is timely detection of dangerous objects and notification of all traffic participants, primarily, the driver. Such a notification can be performed with the help of intelligent video surveillance system (IVS). The objective of the article is to study the possibility of using IVS to increase train traffic safety. Method (way to achieve the objective) consists of several stages: development of criteria of compliance of functional possibilities of IVS with tasks to increase train traffic safety, assessment, and calculation of permissible values of fitting criteria. The work suggests a scheme of organization of IVS based on fiber-optic data transmission system (FOTS) and data transmission network, highlights advantages and disadvantages of IVS, formulates requirements for IVS. Advantage of video surveillance is availability of video information about an object to a train driver, which allows to timely prevent an accident. Disadvantage of IVS is high probability of false detection, which can lead to false triggering of a system. To reduce the number of false triggering there are two ways: improvement of algorithms of video analytics in recognition device (RD) and increase of quality of video signals at the input of RD. The work is devoted to reduction of probability of false triggering due to improvement of communication quality. It is noted that an efficient method is the use of a new element base of electronics based on nanostructured materials. These materials allow to improve optoelectronic characteristics of main elements of IVS which are photosensors and photoreceivers.

scholarly journals AMPLIFIER DESIGN FOR MODELING THE TRANSMISSION OF A DIGITAL VIDEO SIGNAL OVER A DATA TRANSMISSION CHANNEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 445 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
M. Amreev ◽  
R. Safin ◽  
T. Pavlova ◽  
E. Temyrkanova ◽  
Y. Garmashova
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Line ◽  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Video Transmission ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Video Signals ◽  
Ohmic Resistance ◽  
In Series ◽  
Amplifier Design

The use of video surveillance systems is used in the areas of security, law and order, in the territories of protected objects, in monitoring the movement of road vehicles and in other areas. The main disadvantage of a video surveillance system is its susceptibility to weather influences (rain, fog, snowfall, etc.), which degrades the quality of the video system by reducing the signal level. Therefore, the urgency of finding new ways and possibilities to improve the quality of video signals is one of the priority areas of signal processing. The main task of this work was to determine the main parameters, simulate the transmission line and amplifier, and select the schematic diagram of the transmitting and receiving path with the voltage and current ratings. Both the receiver and the cable video transmitter have different means of adjusting to different transmission line lengths. The signal at the output of each receiver should be in the range from 0.9 to 1.1 V, and the spread of the total ohmic resistance of the wires of the video transmission line at the input of the receiver should be no more than 2 – 3%. Based on these parameters, the equipment is configured for transmitting video over the channel. The magnitude of the mismatch is regulated by potentiometers, which allow smooth adjustment of the video transmission equipment [1]. As a rule, video transmission over the channel is carried out at a distance of 50 to 1500 m. If it is necessary to transmit video at distances less than 50 m, additional resistances are connected in series at the receiver input so that the total line resistance is 30 - 50 Ohm [1].

scholarly journals A deep learning approach to building an intelligent video surveillance system

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Xu
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Object Detection ◽  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Video Surveillance System ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Convolutional Networks ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Intelligent Video Surveillance System

Abstract Recent advances in the field of object detection and face recognition have made it possible to develop practical video surveillance systems with embedded object detection and face recognition functionalities that are accurate and fast enough for commercial uses. In this paper, we compare some of the latest approaches to object detection and face recognition and provide reasons why they may or may not be amongst the best to be used in video surveillance applications in terms of both accuracy and speed. It is discovered that Faster R-CNN with Inception ResNet V2 is able to achieve some of the best accuracies while maintaining real-time rates. Single Shot Detector (SSD) with MobileNet, on the other hand, is incredibly fast and still accurate enough for most applications. As for face recognition, FaceNet with Multi-task Cascaded Convolutional Networks (MTCNN) achieves higher accuracy than advances such as DeepFace and DeepID2+ while being faster. An end-to-end video surveillance system is also proposed which could be used as a starting point for more complex systems. Various experiments have also been attempted on trained models with observations explained in detail. We finish by discussing video object detection and video salient object detection approaches which could potentially be used as future improvements to the proposed system.

scholarly journals A Face Image Virtualization Mechanism for Privacy Intrusion Prevention in Healthcare Video Surveillance Systems

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinsu Kim ◽  
Namje Park
Keyword(s):  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Face Image ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Image Information ◽  
Video Information ◽  
Face Area ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Wide Range

Closed-circuit television (CCTV) and video surveillance systems (VSSs) are becoming increasingly more common each year to help prevent incidents/accidents and ensure the security of public places and facilities. The increased presence of VSS is also increasing the number of per capita exposures to CCTV cameras. To help protect the privacy of the exposed objects, attention is being drawn to technologies that utilize intelligent video surveillance systems (IVSSs). IVSSs execute a wide range of surveillance duties—from simple identification of objects in the recorded video data, to understanding and identifying the behavioral patterns of objects and the situations at the incident/accident scenes, as well as the processing of video information to protect the privacy of the recorded objects against leakage. Besides, the recorded privacy information is encrypted and recorded using blockchain technology to prevent forgery of the image. The technology herein proposed (the “proposed mechanism”) is implemented to a VSS, where the mechanism converts the original visual information recorded on a VSS into a similarly constructed image information, so that the original information can be protected against leakage. The face area extracted from the image information is recorded in a separate database, allowing the creation of a restored image that is in perfect symmetry with the original image for images with virtualized face areas. Specifically, the main section of this study proposes an image modification mechanism that inserts a virtual face image that closely matches a predetermined similarity and uses a blockchain as the storage area.

Intelligent Video Surveillance System Based on Sound Source Localization Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 511-512 ◽  
pp. 530-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Zhang ◽  
Cang Rong Zhao ◽  
Lai Gong Guo
Keyword(s):  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Source Localization ◽  
Sound Source ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Microphone Array ◽  
Sound Source Localization ◽  
Video Surveillance System ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Intelligent Video Surveillance ◽  
Intelligent Video Surveillance System

Since most of the current video surveillance systems are static or dynamic track based on video detection, the paper puts forward the scheme of sound source localization and camera dynamic acquisition in the intelligent video surveillance system. The microphone array is used to locate the sound source, then the camera is steered to monitor sound source position and alarm is executed by image analysis. The experimental results show that the system can achieve effective positioning of the sound source and alarm at abnormal condition under a low-niose environment.

scholarly journals Algorithms for selecting the outlines of objects images in intellectual video surveillance systems

Connectivity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 146 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. Kriuchkova ◽  
◽  
V. I. Strelnikov ◽  
M. V. Akulinicheva ◽  
O. S. Bortnyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Contour Analysis ◽  
Space Length ◽  
Intelligent Video Surveillance ◽  
Video Information ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Selection Of

Intensive development of means of receiving and transmitting digital images creates the problem of processing huge amounts of video information flows. There is a wide range of tasks in which images are considered as a source of information on the basis of which it is necessary to make a decision. Important tasks to be solved by intelligent video surveillance systems are: identification of objects and determination of their trajectories; measuring the speed of objects; detection of alarming events in the tasks of object-territorial protection in real time. One of the main operations in intelligent video surveillance systems in image processing for further analysis is the selection of contours of images of objects, because the contour contains all the necessary information to recognize objects by their shape. This approach allows you to not consider the internal points of the image and, thus, significantly reduce the amount of information processed. This makes it possible to analyze images in real time. Contour analysis is a set of methods for selecting, describing and processing image contours that allows you to describe, store, compare and search for objects presented in the form of their external contours, as well as effectively solve the main problems of pattern recognition — transfer, rotate and zoom image of the object. In this case, the contour means a space-length gap, difference or abrupt change in brightness values. The purpose of the publication is to consider the algorithms for selecting the contours of images of objects in the problems of detecting alarming events by intelligent video surveillance systems. The problem of selection of contours of images of objects in problems of detection of disturbing events by intelligent systems of video surveillance is considered. In order to improve the basic characteristics of intelligent video surveillance systems, algorithms for contouring images of objects are proposed to ensure the detection of four types of alarming events: the appearance and presence of the object in the surveillance zone, moving the object in the forbidden direction, leaving the object and overturning the object.

scholarly journals Real-time marine vessel surveillance video system

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-105
Author(s):  
Ш.С. Фахми ◽  
С.А. Селиверстов ◽  
Е.В. Костикова ◽  
Р.Р. Муксимова ◽  
В.О. Титов
Keyword(s):  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Video Processing ◽  
Image Sensor ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Desktop Computer ◽  
Smart Cameras ◽  
Video Information ◽  
Observation Systems ◽  
High Level

Анализируется процесс развития систем наблюдения. Раскрываются особенности технологических изменений систем наблюдения 1-го, 2-го и 3-го поколений. Декларируется, что современные полупроводниковые технологии позволяют перейти к более развитым системам видеонаблюдения 3-го поколения, где преобразование и обработка видеоинформации выполняются непосредственно в видеодатчиках на этапе формирования кадров. Умные камеры расширяют функциональность видеосенсора 3-го поколения, обеспечивая бортовую высокоуровневую обработку видео. Рассмотрены эволюция систем наблюдения и архитектура обработки видеоинформации с использованием интеллектуальных видеокамер с высоким динамическим диапазоном. Представлена графическая интерпретация, иллюстрирующая процесс эволюции систем видеонаблюдения от 1-го к 3-му поколению. Проанализированы функции современных систем видеонаблюдения и переход от высокоуровневой обработки видео из систем общего назначения во встраиваемые системы. Рассмотрен состав видеосистемы наблюдения с использованием интеллектуальной видеокамеры, включающий видеодатчик, блок обработки и блок управления связи. Описаны условия в которых морские системы видеонаблюдения используются. Приведены результаты экспериментальных исследований и выполнены оценки производительности. Показаны достигнутые результаты производительности для различных реализаций алгоритма обнаружения морских судов и необходимое время выполнения при обработке одного изображения с полным разрешением на стандартном настольном компьютере Pentium 4 с частотой 2,4 ГГц. с использованием реконфигурируемой системой на кристалле. The process of development of observation systems is analyzed. The features of technological changes in observation systems of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd generations are revealed. It is declared that modern semiconductor technologies make it possible to move to more advanced third-generation video surveillance systems, where the conversion and processing of video information is performed directly in video sensors at the stage of framing. Smart cameras extend the functionality of the 3rd generation image sensor to provide on-board high-level video processing. The evolution of surveillance systems and architecture of video information processing using smart cameras with a high dynamic range are considered. A graphical interpretation is presented that illustrates the evolution of video surveillance systems from the 1st to the 3rd generation. The functions of modern video surveillance systems and the transition from high-level video processing from general-purpose systems to embedded systems are analyzed. The composition of a video surveillance system using an intelligent camera is considered, including a video sensor, a processing unit and a communication control unit. The conditions in which marine video surveillance systems are used are described. The results of experimental studies are presented and performance estimates are performed. Shown are the achieved performance results for various implementations of the ship detection algorithm and the required execution time when processing one full resolution image on a standard Pentium 4 desktop computer running at 2.4 GHz. using a reconfigurable system on a chip.

scholarly journals A Survey and Proposed Framework on the Soft Biometrics Technique for Human Identification in Intelligent Video Surveillance System

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Gu Kim ◽  
Hae-Min Moon ◽  
Yongwha Chung ◽  
Sung Bum Pan
Keyword(s):  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Human Identification ◽  
National Origin ◽  
Video Surveillance System ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Soft Biometrics ◽  
Face Features ◽  
Intelligent Video Surveillance System

Biometrics verification can be efficiently used for intrusion detection and intruder identification in video surveillance systems. Biometrics techniques can be largely divided into traditional and the so-called soft biometrics. Whereas traditional biometrics deals with physical characteristics such as face features, eye iris, and fingerprints, soft biometrics is concerned with such information as gender, national origin, and height. Traditional biometrics is versatile and highly accurate. But it is very difficult to get traditional biometric data from a distance and without personal cooperation. Soft biometrics, although featuring less accuracy, can be used much more freely though. Recently, many researchers have been made on human identification using soft biometrics data collected from a distance. In this paper, we use both traditional and soft biometrics for human identification and propose a framework for solving such problems as lighting, occlusion, and shadowing.

scholarly journals Signal Attenuation of Data Transmission by Power Lines

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mykola M. Komarovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Smart Home ◽  
Electromagnetic Compatibility ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Technological Processes

Power Line Communication (PLC) technologies are actively developing and becoming more and more in demand all over the world. They are used in the automation of technological processes, the organization of video surveillance systems and even to control a "smart" home. Research in the field of data transmission using the power grid has been going on for a long time. Once upon a time, the use of PLCs was hampered by low data transfer rates and insufficient immunity from interference. The development of microelectronics and the creation of modern, and most importantly, more efficient processors (chipsets) made it possible to use complex modulation methods for signal processing, which made it possible to significantly advance in the implementation of PLC. However, only a few specialists still know about the real possibilities of communication technology over the power grid. The reliability of data transmission is greatly influenced by interference from various electrical appliances, fluorescent lamps, etc., which interfere with the wires. The strongest influence of impulse noise arising from the operation of electric motors, welding equipment and microwave ovens. However, reliable methods of encoding and encrypting data used in modern PLC technologies provide not only a high level of reliability in the transmission of information, but also its protection from unauthorized access. In addition, when organizing communication, electromagnetic compatibility must be ensured, i.e. it is necessary to reduce the spurious electromagnetic radiation arising from the process of data transmission. Today PLC finds wide practical application. Due to the fact that the technology uses the existing power grid, it can be used in the automation of technological processes for linking automation units via electric wires (for example, city electricity meters). The widespread use of low-voltage electrical networks 0.22 ... 0.38 kV, the absence of the need to carry out expensive work on the construction of trenches and punching walls for laying cables stimulate an increased interest in these networks as a data transmission medium. Often, PLCs are used to create video surveillance systems or a local area network in small offices, where the main requirements for the network are ease of implementation, device mobility and easy scalability. At the same time, both the entire office network and its individual segments can be built using PLC adapters. It is often necessary to connect a remote computer or network printer located in another room or even at the other end of the building to an existing office network - using PLC adapters, this problem can be solved in a few minutes. In addition, PLC technology opens up new opportunities for implementing the idea of a "smart" home, in which all consumer electronics must be tied into a single information network with the possibility of centralized control. The article discusses the basic principles of using power lines as a communication channel, and ways to build such networks. Also, it offers to get acquainted with the main problems of this technology and ways to solve them.

Video monitoring: world practice of usage and prospects of application in providing fire safety

2021 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 67-84
Author(s):  
A. A. Aparin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
English Language ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Video Monitoring ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Video Analytics ◽  
Video Information

Introduction. This article provides an overview of video surveillance technology in the context of the prospects for application both in systems of fire protection of objects (man-made fires in closed rooms) and in extinguishing fires in open spaces. In general, the article is about the analysis of the potential of using video monitoring as means for ultra-early detection of signs of a fire and support for making managerial decisions when managing the actions of fire and rescue units. The author's classification of video information sources for monitoring a man-made fire is presented. The tasks of the research are to analyze the trends in the distribution of video surveillance systems in the technosphere, to consider various ways of obtaining and using video detectors during the detection of a fire and video cameras during fire development at various stages of extinguishing. Methods. The Russian and English language literary, normative and statistical sources of information on the topic under consideration, is analyzed. The results of the synthesis and compilation of the analyzed information are tables, drawings and diagrams with explanations to them. Results and discussion. A theoretical review that supports the ideas of a number of domestic researchers and summarizes the most relevant from the author's point of view ways of potential use of video technologies to increase the level of fire safety is carried out. The author classified the sources of video information when monitoring a man-made fire and their use at various stages of fire extinguishment is assumed. Conclusions. Video monitoring and video analytics are very promising means for increasing of the level of fire safety in the technosphere. The presented material substantiates the need of further fundamental and applied researches on this topic, including assessing the potential effect of the combined use of mobile and stationary video information sources to support management decisions in a fire. Keywords: video monitoring, video detectors, early fire detection, fires at objects of protection, fires at open spaces, video analytics

scholarly journals Security systems’ status with the use of technical means of video recording and video surveillance: international experience, perspectives for implementation in the activities of the National police of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
В. А. Коршенко ◽  
В. В. Чумак ◽  
М. В. Мордвинцев ◽  
Д. В. Пашнєв
Keyword(s):  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Cloud Infrastructure ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Behavioral Abnormalities

Search for criminals becomes more difficult in modern conditions of continuous growth of the population of big urban centers and more and more frequent use of the latest achievements of science and technology by criminals for the realization of their purposes and for counteraction to law enforcement agencies. To increase the efficiency of the search for offenders it is necessary to introduce the latest technologies. Therefore, the systems of video recording and video surveillance, which currently operate in Ukraine and are one of the areas of using these technologies, have been studied. It has been noted that the installed CCTV cameras mostly work in manual mode. The employee of the information processing center must watch the video in order to gather evidence and search for suspects. It takes a lot of time and requires the involvement of a large number of staff, which makes the search for criminals and obtaining evidence from video surveillance systems ineffective. Tendencies in the development of intelligent video surveillance systems in developed countries have been analyzed. It has been found out that such countries (EU, USA, China, Russia) install modern “smart” CCTV cameras, the information from which is sent to modern situational centers, where it is processed by using artificial intelligence, neural networks and cloud infrastructure. Certain types of cameras even have the ability to independently process the received information. This makes it possible to perform biometric facial recognition, to detect behavioral abnormalities of suspects who intend to commit offenses; to record the appearance and disappearance of objects, to recognize the state car plates, to recognize their type, brand and color, to record the way of their movement, to carry out the analysis of these factors on the basis of these factors to search for suspects and cars in the city. Video surveillance centers, in particular within one of the most important areas of public safety – traffic safety – have the ability to recognize prohibited or atypical traffic, to capture the intersection of the restricted area or the intersection of the visual line, to respond to the passage of people in a given direction, to identify traffic conditions, to detect traffic density, congestion and mass congestion of vehicles, to respond to the appearance of people in the surveillance zone, etc. Based on the review of the experience of introduction and use of video surveillance systems in Ukraine and analysis of their development in developed countries, the authors have suggested the ways to modernize and further develop security systems in Ukraine by using CCTV cameras.

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